Barnard’s Star’s planets are weirder and more hostile than. Nobody expected.

“Artist’s illustration of exoplanets orbiting Barnard’s Star. Credit: International Gemini Observatory/NOIRLab/NSF/AURA/P. Marenfeld” (ScitechDaily, These Nearby Alien Planets Are Stranger – and More Hostile – Than Expected)

Barnard’s Star is a small red dwarf. Slightly larger than Jupiter. The size of Barnard’s Star is two times that of Jupiter. But its mass is 150 times bigger. The age of that star is about 10 billion years.  Barnard’s Star has four planets. Those planets are sub-Earths. Mass between Venus and Mars. Those sub-Earths have weaker gravity. And Barnard’s Star's massive mass eruptions could reach their surface. If. Those planets have an atmosphere. They must have strong magnetic fields. That magnetic field should be as strong as. It drives those mass eruptions away from their surface and atmosphere. If those mass eruptions impact a planet’s atmosphere, they wipe it out into space immediately. 

“Just under six light-years from Earth, Barnard’s Star hosts four small worlds unlike any planet in our own Solar System. The nearby star, second only to Alpha Centauri in proximity to the Sun, now has its most detailed planetary profile yet.”(ScitechDaily, These Nearby Alien Planets Are Stranger – and More Hostile – Than Expected)

“All four planets, discovered in 2025, are smaller than Earth and Venus but larger than Mars. No planet within that size range exists in the Solar System.”(ScitechDaily, These Nearby Alien Planets Are Stranger – and More Hostile – Than Expected)

There are discussions about whether those planets' mass is enough to cause the wobbling movement of Barnard’s Star. Or could there be some more massive object that hides somewhere near that star? Sometimes that wobbling movement is explained as a rocket effect from those mass eruptions from that red dwarf. But legend remains. 

“Size comparison between Jupiter, Barnard's Star, and the Sun”. (Wikipedia, Barnard's Star)

"Barnard's Star has a mass of about 0.16 solar masses (M☉), and a radius about 0.2 times that of the Sun. Thus, although Barnard's Star has roughly 150 times the mass of Jupiter (MJ), its radius is only roughly twice as large, due to its much higher density. Its effective temperature is about 3,220 kelvin, and it has a luminosity of only 0.0034 solar luminosities. Barnard's Star is so faint that if it were at the same distance from Earth as the Sun is, it would appear only 100 times brighter than a full moon, comparable to the brightness of the Sun at 80 astronomical units." (Wikipedia, Barnard's Star)

"Barnard's Star has 10–32% of the solar metallicity. Metallicity is the proportion of stellar mass made up of elements heavier than helium and helps classify stars relative to the galactic population. Barnard's Star seems to be typical of the old, red dwarf population II stars, yet these are also generally metal-poor halo stars. While sub-solar, Barnard's Star's metallicity is higher than that of a halo star and is in keeping with the low end of the metal-rich disk star range; this, plus its high space motion, has led to the designation "intermediate population II star", between a halo and disk star. However, some recently published scientific papers have given much higher estimates for the metallicity of the star, very close to the Sun's level, between 75 and 125% of the solar metallicity." (Wikipedia, Barnard's Star)

They are more hostile than people thought. The superflares from that small red dwarf are impacting those planets. The age of that small star is about two times that of the Sun. But its small size makes it unstable. The planets must orbit it very close. And that means their surface is under a heavy particle bombardment. Radiation from Barnard’s Star is far on the red side of the electromagnetic spectrum. This means that Barnard’s Star transmits more IR radiation than the Sun. 

Those planets, if they are in the habitable zone. They are under heavy radiation because their dayside is locked to that star. The fact is that. Life as we know it on those planets is impossible. The red dwarfs. They might have habitable planets. But Barnard’s Star is not one of those stars. There, lifeforms as a form. As we know. Are possible. Those planets. And their tiny star. They are so different from Earth. That life as we know it could be possible. 

Then we must realize. That. Those red dwarf stars and their planets are so weird. 

