So, did JWST find life from exoplanet K2-18b?

"Scientists using JWST have spotted life-linked molecules on a distant exoplanet, matching signs we only see on Earth from living organisms. The evidence isn’t final, but it’s compelling — and could change everything. Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, Are We Finally Not Alone? Webb Detects Life’s Signature on Distant Ocean Planet)

"They’ve detected sulfur-based molecules in the atmosphere of exoplanet K2-18b that, on Earth, are only produced by living organisms. While the evidence isn’t conclusive yet, it matches predictions for a “Hycean” world — one potentially covered in oceans and capable of hosting microbial life. If further observations confirm these findings, it could mark a turning point in our search for extraterrestrial life." (ScitechDaily, Are We Finally Not Alone? Webb Detects Life’s Signature on Distant Ocean Planet)

The fact is this. The exoplanet K2-18b gives the strongest mark of life ever. Another fact is that the exoplanet is far away from Earth. Confirming the alien organism or denying it requires a visit to that planet. And that is too far in the future. Some researchers say that it's possible to make dimethyl sulfide from non-organic sources in laboratories. The counterargument is this. Are the university laboratories the same thing as the exoplanet's atmosphere? 

The thing is that the exoplanet K2-18b gave a suspicion. That there can be lifeforms. 

Confirming those life forms is very difficult. So, the K2-18b remains a mystery and is the best candidate for life harbor that researchers have. 

"Astronomers have detected the most promising signs yet of a possible biosignature outside the solar system, although they remain cautious. Using data from the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), the astronomers, led by the University of Cambridge, have detected the chemical fingerprints of dimethyl sulfide (DMS) and/or dimethyl disulfide (DMDS), in the atmosphere of the exoplanet K2-18b, which orbits its star in the habitable zone. Credit: A. Smith, N. Madhusudhan (University of Cambridge)"  (ScitechDaily, Are We Finally Not Alone? Webb Detects Life’s Signature on Distant Ocean Planet)

And that is one of the things that can make the alien hunt interesting. The algae and dummy aliens like bacteria don't mean that our existence as the lone or only known intelligent species ends. 

Even if. The K2-18b has some alien species in its oceans. 

That doesn't mean that. We can interact with those species. 

Interaction requires intelligence. We cannot interact with some snail on the exoplanet. 

So even if we find life forms from that exoplanet and those lifeforms are some kind of snails. That means we are still alone. 

But the intelligent lifeforms can be harder to find than we even think. The intelligent lifeform might not answer our signals. They might be the same way carefully. And scared to answer the suspicious as we are. Those aliens might think about the SETI program the same way as we think. They must be in the same way, afraid of the first contact as we are. 

And maybe those hypothetical aliens' first contact with other civilizations is with humans or us. They don't either know what kind of civilization sends signals. They don't have any knowledge of us. Just like. We will not have any knowledge of them. 

And if we see the alien message. There is always the possibility. That we face some kind of trap. In the worst case, the bullet that travels light speed ends our existence. That is one a very good point about that discussion. 

https://scitechdaily.com/are-we-finally-not-alone-webb-detects-lifes-signature-on-distant-ocean-planet/

The new explosives without nitrogen are remarkable chemical advancements.

"Skoltech researchers have identified over 220 carbon-oxygen compounds, many previously unknown, with some showing explosive energy close to that of TNT, despite lacking nitrogen. Their findings on oxocarbons open up new possibilities for space exploration, advanced batteries, and energetic materials, challenging conventional chemistry and expanding the understanding of molecular diversity. (Artist’s concept.) Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, Rivaling TNT: Scientists Discover Bizarre “Magic Molecules” With Explosive Potential)

The idea of the new explosives is that there are lots of carbon atoms that will combine with oxygen atoms. That releases 75% more energy than TNT. The RDX gives 50% more energy than TNT. The research published by Russian researchers and ScitechDaily, and the risk that this technology causes is that those new carbon-oxygen chains will pass the explosive detector. Those molecules are like "frozen, nano-size powder explosions". 

In normal, explosives, like TNT,  nitrogen acts as a catalysator. The nitrogen ion in potassium nitrate makes black powder explode. All known explosives involve nitrogen. And the bomb detectors smell nitrogen ions from the air. But when we think about explosions. We must realize that. Explosion is only fast-burning. Another way to make an explosion is to increase the layer's size, where the material combines with oxygen. In aerosol bombs and combustion engines, the fuel-aerosol and oxygen combine. 

