The mysterious shockwaves around the white dwarf surprise astronomers.

“The central square image, taken with the MUSE instrument on ESO’s Very Large Telescope, shows shock waves around the dead star RXJ0528+2838. When a star moves through space, it can push away nearby material, creating a so-called bow shock, which in this image is glowing in red, green, and blue. The colours represent hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen, respectively. “ (ScitechDaily, “We Found Something Never Seen Before” – Mysterious Shock Wave Around Dead Star Surprises Astronomers)

These shocks are usually produced by a strong outflow expelled from the star. However, in the case of RXJ0528+2838 – a white dwarf with a Sun-like companion – astronomers discovered that the shock wave can’t be explained by any known mechanism. Some hidden energy source, perhaps magnetic fields, could be the answer to this mystery. Credit: ESO/K. Ilkiewicz and S. Scaringi et al. Background: PanSTARRS.” (ScitechDaily, “We Found Something Never Seen Before” – Mysterious Shock Wave Around Dead Star Surprises Astronomers)

The form of the shockwave of the white dwarf RXJ0528+2838 is mysterious. Because of its shape. The shape of the shockwave is like a comet. This can tell. This white dwarf is in the middle of the material flow that impacts its pole. The material flow that impacts this white dwarf acts in the same way. As solar wind. Acts when it impacts comets. So. There is. Some kind of material flow. There, the white dwarf RXJ0528+2838 is. This means that there is some kind of effect that puts hydrogen and other material in a flow against this white dwarf. When the high-speed material impacts the pole of the white dwarf. It puts it in a glow. Because of the heat. The problem is, where does that particle flow come from? Those particle flows require something that accelerates them. 

There is a possibility that some of those material flows form. In a thing. Called a plasma generator. When plasma whirls around the iron core, or proton cloud whirls around the electron cloud. Or. Ion plasma whirls around anion plasma. The structure acts like a giant generator. Those plasma whirls, or plasma generators, can form galaxy-size magnetic fields that drive plasma from very large areas. Those electromagnetic fields can cause plasma to move. And that effect can explain why we cannot see the source of the plasma flow, which impacts the white dwarf RXJ0528+2838. 

“Magnetic fields permeate the universe, shaping processes from solar winds to galaxy formation. Yet scientists have long struggled to explain how large, orderly cosmic magnetic fields arise from chaotic turbulence. New simulations reveal a mechanism in which persistent velocity gradients within plasma flows generate organized magnetic structures. Credit: Stock.” (ScitechDaily, Scientists Solve a 70-Year Mystery Behind the Universe’s Strange Magnetic Fields)

Mysterious shockwaves from a white dwarf can open a path for new ideas in physics. When a star like our sun. Uses all its hydrogen. And it ends its career as a star that maintains its nuclear reaction. As. A very thick star known as a white dwarf. In that star, the material of the star. It is pressed into the Earth-sized object, so that gravitation is strong. Those white dwarfs are mainly carbon. And somebody says that those things are Earth-size diamonds. 

The white dwarf pulls matter to its shell like all other gravitational centers. That material forms a plague on the white dwarf’s shell. That plague raises the white dwarf’s mass, and sooner or later, there forms the fusion reaction. The power and cycle of those reactions. Depend. On the white dwarf mass. But it also depends on polarity and the temperature of the plasma. If that nuclear reaction happens homogenously around the white dwarf, it sends shockwaves into the center of the white dwarf. Those shockwaves can also push matter away from the white dwarf’s shell. 

The white dwarf can pull lots of material back to its shell after the final eruption of the star. How much material drops on a white dwarf, depending on how strong the final eruption of the star is. The nova eruption is not as strong as a supernova. When a small star erupts as a nova, the eruption will not push material very far away from the star. And that means lots of particles and gas can fall to the white dwarf. The nuclear reactions on the shell of those stars can be seen as flames or shockwaves. This can explain the shockwaves. That comes from the white dwarf RXJ0528+2838. But. The problem. It is in the asymmetry of those shockwaves. The white dwarf seems to be in a formation. That seems like some kind of solar wind. But where does that flow come from? Maybe. This thing tells about the power of those natural plasma generators. 

https://scitechdaily.com/scientists-solve-a-70-year-mystery-behind-the-universes-strange-magnetic-fields/

https://scitechdaily.com/we-found-something-never-seen-before-mysterious-shock-wave-around-dead-star-surprises-astronomers/

Researchers found a miniature black hole.