That we cannot make any common models for those planets. Or. Maybe. We should say that the Sun is so weird. That we cannot make models for the most common star type in the universe. So, the locked planets are a more common planet type in the habitable zone. Barnard star. It was the first candidate star. That reseachers predicted. To host exoplanets. 

 The proper motion of that star is wobbling. That means that astronomers have believed Barnard’s Star could host a solar system since the 1960s. First reseachers thought that there was some kind of. Super-Earth. Orbiting that red dwarf. But then those suspicions vanished. Until. Those four super-Earths were found in 2025.

“Artist's conception of a planet in orbit around a red dwarf” (Wikipedia, Barnard’s Star)

 “Barnard's Star has been subject to multiple claims of planets that were later disproven. From the early 1960s to the early 1970s, Peter van de Kamp argued that planets orbited Barnard's Star. His specific claims of large gas giants were refuted in the mid-1970s after much debate. In November 2018, a candidate super-Earth planetary companion was reported to orbit Barnard's Star. It was believed to have a minimum mass of 3.2 M🜨 and orbit at 0.4 AU. However, work presented in July 2021 refuted the existence of this planet” (Wikipedia, Barnard’s Star)

We must realize. That van der Kamp. He was a trained astronomer. Who had the right to believe in the existence. Van der Kamp was wrong about those planets’ size. Confirmed planets were small sub-Earths. But those planets are very close to Barnard’s Star. That means friction from that star’s atmosphere should slow those planets’ speed. That means those planets could fall to that red dwarf. So could there be some “favorable Jupiter” outside that solar system? The favorable Jupiter means a massive object that stabilizes those planets’ trajectory. That object’s distance depends on its mass. 

So, if the mass of “favorable Jupiter” is two times Jupiter's. That means it orbits at a distance of two times Jupiter's distance. This distance also depends on the mass of the central star. This means that if the favorable Jupiter is at a very long distance from its star. That means its temperature is very low. And the red dwarf’s radiation impacts that hypothetical planet. It's very weak. Its temperature would be just higher. Than. absolute zero, or zero kelvin. 

The existence of those exoplanets was confirmed in 2025. Those four planets are larger than Mars. But smaller than Venus. There is a lot of magnesium in that solar system. When. We say something about a planet’s possible lifeforms. And how habitable those planets really are. We must say that if some planet seems hostile to humans. That planet is not hostile to creatures. That formed there. Even the most hellish planet is paradise for its endemic species. And here I don’t mean intelligent species. 

https://scitechdaily.com/these-nearby-alien-planets-are-stranger-and-more-hostile-than-expected/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barnard%27s_Star

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barnard's_Star_b

2024 article. Published just before those exoplanets were found. 

https://www.astronomy.com/science/discovery-of-a-tiny-exoplanet-sheds-new-light-on-a-very-old-star/

2018 article: Interesting information about the search for Barnard B. 

https://www.astronomy.com/science/the-complicated-history-of-planets-around-barnards-star/

The exoplanet GJ 215 c. Can host lifeforms in the future.

 

“An international team of scientists dubbed the exoplanet, named GJ 251 c, a “super-Earth” as data suggest it has a rocky composition similar to Earth and is almost four times as massive. Credit: Illustration by University of California, Irvine.” (ScitechDaily, Astronomers Discover Potentially Habitable “Super-Earth” Just 18 Light-Years Away)

The new exoplanet. From 18 ly. away from Earth, can have liquid water on its surface. The exoplanet  GJ (Gliese) 251 c orbits the M-class star in a potentially habitable zone. The  GJ 251 c is a massive super-Earth that orbits the star GJ 215. That star has a spectral classification of M3V, and its age is about 6,6 GYR (Gigayears). Or, a simpler saying. 6,6 billion years. This means that. This M3V is still in its flare period. And there might not be lifeforms. On that exoplanet. Life formation begins after the flare period. The GJ 215 has two exoplanets. GJ 215b, whose mass is ≥ 3.85+0.35−0.33 Earth masses. And GJ 215 c, whose mass is ≥3.84±0.75 Earth masses. 