"Image. Graphical abstract of the Skoltech study showing some of the possible carbon oxides in the range probed by the researchers: no more than 16 oxygen atoms, possibly zero atoms of either element. Credit: Elizaveta Vaneeva et al./Materials Today Energy" (ScitechDaily, Rivaling TNT: Scientists Discover Bizarre “Magic Molecules” With Explosive Potential)

The molecular structures of those new potential explosive molecules tell us that it's possible to create explosive graphene. There between those carbon atoms are oxygen atoms. So if every second of those atoms is carbon and every second is oxygen. That means that the maximum number of carbon atoms join to oxygen at the same time. It is also possible to make the explosive "hamburger" two graphene layers there is a 2D oxygen layer between those carbon layers. 

The reason why that burning turns into an explosion is that all droplets are surrounded by the air. Same way sometimes things like regular baking flour detonate. The baking flour dust takes fire. And then the air. That surrounds every single particle in that dust will start to burn them. The fast combination with air makes that normally harmless dust the explosive material. 

The long carbon chain where oxygen and carbon atoms in rows like oxygen and carbon are one after one can make a very strong explosion. The idea is that the carbon and oxygen alternating in the chain. The explosion happens when large numbers of carbon atoms make a connection with oxygen atoms. 

So what if we can make molecules like fullerene where there are oxygen atoms between carbon atoms? In that ball-shaped carbon-oxygen "fullerene" is carbon. And oxygen atoms side by side. When carbon and oxygen combine to make a chemical compound. 

They form carbon monoxide or dioxide. That reaction happens in a large area if we compare that reaction area to molecule size. So large numbers of carbon and oxygen combine with each other at the same time. That causes the same situation as in an aerosol bomb but in a solid structure. 

https://scitechdaily.com/rivaling-tnt-scientists-discover-bizarre-magic-molecules-with-explosive-potential/

Two breakthroughs in photonics and quantum entanglement can revolutionize, at least, computing.

"Researchers have created the first Group IV electrically pumped laser, overcoming key challenges in silicon photonics. Operating with low power on silicon wafers, it promises efficient, cost-effective solutions for next-generation microchips. Credit: Forschungszentrum Jülich / Jhonny Tiscareno" (ScitechDaily, Silicon Photonics Breakthrough: The “Last Missing Piece” Now a Reality)

The photonic mass memories can benefit the silicone photoelectric vortex. The laser systems can write data to silicone memory. That can store data in binary form. The laser system just makes electric marks on the silicone cylinder. The only thing that limits the use of that kind of memory is that if something touches the silicone, it can lose its electric load. 

Photonics and high-accuracy laser systems can make it possible to transport data to silicone. And maybe high-accurate laser- and photonics can make new types of memory chips possible. The laser systems keep temperatures low. In the system. And they are less vulnerable to electromagnetic fields than regular electric wires. Photonics is one of the newest quantum technologies. There are lots of uses for those highly precise information transportation tools. 

"An illustration of two entangled molecules which are individually trapped in magic-wavelength optical tweezers. Credit: Durham University" (ScitechDaily, Revolutionizing Quantum Science: The Secret of Long-Lasting Molecular Entanglement)

Another thing. What is interesting is the molecular version of the quantum entanglement. The molecular quantum entanglement offers many possibilities in quantum computing and quantum- and nanotechnology. If we think about the possibility of making the quantum entanglements between carbon chains. That makes the new type of quantum structures possible. 

The Quantum structure with the superpositioned and entangled molecules can aim information precisely in one direction. This makes the new things for things that should resist heat. The quantum entanglement makes it possible to create a structure that drives light waves in one direction. That thing can make new types of materials with the ultimate heat resistance. 

This type of material can make the invisibility cloak possible. The quantum rolls are energy fields between atoms that can aim information in one direction. And that makes a Star Trek-style invisibility cloak possible. The structure drives information through structures in the form of strings. 

"This illustration shows how X-shaped monomers are interlinked to create the first 2D mechanically interlocked polymer. Similar to chainmail, the material exhibits exceptional strength. Credit: Mark Seniw, Center for Regenerative Nanomedicine, Northwestern University" (ScitechDaily, Nano-Chainmail Unveiled: Revolutionary Material for Lightweight, Tough Protection)

The quantum entanglement between molecular structures is a breakthrough. That breakthrough makes it possible for complex systems can exchange information. This makes quantum teleportation between complex systems possible. And maybe sometime in the future, we can transport small robots and other things through the wormhole. 

