Cosmic voids, gravity, and WARP.

"A rare, superluminous supernova located 10 billion light-years away has appeared five times in the sky due to gravitational lensing by two foreground galaxies. Credit: Shutterstock" (ScitechDaily, Five-Time Supernova Discovery May Solve a Century-Old Cosmic Mystery)

The WARP bubble is one of the versions of the cosmic voids. We can say that the cosmic void is one of the versions of the WARP bubbles. The cosmic void is a place. Where there is a weaker scattering effect than outside it. This allows photons and other particles travel faster than outside it. Outside the universe is a place that is similar to the cosmic void. 

The energy level of that area is lower than the minimum energy level in the universe. This raises a question: Can a particle cross that thing as a particle? Or does the particle turn into a wave movement? If that wave movement turns straight, it is a very hard thing to notice. 

This forms an interesting question number two. Could there be a cosmic void? There. An energy level is lower. Than zero kelvin? That energy minimum in the universe? If there is a temperature. That is below the known energy minimum; it causes energy flow into that point. That can form. An endless energy source. The fact is this. The universe is full of energy. But there is a problem. How to put that energy into motion. 

The same thing that helps to focus the energy. It can make interstellar travel possible. 

There are many types of cosmic voids. Some of those voids are larger than galaxy clusters. Things like supernovae can form. A small-sized cosmic void. And the antimatter annihilation can form a short-term cosmic microvoid. Sometimes things like dark matter are explained as some kind of cosmic microvoids. The spinning bubbles that collect the Higgs field and aim it in one direction. 

There is a galaxy, made of 99%. Of the dark matter. That means there can be some kind of cosmic voids or low-energy areas in those galaxies. The main question in the cases of dark matter is: why does dark matter not send any radiation? 

Black holes pack quantum fields and matter around them. That effect sends the gamma- and X-rays. Another explanation. For those, X-rays and gamma rays are in some cases. The particle that spins is opposite to the black hole. Changes its direction when it touches the event horizon or energy field near it. That causes an extremely strong energy wave because the black hole’s halo fields pumped lots of energy into that particle. 

When the direction of the particle’s spin changes, that causes a situation where a hyper-energy photon is released. In that case, when the particle releases its kinetic energy, it changes the direction of the spin. 

Cosmic voids accelerate the universe’s expansion. The reason for that is quite simple. The scattering effect in cosmic voids is weaker than outside it. And that means entropy in those areas is lower than in the surrounding areas. This causes a situation where photons and all other particles travel faster in those cosmic voids than outside them. 

When a photon or some other particle that travels through that quantum vacuum hits quantum fields around it, that particle releases its energy to those quantum fields. Another version is that of cosmic voids. Cause energy focus. In the middle of them. Especially if those cosmic voids are ball-shaped. And those reflecting wave movement impulses form a situation. That is like a vacuum bomb. There is a model that particles, and especially elementary particles, are bubbles. The cosmic quantum voids. 

The particle is the whisk-shaped structure of the energy strings that surround a small microvoid. When outside energy impulses strike that structure. Those strings send, or conduct an energy impulse, inside an elementary particle. Then that energy reflects back from the center of the particle. This means that the source of dark energy is. It is in the cosmic vacuums. Or cosmic microvacuums, or microvoids. 

The thing that makes particles. To send photons is their spin. Spin is the effect. There are particles. Like electrons rotate back and forth. Every time a particle’s direction changes. It sends a photon. When the particle spins, it binds energy. When the direction of spin changes, it releases a photon or energy. 

Maybe when one electron or quark wobbles back and forth, that doesn’t cause a very strong effect. But when trillions of particles spin back and forth, that thing causes a gravitational effect. But the thing is that. In normal cases, those particles will not spin synchronously. This makes gravitation so weak. When some particles bind energy, some other particles release it.

But what happens if all particles start to spin harmonically? What if? All particles that form planet Earth start to spin in the same direction at the same time in the same direction? That makes the effect that all of those particles release and send energy at the same time. That can form the nature of the gravity. On the planet Earth. That effect makes the antigravity possible. The system must only change the symmetry of the energy impulses. 

The system can use harmonic particles to release energy. And the non-harmonic particle layer binds energy. This means that particles that are not synchronized can bind energy. And then the system puts those particles to act like a dancing group. When non-synchronous particles bind energy, they don’t pull energy so strongly. But. When synchronized particles release their energy collectively, that means they give a stronger energy impulse than non-synchronized particles. 

That causes an interesting question. 