This means lifeforms start to advance later than on planets. That orbit the Sun (G2) type stars. But otherwise, the red dwarfs can live Tens to hundreds of billions of years. That means life has more time to advance on those planets than on planets that orbit G2V-type stars. In the future. The GJ215c might host. 

Even intelligent lifeforms.  But today, its star is too unstable for that. Those hypothetical civilizations require more mature stars. The problem with the red dwarf planets and technocivilization. This is how long radioactive isotopes can exist on those planets. There is a possibility that some of those planets run out of their fissile material. 

And their cores start to cool. That cooling process destroys the planet’s magnetic field. Those super-Earths that orbit M-type stars give a hint. About the possibility of lifeforms. Those super-Earths with a dense atmosphere can host life, but the star must be mature enough that it has ended its flare period. Those flares that the young red dwarfs create. It can raise. Those planets' temperatures. Into thousands of degrees. 

The atmosphere of those locked planets smooths their atmosphere’s temperature. All red dwarf-star planets that are in the habitable zone are locked. The tidal forces from the star lock the planet into position. There, it turns the same side to that star all the time. There is forever night in the side that is away from its star. And the other side is burning hot. The water and atmosphere, along with clouds, can smooth that effect. But that requires. The star will not create. It's flares anymore. 

https://science.nasa.gov/exoplanet-catalog/gj-251-c/

https://scitechdaily.com/astronomers-discover-potentially-habitable-super-earth-just-18-light-years-away/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gliese_251

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stellar_classification

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun

Life ingredients found far away from our galaxy.

"The star is situated not far from the Tarantula Nebula, and the ultraviolet light spewed by its baby stars. (X-ray: NASA/CXC/Penn State Univ./L. Townsley et al.; IR: NASA/ESA/CSA/STScI/JWST ERO Production Team) (Science Alert, Life's Ingredients Found Frozen Beyond The Milky Way For First Time)

"For the first time, astronomers have seen life's building blocks in ice beyond the borders of our galaxy. Among a mix of complex organic molecules trapped in ice circling a newborn star in the Large Magellanic Cloud, researchers found ethanol, acetaldehyde, and methyl formate – compounds that have never before been spotted in ice form outside the Milky Way.Moreover, another identified compound, acetic acid, has never before been conclusively identified in ice anywhere in space." (Science Alert, Life's Ingredients Found Frozen Beyond The Milky Way For First Time)

"The discovery, led by astrophysicist Marta Sewiło of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center and the University of Maryland, suggests that the ingredients for the chemistry that gives birth to life are widespread and robust across the cosmos, and not limited to our own galaxy." (Science Alert, Life's Ingredients Found Frozen Beyond The Milky Way For First Time)

"For a century, astronomers have been studying Barnard’s Star in the hope of finding planets around it. First discovered by E. E. Barnard at Yerkes Observatory in 1916, it is the nearest single star system to Earth. Now, astronomers have discovered four sub-Earth exoplanets orbiting the star. One of the planets is the least massive exoplanet ever discovered using the radial velocity technique, indicating a new benchmark for discovering smaller planets around nearby stars. Credit: International Gemini Observatory/NOIRLab/NSF/AURA/P. Marenfeld" (ScitechDaily, Four Tiny Planets Discovered Near Earth, After Century-Long Search)

Those life ingredients were found near a star in the Large Magellanic Cloud. But that causes an idea. Could there be rogue stars or even rogue planetary systems that travel in intergalactic space? 

Space autoside galaxies are freezing. Intergalactic space is one of the frontiers. That has not been researched yet. There is material. And maybe lone stars, like small red dwarfs, that are fleeing from galaxies. The question is, how long can those stars exist? There is a minimum radiation pressure, and the difference between temperatures on the star’s surface and its environment is far higher than in galaxies. Because there is no starwind or ion flow that travels between stars, that means there is no impact wave between those hypothetical solar systems and the star. 