Photonics and quantum technology can make new intelligent nanostructures possible. The nanostructure there is the nanosensor inside it can feel any touch that touches it. When the carbon or metal chains send an electromagnetic field into the structure. Everything that touches the nanostructure affects those fields. And that makes it possible to create machines that have a sense of touch. The sensor acts like radar that sees any difference in the distances of those layers. 

https://scitechdaily.com/nano-chainmail-unveiled-revolutionary-material-for-lightweight-tough-protection/

https://scitechdaily.com/revolutionizing-quantum-science-the-secret-of-long-lasting-molecular-entanglement/

 https://scitechdaily.com/silicon-photonics-breakthrough-the-last-missing-piece-now-a-reality/

Researchers made the world's smallest molecular machine.

"The complex of ammonium-linked ferrocene (Fc-amm) and crown ether is assembled on a Cu(111) surface, and its sliding motion is activated by hole injection into the ferrocene group using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Credit: Toyo Kazu Yamada from Chiba University"  (ScitechDaily, Scientists Unveil World’s Smallest Molecular Machine)

"Researchers have successfully stabilized ferrocene molecules on a flat substrate for the first time, enabling the creation of an electronically controllable sliding molecular machine." (ScitechDaily, Scientists Unveil World’s Smallest Molecular Machine)

"Artificial molecular machines, composed of only a few molecules, hold transformative potential across diverse fields, including catalysis, molecular electronics, medicine, and quantum materials. These nanoscale devices function by converting external stimuli, such as electrical signals, into controlled mechanical motion at the molecular level." (ScitechDaily, Scientists Unveil World’s Smallest Molecular Machine)

The new molecular machine is one of the world's miracles. These machines are tools that can transport things. Like medicines into the desired cells. The thing is that the nanomachine releases those chemicals only in the wanted cells. The machine can put the small nano-size tube on the targeted cell's ion pump. 

Then that ion pump pulls the medicine or reactive component to the targeted cells. If there is some nutrient that only the targeted cell uses. That makes it possible to connect that nutrient with the molecular machine. That kind of system can pump things like DNA molecules into the wanted cells. 

This makes medicines more powerful than ever before. The molecular machine itself can destroy non-wanted cells.  That thing can carry enzymes and proteins into the wanted points. And those enzymes that carry acids can destroy structures from cells or other things. 

Molecular machines can clean non-wanted chemicals out of the body. In those cases. There is the molecular structure that collects the non-wanted molecules. Or it can carry a chemical neutralizer. That destroys those non-wanted chemical compounds. 

Or it can operate as part of a bigger entity. The molecular machine can be part of bigger robots and act as mechanic computers. The system can control them by using acid-base combinations. Or the system can control those molecules using the electricity that forms when a copper atom faces things like iron. 

The long lipide molecules can carry copper and iron atoms and put them to touch each other. And that creates electricity for the system. In that case, the system can use things like rotating molecules as propellers. Long molecular chains can act as ion engines that move those molecular machines. The new light-based systems can create more complicated and more multi-use molecular machines. 

https://scitechdaily.com/scientists-unveil-worlds-smallest-molecular-machine/

Gravity waves and whirls.

Above: Spiral Galaxy Messier-77

Do you know what connects gravitational waves and atmospheric gravity waves? And what connects galaxies and tropical storms? The galaxy or spiral galaxy is the whirl as well as a tropical storm. There is a structure that can cause the waves in the field. Or, there is a structure that touches the field and sends wave movement through it. The gravity wave that the tropical storm sends is molecular movement. 

A gravitational wave travels in the Higgs field. The spiral galaxy is the whirl that mass center, the supermassive black hole forms around it. So, when researchers observe galaxies and quasars they get information on how the black hole forms whirls in extremely large conditions. And then they can try to adapt that model to the tropical storms. 

The galaxy starts its life as a quasar. When a large interstellar nebula falls because of its gravity that thing forms a supermassive or medium-size black hole. The supermassive black hole forms the high-energy object by pulling material around it. That thing is the quasar. Then there is forming an elliptical galaxy, and finally a spiral galaxy. The large-size elliptic galaxies can form when two spiral galaxies collide. 

"Artist’s impression of the LISA space mission. LISA’s findings may show dominant gravitational waves from white dwarfs, revealing more about star evolution outside our galaxy. Credit: ESA" (ScitechDaily, White Dwarfs Might Overpower Black Holes in LISA Mission, Researchers Warn)

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Difference between atmospheric gravity waves and real gravitational waves. 

Sometimes people make the difference between gravity and gravitational waves. Gravitational waves are the wave movement that gravitational objects send through the universe. Gravity waves are wave movement between molecules in the atmosphere. But normally we can use gravity waves for both things. Below are some descriptions of those things. 