Is there something that moves back and forth in the black hole? If we think that when a particle. Or a particle group spins. It binds energy. That means. The quantum field travels in that particle. This quantum field transports other particles to that center. When the direction of those particles changes. There is a point. Where those particles stop. Particle releases an energy impulse. This means that if there is a point somewhere inside the black hole. That suddenly stops. That can explain gravity waves. 

The cosmic void is one version of the WARP bubble. The interstellar systems. They must create a cosmic void around them. The system can make a synthetic cosmic void simply by exploding antimatter. Then the system sends a particle beam into that cosmic void. 

The purpose of the WARP bubble is to remove the scattering effect from around the craft. The annihilation. Just forms the shockwave. Which pushes. Quantum fields. Away from those particles. This makes the environment there. The light travels faster than usual. 

https://scitechdaily.com/black-hole-collisions-may-finally-resolve-the-hubble-tension/

https://scitechdaily.com/cosmic-voids-arent-empty-theyre-full-of-something-far-stranger/

https://scitechdaily.com/ghost-galaxy-made-of-99-dark-matter-discovered-300-million-light-years-away/

Could the universe expand faster-than-light during cosmic inflation?

In the cosmic inflation model is the statement that the gravity turned opposite in the Big Bang. That means the energy level in the very early universe was raised higher than its environment. The energy minimum was far higher than in the modern universe. And entropy was lower. It’s possible to eliminate the gravity wave that is the energy ditch by decreasing the energy level lower than the bottom of the gravity wave. Or lower than the energy minimum in the universe. Only time in history that this thing happened was the birth of the universe. 

When the universe turned cooler and the material formed there formed multiple gravity centers that formed the gravity turbulence. Before the first particles formed gravity waves traveled in straight lines. The growing entropy made space between those gravity waves. And turned them into curves. If straight horizontal gravity waves are possible that makes energy valley there particles can travel. That kind of gravity wave can pump energy to a particle that travels in it. 

The key element in cosmic inflation is somewhere in the history of the early universe: it expanded faster than light. And how that is possible. When material erupted from the Big Bang there was nothing that could slow that event. There is a possibility that the entire universe’s energy level including gravity waves were above the energy level around that event. So if the entire universe was at a higher energy level that means there was only a pushing effect that pushed material away. Because there was no scattering or other things and energy traveled in straight lines there were situations where nothing pulled energy out from that radiation. 

And then that thing made it possible for particles to cross the speed of light. Otr they crossed the speed of light in the modern universe. As we know, the speed of light is relative. It depends on the medium, where it travels. Without scattering there was no effect that pulled energy out from the first photons. So can the universe still expand faster than the speed of light. The fact is that if there is nothing outside the universe that means there is nothing that can limit the photon’s speed. Except only known photons come from our universe. 

And that means the gravity effect behind those photons slows them. But there is a theoretical situation where gravity can turn opposite. That situation is that the environment’s energy level turns lower than the energy level at the bottom of the gravity wave. This effect eliminates gravity. So, that means that in the very young universe gravity turned opposite. The reason for that is that the universe’s entire energy level was higher than its environment. And that is the only known theoretical situation. 

If we think possibility that the universe expansion causes gravity wave ahead the universe, that requires quantum field outside the universe. That means the energy ditch surrounds the material bubble that we call the universe. If the energy ditch is deeper at the front of the structure it pulls that structure forward. If there is an energy ditch only at the front of the structure, the force of the energy ditch at the back of the particle will not disturb its acceleration. When a particle or any other structure moves it binds energy into itself. That thing causes an energy ditch at the front of the particle. The energy ditch will fill sooner or later. And that causes that particle to slow. Differences between energy levels behind and forward of the particle determines its speed or acceleration. 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmic_inflation

Can black hole jets travel faster than light?

"The Chandra X-ray Observatory reveals the jet of Centaurus A, extending into the upper left corner of the image. Researchers have found new insights in the jet by focusing on the motion of the bright spots, or knots, within the jet. Credit: Used under a CC-BY 4.0 license from D. Bogensberger et al. Astrophys. J. (2024) DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ad73a1" (ScitechDaily, Faster Than Light? How X-Rays Unravel Mysteries of Black Hole Jets)

Black hole jets are connected with the laws of physics. Normally, anything can travel faster than the speed of light. But there are two paradoxes. That can affect all particles and wave movement. 

The impact speed between particles and wave movement or impact speed with two particles can rise higher than the speed of light. That means the impact speed of two particles is the total speed of those impacting particles. The impact speed is simple to calculate. (The speed of particle 1+ the speed of particle 2).  

So, if the speed of particle 1 is 70% of the speed of light and the particle 2 speed is 70% of the speed of light. That makes the impact speed is 140% of the speed of light. The other version is this. The speed of light is higher in a vacuum than it is in air or water. That means when a particle with mass arrives into the atmosphere. It travels faster than the speed of light in the air. 