That means the resistance of the energy flow out from those hypothetical stars outside galaxies and star clusters is minimal. So, there is a possibility that those stars will detonate quite soon. That is one of the most exciting visions that we can imagine. What if those stars really exist? There are stars in dwarf galaxies and star clusters around galaxies like the Milky Way. But can there be lonely red dwarfs outside star clusters and dwarf galaxies? If they exist, those stars would be very hard to detect. 

Researchers found life ingredients outside our galaxy. Those ingredients were found in the icy nebula, in the freezing ice, where the temperature is hardly above zero K. This means that. Those chemical compounds cannot form in that ice. There is always a possibility that a supernova explosion throws that ice away from the galaxy. In this hypothesis. Ice can be a remnant of a water planet. The supernova detonation crushed. There is a possibility that water ice can form in space. 

"The location of the star ST6 within the Large Magellanic Cloud. The JWST image of ST6 is inset bottom right. (NASA/ESA/CSA/JPL-Caltech/M. Sewiło et al., 2025)" (Science Alert, Life's Ingredients Found Frozen Beyond The Milky Way For First Time)

An illustration of some of the detected COMs in the ice coating on a grain of dust. (NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center) (Science Alert, Life's Ingredients Found Frozen Beyond The Milky Way For First Time)

"Size comparison between Jupiter, Barnard's Star, and the Sun." (Wikipedia, Barnard's Star)

The red dwarf’s problem: all red dwarfs near us are very young. 

The shockwave from the supernova explosion or some other high-energy reaction. It can push hydrogen and oxygen atoms together. And in that model, there is no need for planets where water ice can form. But the thing that makes those life ingredients so interesting is that on Earth, they form in the cell metabolism. Those chemical compounds that we think of as life ingredients. They are always interesting. Those icy nebulae involve life ingredients. Cause thoughts. Could life itself be a quite usual thing in the universe? Could intelligent civilizations be less usual events than we think? If there are lifeforms. Most of them are quite primitive. The red dwarf can exist for over ten trillion years, and life has time to advance on those stars. Mature red dwarfs. It can have intelligent lifeforms. 

On planets that orbit it. The problem is that there are no very old red dwarfs near our solar system. The three most well-known red dwarfs, Proxima Centauri, Bernard’s star, and Wolf 359, are very young. Their ages are a maximum of 10 billion years, which is the age of Bernard’s star. And that age is very short. If we think that a red dwarf can exist for 10 trillion years. Proxima Centauri is the same age as our Sun, and Wolf 359 is a very young star. 

Life on red dwarf planets might be something that we have ever thought of before. The red dwarfs are flare stars. But that is only one period of those stars’ lives. The Sun can live 10 billion years. The red dwarf can exist for even over ten trillion years. This means life has more time to advance near those strange stars. The Proxima Centauri. As an example. It is about 5 billion years old. That means it's about the same age as our sun. But Proxima Centauri can live or exist. Even billions of years. So, Proxima Centauri is very young. If we compare its existence with its predicted lifetime. Another close red dwarf, Bernard’s Star, is about 10 billion years old. That red dwarf. That is slightly larger than Jupiter. 

Has four exoplanets. The third interesting red dwarf, Wolf 359, has no known planetary system. That red dwarf is about 0,1-1,5 billion years old. So, there is no planet formation possible near that very small red dwarf. Wolf 359 is at the beginning of its life, and it's in the most sensitive flare period. Life is a complicated thing. And that means there are many things that can cause destruction. Cosmic catastrophes can destroy the entire planet. Before it can form. Or some flare eruption can sterilize the planet. But that requires. The flare hits the planet directly. 

https://www.sciencealert.com/lifes-ingredients-found-frozen-beyond-the-milky-way-for-first-time

https://scitechdaily.com/four-tiny-planets-discovered-near-earth-after-century-long-search/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barnard%27s_Star

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proxima_Centauri

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_dwarf

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolf_359

Astronomers found Bernard star's planets after a 100-year hunt.