Atmospheric Gravity Waves occur in Earth’s atmosphere and are generated when air is disturbed by events like storms, hurricanes, or terrain features (such as mountains). These waves propagate through the atmosphere, creating ripple effects as gravity works to restore balance, causing air to oscillate in wave-like patterns. They are part of meteorological and atmospheric studies because they influence weather patterns, air flow, and even space weather interactions within Earth’s upper atmosphere.

Gravitational Waves, on the other hand, are ripples in space-time itself, predicted by Einstein’s theory of general relativity and first directly detected in 2015. They are produced by massive cosmic events, such as black holes merging or neutron stars colliding, and propagate across the universe at the speed of light. Unlike atmospheric gravity waves, gravitational waves are not related to Earth’s atmosphere but are fundamental distortions in the fabric of space-time and are studied within the field of astrophysics.

(Scitechdaily, NASA Unveils Astonishing Gravity Waves Caused by Hurricane Helene)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitational_wave

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravity_wave

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Above: The Chandra X-ray image is of the quasar PKS 1127-145, a highly luminous source of X-rays and visible light about 10 billion light-years from Earth. An enormous X-ray jet extends at least a million light-years from the quasar. (Wikipedia, Quasar)

When we look at images of the quasars we can see the material jet that comes from its black hole. That jet is the axle. That starts to rotate the gas nebula around it. That means there forms a hole or tunnel through the galaxy, and that tunnel acts as an axle that rotates the gas disk forming an elliptical galaxy. 

In the same way, hurricanes or cyclones form around the tunnel that forms through the atmosphere. Sometimes there is a cloud that pulls air from above and below it. If those whirls rotate in the same direction they form the air statue that starts to create a whirl-looking cloud structure around it. The pressure difference between the top of the whirl and the bottom of the whirl makes the airflow that denies the side coming air from filling that whirl. It's a theoretical possibility that tornadoes form in the eye of the hurricane. That would increase its power to limits that we cannot even imagine. 

Above: Tropical storm, 

In galaxies, the tunnel or the whirl is the relativistic jet of a supermassive black hole. That high energy gas and material makes a similar, but larger scale effect as whirl makes around the tropic storms, called hurricanes. 

But then we can look at the gravity waves that form in the gravity field or base energy field in the universe. Normally we see that the black holes and neutron stars that orbit each other send those waves. The thing is that also alone neutron stars and black holes send those gravitational waves. That makes physicists suspicious that there is some kind of similar structure in all particles. 

The source of the gravity waves can be in the bonds or tunnels between or inside quarks. When those structures spin very fast they push the Higgs field. And that sends wave movement around them. Some part of energy will stored in the particles. When we think about gravity waves those things are like electromagnetic waves. Massive and supermassive objects can boost their strength. So, when a gravity wave travels through the universe and faces the other gravity center. Those gravity centers increase their power. 

That means. The gravity centers like white dwarfs can focus those gravity waves into one point. And that gravitational maser emission increases the power of gravity waves. 

https://scitechdaily.com/nasa-unveils-astonishing-gravity-waves-caused-by-hurricane-helene/

https://scitechdaily.com/white-dwarfs-might-overpower-black-holes-in-lisa-mission-researchers-warn/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitational_wave

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravity_wave

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quasar

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spiral_galaxy

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_cyclone

Photosynthesis and the dark reaction in the point of view of the biotechnology and medicines

Photosynthesis and the dark reaction in the point of view of the biotechnology and medicines

The light is a vital element for photosynthesis.

The dark reaction of vegan cells turns photosynthetic cells to cells, which are using some other energy source. This reaction would produce carbon dioxide in some bacteria and the dark reaction would make bacteria the thing, that uses oxygen. So this is why photosynthetic organisms need light.

What would we use with bacteria, what has the opposite metabolism? In this case, the bacteria would start to release oxygen in the dark conditions. If that kind of bacteria can be created by using advanced biotechnology that kind of organism can save human lives.

But when we are thinking about the ability to turn the metabolism of the bacteria opposite. That means the bacteria would start to produce oxygen when it goes to dark. And this thing would make those bacteria a very effective tool for medical use.

If we are thinking about the cases, where the person has faced injuries, and the loss of oxygen is huge, this kind of bacteria can save the life of the victim. In this case, the bacteria would start to oxygenize the blood, and it would make possible to avoid the brain and other neural damages. That kind of innovation, where the cells would start to produce oxygen is based on the opposite version of photosynthesis.