"Astronomers using Gaia data have just found a low-mass black hole orbiting a companion star. Credit: WANG Song" (Astronomy.com, Astronomers find a mini black hole)

Today the minimum mass of the black hole is about 2,2 times of the sun. But if the lighter object orbits a high-energy object that energy can transform almost any object in the universe into a black hole. 

"Astronomers have discovered a lightweight black hole that’s a bit of a cosmic conundrum. Hypothetically, black hole masses can range all the way from far less than a paperclip to at least tens of billions of times more than the Sun. But observations have revealed a strange scarcity of black holes between about two and five times the Sun’s mass. Right now, it’s unclear whether these mini black holes are just hard to detect or actually as rare as they seem to be." (Astronomy.com, Astronomers find a mini black hole)

"The newfound black hole could offer clues. It falls right in the middle of the gap, weighing in at about 3.6 solar masses. A team of scientists found it thanks to a bloated companion, a red giant star located about 5,800 light-years from Earth. Though the star is only about 2.7 times as massive as the Sun, it’s around 13 times larger and 100 times brighter. " (Astronomy.com, Astronomers find a mini black hole)

It's possible. That all low-mass black holes are not stable. That means they can vaporize very fast. And that can cause an effect that looks like a supernova, that comes from nowhere. 

Theoretically, a black hole's mass can be anything from an electron to the tens of billions of suns. That theory is almost proven. There are supermassive- medium-mass and stellar-mass black holes.  But the miniature-, or-low mass, and planet mass black holes are missing. The miniature black hole supports the black hole theory. 

Things, like low-mass black holes make things like superstring theory more suitable. In some models, elementary particles are whisk-shaped structures that superstrings are forming. And in some versions of that theory, those superstrings are a series of quantum-size black holes. Those quantum-size black holes are like pearls in necklaces. That thing explains the power of the annihilation reaction. 

The mini black hole is also introduced behind the mysterious gravity effect in our solar system. That makes some researchers believe that there is still an unknown planet lurking in the Kuiper belt. It's possible. Earth-size planets can turn into black holes if they travel through the black hole's relativistic jet. That thing can form the symmetrical energy impulse that presses the planet into the black hole. 

Another suspected place for the black hole is the star system of Epsilon Indi. That star travels very fast around the universe, and it is also a bright X-ray object. That thing makes some people believe, that there is some, maybe a grapefruit-size black hole near that star. 

https://www.astronomy.com/science/astronomers-find-a-mini-black-hole/

J140747B the "Super Saturn" (Could magnetar turn planet or star to a black hole?)

J140747B the "Super Saturn" (Could magnetar turn planet or star to a black hole?)

J140747B is the exoplanet, which orbits the sun-looking star in Centauri constellation. This exoplanet or "brown dwarf" is called as "Saturn with steroids". The nickname for that object is formed because of its very large ring system, what size is about 0,6 AU, and this is the thing, that makes this object so interesting. 

The question, in this case, is, how that exoplanet could be so powerful magnet or gravity field that this kind of phenomenon is forming. And there is given a very good explanation for those very large rings. That explanation is that the nucleus of that planet is hitting extremely high power beta- or commonly saying electron ray, which would increase its rotation speed, and made that huge ring system possible. 

So, if some magnetar or neutron star would send the electron flare to that planet, it could get that magnet field, which is so powerful that it can create that kind of phenomenon. This would happen in the cases, where that kind of electron bursts hits the rocky planets, and that can cause crushing the lithosphere. 