"For a century, astronomers have been studying Barnard’s Star in the hope of finding planets around it. First discovered by E. E. Barnard at Yerkes Observatory in 1916, it is the nearest single star system to Earth. Now, using in part the Gemini North telescope, one half of the International Gemini Observatory, partly funded by the U.S. National Science Foundation and operated by NSF NOIRLab, astronomers have discovered four sub-Earth exoplanets orbiting the star. " (ScitechDaily, After 100 Years of Searching, Astronomers Confirm Four Planets at Barnard’s Star)

"One of the planets is the least massive exoplanet ever discovered using the radial velocity technique, indicating a new benchmark for discovering smaller planets around nearby stars. Credit: International Gemini Observatory/NOIRLab/NSF/AURA/P. Marenfeld" (ScitechDaily, After 100 Years of Searching, Astronomers Confirm Four Planets at Barnard’s Star)

"This illustration shows Barnard's star, with the correct size and temperature/color, as orbited by the four recently confirmed exoplanets around it. All four exoplanets are close in, with orbits ranging from 2.3 to 6.7 days, and small in mass: between 0.17 and 0.34 Earth masses." (BigThink, Confirmed at last: exoplanets found around nearest single star) (Zoom image)

"Throughout most of the history of astronomy, we knew only of the planets in our own Solar System; the presence or absence of planets around other stars could not be determined. Although the first planets beyond our Solar System, exoplanets, were discovered in 1992, several “false detections,” including around the nearest singlet star to our own, Barnard’s star, came earlier. In 2018, another “false” exoplanet around Barnard’s star was announced, and then refuted in 2021. But now, at last, we’ve found Barnard star’s elusive exoplanets, and they have so much to teach us." BigThink, Confirmed at last: exoplanets found around nearest single star)

Bernard's star has four planets. All of them are sub-earth planets, smaller than Earth. Bernard's star is a very small red dwarf. It's the closest single star to the Sun. 

Slightly larger than Jupiter. And that means the small planets can be seen against that planet. The red dwarf is very close to Earth. The distance between the Sun and Bernard's star is 5.9629 light years. 

Bernard's star is the fourth known individual star. Three components of Alpha Centauri are closer to it. Close distance and dim light make it possible to see those planets when they travel over the star.  And that helps to find those four planets. 

"This artist’s impression shows Barnard b, a sub-Earth-mass planet that was discovered orbiting Barnard’s star. Its signal was detected with the ESPRESSO instrument on ESO’s Very Large Telescope (VLT), and astronomers were able to confirm it with data from other instruments. An earlier promising detection in 2018 around the same star could not be confirmed by these data. On this newly discovered exoplanet, which has at least half the mass of Venus but is too hot to support liquid water, a year lasts just over three Earth days." (Wikipedia, Barnard's Star b)

About 100 years astronomers knew that Bernard's star proprietary movement was wobbling. And that gave the possibility that there are planets around that star. And now astronomers confirmed those planet's existence. Those four planets are revolutionary because they have been hunted for so long. They are also smaller than Earth. 

And now we know the solar system. That has four smaller planets than Earth. All of those planets are very small. And that makes them interesting. The sub-earth existence around that star means that there can be more surprises around red dwarfs. That means there can also be sub-earths in well-known exoplanet systems. 

When we think about Earth and our own solar system we always forget that the Earth is the largest of rocky planets. Only gas giants are larger than Earth. And all other rocky planets are smaller than Earth. This is one way. We can see things when we think about exoplanets. 

https://bigthink.com/starts-with-a-bang/confirmed-exoplanets-nearest-single-star/

https://scitechdaily.com/after-100-years-of-searching-astronomers-confirm-four-planets-at-barnards-star/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barnard%27s_Star

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barnard%27s_Star_b

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_nearest_stars

Another visitor comes to our solar system

Another visitor comes to our solar system

Comet or Asteroid 2I/Borisov is the second interstellar object, that arrives at our solar system. The trajectory of that comet or particle has been calculated back to the red dwarf system, which is known as Krueger 60, and if the spectrum analysis of that particle matches with Oamuamua, that means that there was happened something in the Krueger 60 system, or somewhere else. 