The other version is this. If an impacting field or radiation travels in the opposite direction than a particle that makes it possible that particle virtually crosses the speed of light. The impact speed with particle and field is higher than the speed of light. The WARP drive base is in the idea that the craft pulls electromagnetic fields or ions against the craft. And that raises the impact speed of the craft and field higher than the speed of light. 

Diagram of the Alcubierre WARP drive. 

The idea of the WARP drive is that the WARP system looks like a jet engine. When the system pulls a magnetic field into the WARP system, it forms an electromagnetic vacuum or EM low-pressure "shadow" at the front of the craft. The electromagnetic low pressure pulls the craft forward. The wave behind the craft pushes it forward. The difference in the bottom of the forward wave and the top of the following wave determines how fast energy travels through the craft. That energy is the thing that pushes craft forward. 

When a particle slows its speed it must transport its energy to the medium. We see that thing as a blue sky. In the same way, the nuclear reactor sends neutrons to water at a speed that is higher than the speed of light in water. 

When a neutron slows its speed. It sends blue light flashes because it must transfer its energy somewhere. And we see that effect as blue shine around the reactor. The name of that shine is Cherenkov radiation. 

"Cherenkov radiation glowing in the core of the Advanced Test Reactor at Idaho National Laboratory" (Wikipedia, Cherenkov radiation)

The question is: can dark energy be some kind of Cherenkov radiation? 

Sometimes we can ask: can the X- or gamma-ray burst from the black hole travel faster than the speed of light? It's possible. Ahat gamma- and X-ray radiation pushes all material from its route. That means there is a cosmic void there is only high-energy radiation in the black hole's energy beam. That beam can create a tunnel. Where there are no disturbing electromagnetic fields or particles. 

That means there is no crossing electromagnetic fields. And there is no Hall effect. Even if we know the Hall effect as resistance that disturbs information in the electric wire. And we know the electromagnetic version of that effect.  

Maybe other fundamental forces (gravity and weak and strong nuclear forces or interactions) can have a similar effect. But nobody has seen the gravitational Hall effect yet.  

The electromagnetic tunnels or electromagnetic wormholes their radiation, or, wave movement traveling in one direction can make it possible for particles inside it can travel faster than the speed of light outside that beam. When that beam ends particle's speed decreases, and it sends an energy burst to the field around it. 

If that particle is some kind of gluon or small and very high-energy boson. It's possible that we cannot see that particle or its radiation. If radiation has extremely short or extremely long wavelengths and its pulse frequency is very high that makes it hard to see that particle or its radiation. In the case of a black hole radiation that comes out from a black hole or its material disk can cover those particles under their shine. 

The virtual crossing at the speed of light is also possible. That means the radiation. That comes out from the black hole impacts particles that fall into the event horizon. Radiation or wave movement is the last thing that can travel out from the black hole. That radiation can hit particles that fall to the event horizon. 

In the black hole's plasma layer ions and anions orbit the black hole along with free electrons and other particles. In that high-energy area particles with positive and negative polarity impact together. The high-energy area around black holes can involve things like long-term gluons and other bosons. Those particles can impact together. And they can send radiation whose wavelength is unknown. 

https://scitechdaily.com/faster-than-light-how-x-rays-unravel-mysteries-of-black-hole-jets/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcubierre_drive

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cherenkov_radiation

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamental_interaction

Is the expansion of the universe faster than light?

   Is the expansion of the universe faster than light? 

The negative energy and it's relation with speed of light. 

Negative energy is energy that travels to the object. If all energy travels to the object it turns invisible. The reason for that is that observation requires reflection the particle sends radiation to the observer. 

So 

Positive energy is energy that travels out from an object. 

Negative energy is energy that travels to an object. 

The reason that makes negative energy interesting is this. The negative energy makes it possible that energy flow to the object can continue when its speed crosses the speed of light. 

If the particle's spin is fast enough it can form a channel or tunnel through it. In the case that wave movement travels through that tunnel the wave movement or superstrings may be pulling all energy through that particle's shell and then making it travel in one direction. This can cause a situation where the particle doesn't cause reflection sideways. The radiation that travels through the channel acts like a heat pump and makes particles invisible because it denies the reflection. And that thing is called negative energy. 

When we think possibility of traveling faster than light, we think of energy transfer. If energy transfer to an object can continue at a speed, higher than the photon's speed that allows faster-than-light travel. But we don't know any particle that is in so low energy level that energy transfer to the particle can continue after it reaches the speed of photons. 