And here we must realize that the gas giants like Saturn are more flexible and they can survive that kind of catastrophe. So what will happen if that kind of electric flare would give steroids to our solar system planets like Saturn or Jupiter? The problem is that if that kind of magnetic flare would hit the Saturn or Jupiter it can turn them to the stars or brown dwarf. And that kind of thing can affect the entire solar system. As an example, the atmosphere of Earth would get warmed, and that causes problems. 

But the thing has brought one thing in the mind of researchers, and that is the possibility that some magnetar would send it's ray to some star, and if that electric shock would be long and high power enough, that thing can cause that the star would blow as the supernova or even turn to black hole.

And the thing is that this kind of eruption can form the planet to a black hole as well as the stars. How long that kind of black hole could live is depending on how much energy it would get. If the small black hole would be alone in the universe it would be steamed and that's why the lifecycle of those light black holes is very short. But if the black hole would be close enough the star, it can get very much fuel, and be exist a long time, or as long as the material of the star would feed that thing. 

This kind of phenomenon could be very unusual in the universe. But when we are thinking the black holes as the centers of the energy, there is a possibility that nano-size black holes are forming all the time because of the electron showers of magnetars and neutron stars. Forming the black hole would happen simply by increase the mass of the object by pumping the electrons to them, and the electron rays of magnetars are very strong. 

But could those black holes danger the life on Earth? The thing is that the life of the small black hole would not take long, but if some ping-pong-ball size black hole would hit the atmosphere of the planet, it would cause a huge explosion. And if it exists only about ten seconds, it can crush the core of Earth, and in the worst-case pull the nucleus of Earth away of the planet. 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1SWASP_J140747.93%E2%88%92394542.6

More about magnetars

More about magnetars

The extremely strong magnetic field with the quite small mass of this strange neutron star type is interesting the astronomers and other researchers. And as I wrote before there could be many reasons for the power of the magnetic field, what is about 1000 times more powerful than the regular neutron stars.

One of the explanations might be that the quite small mass of the magnetars is causing the effect, where the core of the neutron star would rotate faster than other neutron stars. The magnet field of the neutron star is forming by the same way with a generator, and the fast rotating core of the neutron star is causing the high-power magnetic field.

The rotation would happen because the material would drop to the surface of a neutron star, and because of the high-gravity level, the mass is touching the surface of the neutron stars with very high speed. And that releases very much impact energy, what is causing the heating of the mass, and also the high temperature with pressure, which is forming because the strong gravity would there also be the nuclear reactions in the material, what is touching the surface of this giant neutron.

The gravity field of this article would be extremely strong because all the mass of the star has been pressed to the particle, which is about 20 kilometers size. Sometimes some scientists have thought that the neutron star would turn to black holes in every case. But the magnetars might make an exception. Very high power bursts of gamma, X-ray and radio waves would cause that the magnetars would vaporize in a very short time. So what makes those magnetars so special?

The idea is that maybe magnetars are the collapsed stars, what mass is the border case. The star is just too big to create the white dwarf, and hardly enough to create the neutron star after the supernova. So the magnetars might be the "light neutron stars". Too heavy to be the white dwarf, but too light to create the stable neutron star, and this borderline case would create magnetar, the short-living neutron star, what might also have a goal to transform to a black hole.

Another explanation for magnetar is some of those neutron stars are collapsing to quark stars, and then to black holes. That means that there could be many types of magnetars, light and heavy versions of that phenomenon.

The radiation transforming from gamma- to X-ray tells about the change of the form of a magnetar. 

There are explanations that the magnetars would vaporize, but the changing of the radiation from gamma to X-ray tells that there would be changes in the form of the object and the changes of the energy level of those violent reactions. There have been theories that only black holes can send X-rays and the transformation of the radiation tells that the power of reactions would increase.

The X-ray impulses would tell that the magnetar is transforming into another type of object, where reactions would release even more energy than the bursts of magnetars.  And maybe the object is turning to thinner particle, what has more powerful gravity and magnet field than some neutron star.

Because "light" magnetars have the mass about 3-4 times the sun, that would make the outer layer of the neutron star rotating faster than a normal neutron star, where the gravity field would press the neutron star very thin, and that would slow the rotation speed of the outer layer. And the rotation speed of the outer layer determines how strong would the magnet field.