The thing is that we cannot possibly calculate the trajectory of that particle before it was left the Krueger 60 system. The reason for that is also the red dwarf star would act as the gravity sling and turn the route of the particle. 

And the origin of that asteroid can be tracked by "simply" making the spectroscopic analysis of the dust, what orbits Krueger 60 star. If there are similarities with the spectrum of those particles of the dust and asteroids, what is orbiting the Krueger 60 and the incoming particle, the origin of those particles would be confirmed as Krueger 60. But if there are differences between the elements of Krueger 60, Oamuamua and the 2I/Borisov means that the objects are leaving from some other solar system, or they are from some different places. 

And if two similar asteroids are coming to our solar system that would tell that there is some kind of eruption happened in some solar system. One of the most fascinating ideas would be that some nova or supernova eruption has broken some planet, and those two asteroids or comets would be from the same point in our galaxy. Or by the way, who told that those particles are coming from our galaxy? 

One of the most fascinating theories is that those particles could come from another galaxy. In this case, the giant black hole would send those asteroids on the journey, and then after billions of years the particles would arrive at Krueger 60 system, and then the gravity sling would turn their road to our solar system. But the thing is that this kind of thing is full of theories, and we cannot even imagine, where the interstellar particles would come from. 

Those particles can travel billions of years, and nobody knows, would some things like cosmic radiation and other energy eruptions affect the trajectory of what those particles have traveled in the space. Even if the movement of trajectory is about a millionth of degrees, that thing has to affect if the particle would travel billions of years. And that's why the calculation of the beginning of the journey is very difficult and confirming the results is even more difficult. 

https://www.space.com/mysterious-comet-interstellar-krueger-borisov.html?utm_source=notification

The planet hunter's problem

The planet hunter's problem

Planet hunting is the thing, what might help humans to find another civilization, and that is the thing, what makes this science so interesting. And the planet hunters have many problems in their work, and one is that the stars, what is capable to have the planet, what have similar lifeforms with Earth are quite bright. The reason, why we are looking for similar lifeforms is that those aliens could communicate with us easily if they have a similar form as we have, but the thing is that even if those hypothetical humanoids are looking like us, they might not be like us.

The problem is that we cannot even think where to find those humanoids. We don't have a single observation of the other planets, what are in the habitable zone near the star, what is like our sun. If humanoids would be different than we are, we might not understand them, if they would even want to make contact. Or if they would be similar to us, there is a possibility, that they could be hostile.

In some theories, the humanoids could even act here as European colonialists act in South-America and Polynesia. But we don't have a single officially confirmed attempts to be contacted by aliens, and if we would someday get a message from the other civilization, we must think very carefully, what we will do? Do we answer or play def? And who we would inform at that moment?

Would it be the President Of The United States or would it be the general secretary of the United Nations? And should we tell that thing to a great audience, and how we would guarantee, that some people would not send some "practical joke" to those hypothetical humanoids. And the thing is that every astronomer would want to find another civilization, but at the same time, the thing causes horrible visions about this kind of scenarios.

What if humanoids would take Earth under their control and start to use humans as cattle. Or what if the humanoids would use our planet as the zoo, where other species could observe primitive life forms. That scenario introduced on the Internet, and that brings interesting things in the mind.

The bright star blinds the telescopes when they are searching planets, and if the Earth-sized planet travels at the front of the bright star, the changes of the brightness of that star are so minimum, that it is difficult to notice. The artificial intelligence might search for the planet by observing the changes of brightness, and then if the changes of brightness have sequences, that thing tells, that there is the orbiting planet in that solar system.

That is a thing, what would be a problem if the star is like our sun. If we think about the planet, what has a similar atmosphere with Earth, the orbiting time would be quite long and finding those changes of brightness would need very intensive search and observations of that star, and when the star is very big, there would not be any changes in its trajectory, when it travels through galaxy. This is the reason, why we have found many solar systems what are orbiting the red dwarfs, but we have problems to find planets in the near of the yellow stars.