Innovations like would be really good to think because if the medicines can replace by some biological solutions, that thing would make a cheap and more effective method to make sure for saving human lives. This kind of bacteria would be a thing, what lives only when it is needed. When the need for that bacteria would be needed, that thing can be destroyed with antibiotics, which is created for it.

RNA virus can create artificial bone marrow.

The O- blood can be created by using cell cultures, but by using genetic manipulation the bacteria can transform to create the blood cells. The genetically manipulated bacteria can be used to create the "Green blood" or even create artificial bone marrow by using RNA-virus, which bases the "Chimera virus". And that thing makes possible to create very much blood cells that are specially designed for some person. If the RNA virus would be created by using the genomes of some certain person, the antigenes of those blood cells are fitting perfectly to that certain individual.

When people are thinking about this kind of bacteria, it can be used as the universal blood, which replaces the normal blood. If we would use the artificial retroviruses for adjusting the proteins of the cells, those cells can create the protein core, which is similar to the human own antigenes. In the most advanced and theoretical models, the human DNA would be transformed into RNA, which manipulates bacteria to create the blood cells. But that kind of technology is only in the research stage. The thing is that bio- and nanotechnology has many opportunities in medical care.

Image:

https://image.freepik.com/free-photo/dna_1048-4880.jpg

Quantum teleportation and nanotechnology brings quantum computers closer

Quantum teleportation and nanotechnology brings quantum computers closer

Nanomachines can be used as qubits

In the qubits, what are transporting data in the quantum computers has three values 0, 1 and 2. That means that those qubits can't be translated to data by simply cutting the electricity in the wires, but I will return that thing later. There are two ways to create qubits. One version is to create the molecule by using the nanotechnology.

This molecule would be a combination of the metal and some other atoms what are not conducting electricity. The mission of the atoms, what is between the metal atoms is to isolate them from each other. In this scenario, the "Y" shaped molecule would create the qubit in a very simple way.

But creating those molecules is quite difficult. One of the most promising version could be combined iron and some big sized atoms, and the magnet field would pull that molecule through the sensor, what detects the voltage or the position of that molecule.

 If one side of this molecule would touch the sensor or the gate the value of that molecule would be 0, if two heads of the molecule touch the gate, the value can be 1 and if the all heads of that molecule would touch the gate, the value of that molecule would be 3. This would be the nanotechnical version of qubits, and those molecules can be recycled.

The thing is that the molecule or later hydrogen atom must touch the gate for being registered. And that would make some problems for that kind of things. The value of the qubit would be determined with the level of voltage of those qubits, and if only one head of qubit touches the gate the voltage would be lowest. And the lowest voltage in that gate would be translated as 0.

Use of hydrogen atoms as the qubits

If we think about the short-distance quantum teleportation, we must realize that thing can move very small particles in the extremely high speed, or the speed what would ever reach before. And how this thing is connected with quantum computers. If we think the most complicated part of the quantum computers the forming qubits, the particles what are transporting data inside the computer and processors, we are facing the new opportunity for creating the system, what uses qubits as the information transporter.

The problem with qubits is that it has at least values 0,1 and 2 or even more, and the problem is that this kind of thing needs other ways to send numbers than just cutting the electricity of the wire. In normal bit computer, the system can just cut the electricity in the wire, and that causes the effect, where the break in the electricity, what takes a certain time is translated to 0. And in normal bits, there are two layers 0 and 1. But how we could create the qubit or particle, what has more levels than zero and one?

That thing would happen by using hydrogen atoms. If the atom comes to detector the electron ahead it, the atom would get value 0, if it comes to the sensor or the gate proton ahead, it would get 1 or if it comes that way, that both electron and proton would touch the sensor or gate in the same time, this data transportation particle would get value 2, what makes it operate as the qubit.

But the problem is that we cannot calculate the place of the electron when it orbits the nucleus sharp enough, that the hydrogen atom would reach the gate in a certain position. And that thing would be an extremely difficult and slow method to shoot hydrogen through the gate in the precise right time. But if we could stop the electron, while it orbits the nucleus, that thing would make possible to create the qubit. This thing means that we could simply shoot or transport the atoms through the gate by using extremely high speed, which means that the electron would not have time to move in the orbiter, while it would face the sensor.

So this sensor would be like the gate and the position of the hydrogen atom would determine the level of the qubit. This is one very interesting method to make the quantum computer, and if we could create the singularities across the microprocessor, that thing would make the moving those hydrogen atoms or qubits in the processor easy. But that thing would need little bit advantages, because of the system, where small size black holes are creating the wormholes would be hard to make.