The thing called negative energy could make it possible. That the object can travel faster than light. The term negative energy means energy that travels into the object. Positive energy means energy that travels out from an object. And that thing makes particles visible. The negative energy that travels to the particle makes the particle invisible. 

If 100 % of energy travels through a particle and then continues in another direction without reflection. That makes particles invisible. In some models, the particle with extremely high-speed spin can make the tunnel or channel through it. And that thing makes energy travel into that particle. 

If a superstring travels through that channel it pulls energy through the shell of the particle. That thing makes the negative energy flow into that particle. 

In some models, electromagnetism is formed when a magnetic field makes the channel through an object like a planet or neutron star. And then that standing tornado pulls radiowaves or other radiation or particles through it. And that thing causes the massive magnetic field around neutron stars. The acceleration channel forms. When neutrons form a tower in the middle of the neutron star. And accelerate radiation through it. 

That effect pulls energy and radiation from around the neutron star. And it acts like a heat pump. When radiation travels through that channel it forms a low-energy area in that tunnel. And the outcoming radiation must replace that energy. So it forms a pulling effect. 

That means it's possible that in the middle of singularity is a similar channel that aims gravitational radiation into one direction. So in this model when the energy level rises the object will create a magnetic field, and then a similar field of weak nuclear force. And then when the energy level rises high enough it will condense strong nuclear force and finally gravitational field to entirety. So gravitational field can look like a magnetic field but it's far denser. 

Why gravitation can pull materials to travel faster than the speed of light? That thing is possible behind a black hole's event horizon. When gravitation curves space and time it forms a pothole. Or the tunnel where quantum fields are pressing objects to smaller and smaller. And behind the event horizon, all objects travel at the same speed. 

If we think that the limits of the universe are two first photons that are left from the Big Bang, we can say that the universe expands with a speed that is two times the speed of light. That is the divergence rate of those two photons. Or is it so? The speed of those two photons is not the same as it could be. The gravitation pulls them backward. 

And that thing means the gravitation slows the speed of those two photons. That is called the "two-photon problem". If those two first photons travel at the front of the universe that gravitational effect slows the speed of those two photons. But gravity also pulls other particles. And that means those two photons have the top speed in that system. The reason for that is the photon's speed is always top. The reason for that is that the photon's energy level is precisely the same as its environment. 

But then we can think about cold dark matter and the speed of light. 

The shape of cold dark matter could cause a situation, where the energy flow to that cold material can continue after it reaches the speed of photons. If the energy level of cold dark matter is far lower than visible material and the energy level of photons is the highest possible in the visible universe. That could mean that the energy flow to cold dark matter can continue after it crosses the speed of photons. 

The thing that supports this model is that no other known particle can reach the speed of photons. The reason why that thing happens is that. The particle turns so small and its surface area turns so big that energy starts to flow out of the particle. 

There is a possibility that cold dark matter can travel faster than photons. The reason for that is energy could travel to cold dark matter. The reason why anything can travel faster than light in the regular universe is that the quantum fields push objects smaller when it is close to the speed of light. Then particle's surface area turns big relative to its size. 

And that causes a situation in which energy travels out from the particle in the critical moment. If cold dark matter is so-called quantum ice whose energy level is so low then energy always travels to it. That means there is a possibility that cold dark matter can avoid this situation and energy can travel in that material to the point where it reaches the speed of photons. If that energy transfer continues after that point, there is the possibility that cold dark matter could travel faster than photons. 

What if we could travel in time?

What if we could travel in time?

Einstein's theories of the slowing the time, when the speed or energy is rising in the particle, shows that the time travel is possible. The thing is that, when we are thinking the case, that we would expand the energy in the particle, we could stop the time, if we would rise the escape velocity to the same as the speed of light.

That means that time would be stopped on the surface of that particle, regardless of the size of the particle. And in theory, the mass of the particle could rise by pumping the energy to the particle by using a radio telescope or some other high energy maser ray, which will pump the electrons to the particle.

So-what if we would make time moving faster in someplace? We would see people and vegetables grow in seconds.

So if we would slow the time in some particle, that thing would allow traveling to the future, if the observer is inside the particle. This is the thing, what we must realize. The energy pumping allows us to make travel to the future, and the effect is similar to the train, which would travel in the speed of the light. So how we could get back from the future? This is the problem in time-traveling theories.

We know the answer to that question, but we don't know how to make that thing in practice. The idea is simple, we must just make the time moving faster in the particle or the place of some particle, and that allows us to travel back in the time. But the fact is that we don't know how to remove energy?