Even if magnetars have weaker gravity field than normal neutron stars the speed of the outer layer would increase to the levels, what we ever could imagine. And that thing causes that the star would pull plasma on its surface by using magnet field. When the material would hit to the surface, it would push the outer layer of the neutron star to rotate, and every each particle what will touch the neutron star would increase the rotation speed of this object.

When the material would touch the surface of the neutron stars, that would cause a similar fusion reaction, what happens in the normal star, but it happens on the surface of a neutron star. Then the ions would start to travel to the polar of that object, and those particles are forming electron or proton jettisons, and this is making them pulsars. But a small part of material would stay on the surface of a neutron star, and sooner or later that plack would collapse causing the thing, what is called as gamma- or X-ray bursts.

"Kugelbliz" or "cosmic snail" could someday take mankind to the star, and even transport the entire planet to another solar system.

"Kugelbliz" or "cosmic snail" could someday take mankind to the star, and even transport the entire planet to another solar system.

What if we would increase the mass of spacecraft, and make time moving slower inside the craft? There are some theories, that if the spacecraft is targeted with electromagnetic radiation or electron beams, the craft itself can turn to the black hole, which allows traveling with huge distances. This black hole could be made by using heat, some other electromagnetic radiation, photons or electrons.

Have you ever hear the "Kugelblitz"(German: "ball lightning") spacecraft? The spacecraft what can travel between the stars in the human lifetime. "Kugelblitz" is one of the most extraordinary spacecraft in the world. The idea of this craft is creating the artificial black hole inside the craft, which means that the "Kugelblitz" spacecraft turns itself to the black hole, and this effect would slowing the time or turns the spacecraft to singularity. 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kugelblitz_(astrophysics)

But there is another version of this "Kugelbliz" craft, and it is called the "cosmic snail". The "cosmic snail" is because there is the particle accelerator around the spacecraft. Then the craft would be accelerated to the speed of light by using antimatter and photon rockets, and after that, the spacecraft would turn on its particle accelerator, which will make possible to cross the speed of the light.

There are many theoretical versions of the spacecraft, which could cross the cosmic speed limit, and the idea is that what if the energy level or mass of the craft would be increased in the right moment. One of the ideas is that the craft would accelerate in the speed, what is 99,99% of the speed of the light, and then the electron or laser ray would target that spacecraft. Accelerating to that speed would take tens of years. 

The increasing the mass must be done carefully. In this case, the craft would orbit our solar system outside the trajectory of the most distant planets. The speed would be increased by using antimatter, and in the last period by photon rockets to the so high speed, what is possible.

And then the craft would travel across the high-power radio field, what transforms it to singularity.  The thing what makes those spacecraft things, which can make possible to create them only in the future is that they would need extraordinary lots of energy, that we cannot create those energy levels by using all energy, what the human race can produce. But let's go back to the "Kugelblitz".

The artificial black hole can be created by surrounding the object by using symmetrically positioned satellites, which would pump the electron rays to the particle. And there is an extraordinary vision, how we could someday transfer the planet Earth to another place or solar system by using this technology. The idea is that the entire planet would be covered by using artificial core, what is so big, that it can close the entire planet with an atmosphere inside it. 

An artificial core what could be made by using the material, what is taken from the asteroids would be equipped with giant alp sun lights, which allows the life continuing inside the core. Those lights would get the energy from the volcanic or geothermal heat and nuclear reactors, what are outside the core. And when the planet would be moved, the energy of the entire star would be targeted to that planet's core.

The star which is growing to a red giant would be covered by satellites, what will turn its radiation to radiowaves, what will send to another satellite group, what will start to deliver the high-power radio transmitted to the core, what would turn the singularity, and if the oscillation of the black hole or singularity would be the same with some other black hole, the planet would be positioned to orbit another star. But in fact, this kind of theories can be made in practice after thousands of years.

More information Internet: "Kugelblitz"