The solar systems would not cause errors in the specific movement of the star, and that's why we have problems to choose targets for intensive observations. When we are thinking, what we should find near those stars, we must find so-called "favorable Jupiter". That means that if we are looking for small planets near some star, we must find a bigger planet, calculate its mass, and then start to search other planets in the distance of Kepler's radius.

The thing is that we should not look for the copy of Jupiter and if the mass of the planet is two times Jupiter's mass, the distance of the planet must be two times of the distance of Jupiter if we would think, that it might have the same effect, what the Jupiter has in our solar system. And in fact, the red dwarf or some other star would act as the "favorable Jupiter" in that solar system. The planets would form in the Kepler's radius or Lagrange points between the star and "favorable Jupiter".

And at the first is forming a planet, which makes two other Kepler's radius to the star and the "favorable Jupiter. The forming of the solar system is not so easy to explain. And the stars can also pull or rob the planets from other solar systems, while they pass each other. But the "favorable Jupiter", what might be the brown dwarf is telling that there could be planets in that solar system because the object would not send light all the time.

But if that massive object is too heavy, it can turn the entire solar system to orbit it. And this thing has caused the idea of "Pandora", the Earth-size moon, what might orbit some brown dwarf in the habitable zone. But this thing is the topic of some other writing. Here I just wanted to tell, that also the moons of the planets might have living habitats.

If we would find that kind of moon, we might be closer to find another intelligent civilization. But the thing is that if we would find it someday, the Earth would not be the same place anymore. And that thing could be the threat and opportunity at the same time. But the thing is that we should search that species very careful because the situation would turn dangerous.

Horus, one of the eldest gods of ancient Egypt

Image:Pinterest

Horus, one of the eldest gods of ancient Egypt

Is the image over the head of Horus  the sun,  some other red star, grapefruit or watermelon? That's an interesting question.

Above this text is the image of Horus, one of the gods of ancient Egypt, and there is a couple of remarkable details of the stories about this god and this image. Above this character, what portrays Horus, is the red ring, where is an overhang on the left side of it, and this red ring or the ball is claimed to portray the red star, like a red dwarf. Somebody sees this red ring as the red giant star, and that is the reason, why some people have believed that Horus came from another planet. Other people see something else in this red area.

Some people see that red area as the grapefruit or watermelon, and those fruits would be extremely important because they are a good source for the vitamin C. Without C-vitamin the people would get scurvy, and if the army would have this disease, they could not fight. Those fruits are good vitamin source, and the juice, what those fruits product is good to drink in the hot desert. That juice would be easy to store, and it would keep a crew of pharaoh wealthy.

Horus-god is one of the eldest Egyptian gods and the tale about the born of this god has many similarities with Jesus. That makes Horus very interesting character, and when we are thinking the virginal born of this god, and the character as the human, what has the head of the Eagle, we must remember that if that character portrays some high-ranking official of ancient Egypt, the real identity of this person would know the only couple of persons.

That means that when some people talked about "Horus", the official would take the notebook from the pocket, and looks at who this "Horus" is in this time. So that thing, that the Egyptian gods were portrayed with heads of animals made possible to hide their identity, and maybe the "god" meant something or somebody, who has extreme superior of power in that society. 

But when we are thinking that Horus was born virginal way, we must remember one of the most important rules in the research. That rule is that we just cannot expect something if we haven't considered all sides of the story, and maybe there are something explanations of this character, which makes this character more natural than some space aliens. And the thing, what we must realize is that is it possible that the Horus is born as the test tube child.

This thing is that if we would want to create pharaoh, who has no connections with regular people, we would create the artificial child, who would plant and born from some animal. The thing is that the immune defense of animals like cows can be destroyed, and that would be guaranteed that the pharaoh doesn't have a relationship with families or anybody who is outside of place. That makes easier to control that person. But this writing is only the thinking about things like, what made pharaoh so special?