This is one of the biggest problems in putting these theories into practice.  If we would have the ability to make time move faster in some places, we would see that the trees are growing in the eyes. So also fas moving time would have some kind of benefits.

http://www.physics.org/article-questions.asp?id=131

About advancing of mathematical theories and calculation methods

About advancing of mathematical theories and calculation methods

When ancient mathematicians like Aristotle and Euclid made the theories and calculated things like area of circle and triangle, they had only their head, when they made their calculations. The ancient Greeks believed that pi was three, and that information was enough in that time. Pi defined is as the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter.

That was enough sharp at that time. When Sir Isaac Newton and Gottfried Leibnitz started to work with derivate and integral calculations they had the first mechanical calculator in their use. But when David Hilbert started to work with the errors in the Euclidean geometry, he used only the sharper numbers that Euclid.

When we are thinking about the time of Albert Einstein, we must realize that in his time, in the physics was only mechanical calculation machines. In the time of Albert Einstein was not an observation of the black holes, and I don't know how many times Einstein even mentioned the possibility of the existence of the particle, where even the light cannot be escaped because of its gravity field.

In the time of Einstein was not even quantum physics and in the thing is that most of the work with black holes and theories about it has been made Stephen Hawking. If somebody would claim that the Einsteins theory about the speed of light as cosmic speed limit could be broken that person would be thought as a maniac by other people.

This thing would be possible only in one place, and that thing would be behind the event horizon of the black hole. The thing what has been proved this thing is the gravitation lens, what is the observation that the galaxies and the great gravity fields are turning light. That means that gravity influences the trajectory of the light. 

And until we would have enough sharp telescope that turning the way of photons would interpret the cause of the dust of Galaxy. But the gravitation lens proved that the gravity influences the light, and when we are thinking another physics constant, where the particle drops to mass center with the escaping velocity that means that the particle reaches the speed of light in the point of the event horizon, but is this right?

There are theories that black holes would not pull things inside them. That theory bases the observation that the masses of black holes would not grow, and the two jettisons what are leaving from the center of galaxies. Those jettisons might tell that the great mass of material, what black hole pulls to it would fly away. And if the speed of the dropping material would increase to the speed, what is higher than escaping velocity the black hole would just throw it away.

We cannot get any observations behind the event horizon, and this means that everything, what we are talking about things, what happens behind that point is only theory.  The thing that the mass of black holes is not growing, because the size of the event horizon doesn't enlarge means that the matter goes somewhere, and this has been caused theory ow wormholes, the gates through universe and time.

And things like cosmology are the things what modern science has been accepted to scientific methods. We have discovered the first exoplanets about 20 years ago, and our closest planetary system the system of Proxima Centaur has been discovered just a couple of years ago. This is the thing in physics and mathematics.

The equipment and methods that those things are changing and the attitude of people to persons like Einstein has been changed. If somebody has spoken the things like the fourth dimension and time travel about 20 years ago, that person has claimed to be a maniac. But in fact, there are two ways to travel in time, and the other is possible. The thing is to drive the craft in the particle accelerator or around a black hole with the speed, what is near the speed of the light.

But that allows us to travel in the future only, and the journey would be one-way. And travel to the past will be impossible. If we would travel to the past, we must create the time machine, what neutralizes the time or energy around it, and that would make time moving faster around it, but the practical solution is a little bit difficult to make. So another way would be impossible. 

And in the case, that we would make the wormhole by using black hole, what would be synchronized with another black hole, what is in the past seems a very good way to make that thing. The thing would be working like that the black hole is created in the laboratory by using electromagnetic radiation.  And then another black hole would send to the future, and it will be synchronized with that black hole, what is in the laboratory. The thing would happen simply, that the laboratory staff will simply make a black hole, what will oscillate with a certain frequency. 

Then they will leave the instructions for creating the black hole to the table of the laboratory, and then the staff what lives in the future would create a similar black hole, but this thing needs little bot more advancing technology, and maybe we will leave that thing in future. But the thing is that the success of that kind of technology and operations are at the theoretical level.

So even if the thing seems very easy, that would not be that thing in the practical world. If we would use the particle accelerator to accelerate the speed of capsule in the speed of light, the thing is that this would be a larger-scale experiment, what we ever created before. And if we would use the craft, where would be humans inside. that would need a higher energy level, what has created ever before.

If one of the magnets of the accelerator would be broken, the result will be a huge explosion, because of the contact with the wall of the accelerator would release a very high level of impact energy. There is a possibility that some very huge particle accelerators like CERN would be used in the experiments, where the nanotechnical probe will send to the future, and maybe it could transmit data couple of seconds, but this kind of things are pure theory. But guess what benefit one-second data transmit from the future can give us.