Researchers created an artificial cell that can move using its own chemical reactions.

Self-replicating machines, or Von Neumann machines, are artificial cells. 

The artificial cell, or biological nanomachine, is an organic structure that can make a copy of itself using polymerase reactions. So, we can say that the polymerase molecules that can duplicate themselves are the artificial cells. The nanopolymer that can self-replicate is the simplest possible artificial cell. If that kind of polymer travels in the desired cells, it can simply fill those cells. That means those molecules act like ricin. The nanomachine can also destroy the cell so that the gangrene will not spread. 

Those organic polymers can also be used to close blood vessels. In ideal cases, those molecules can make copies of themselves using molecules that are in their environment. So the nanomachine can benefit similar proteins that form cells. That makes those polymers suitable for surgical operations. But those things can also have military applications. The artificial cell can produce those molecules. The cell can release them through its ion pump. 

"The terms "artificial cell" and "synthetic cell" are used in a variety of different fields and can have different meanings, as it is also reflected in the different sections of this article. Some stricter definitions are based on the assumption that the term "cell" directly relates to biological cells and that these structures therefore have to be alive (or part of a living organism) and, further, that the term "artificial" implies that these structures are artificially built from the bottom-up, i.e. from basic components. As such, in the area of synthetic biology, an artificial cell can be understood as a completely synthetically made cell that can capture energy, maintain ion gradients, contain macromolecules as well as store information and have the ability to replicate. This kind of artificial cell has not yet been made." (Wikipedia, Artificial cell) 

That is the nanotechnical version of the artificial cells. Technology advances, and AI can read DNA quite well. That means the DNA-controlled nanomachines, like cells that produce medicines, travel in the body, search for the right cells, and then inject those medicines into targeted cells, can be a reality quite soon. Those cells might have a self-destruction mode. When they do their mission, they will destroy themselves. Those cells might not have the ability to decay. But there is always the possibility that some retrovirus can destroy that self-destruction mechanism. 

The macro-size version of those things is the automated factory that uses robot swarms and robot groups to make a copy of itself. Those automated, AI-controlled systems can play a vital role in space exploration. 

The automated factory utilizes robots to source materials for new robots and other products that can be manufactured using advanced 3D printers. That system can create a fully functioning copy of itself. So that means the Von Neumann machines, or self-replicating machines, are some kind of macro cells. The nano-sized artificial cell is the nano-sized Von Neumann machine. 

But the artificial cell can also mean that DNA is cleaned of unnecessary sequences. That means those artificial cells can make only things that their creators want. The artificial cell can create many things, like artificial spider silk, which is one of the strongest materials in nature. The hollow fiber of nanosilk can be used to destroy targeted cells. Those nano-silk fibers can lock the targeted cells' ion pumps. Or they can be used to inject things like biologically produced medicines into the desired cells.  Artificial cells are like physical versions of distilled AI. Those cells can do only things that their creators want. 

The polymerase chain reactions make it possible to create lots of those systems. The self-replicating molecules can make new types of medicine possible. And they can also be used in self-assembly structures. But the artificial cells required outside energy sources, until now. The internal power source makes those cells more independent. That allows them to travel in the body and search for things like bacteria and cancer cells. 

https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/first-artificial-cell-chemical-navigation

https://phys.org/news/2025-05-artificial-cell-mimic-reproduction-polymeric.html

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_cell

The new sensors can revolutionize robotics.

"Researchers developed an electronic tongue that can identify various liquid samples using artificial intelligence. When asked to define its own assessment parameters, the AI could more accurately interpret the data generated by the electronic tongue. Credit: Saptarshi Das Lab/Penn State" (ScitechDaily, Researchers Create AI-Powered Electronic Tongue To Detect Food Freshness and Safety Instantly)

Researchers created an AI-powered tongue that detects tastes like a real tongue. That makes it possible to analyze food and detect chemicals and other things in the food. 

The artificial tongue can also detect the taste of the food. As we know it. It can observe the quality of the food in shops and restaurants. That allows the system to make the taste analysis without danger to anybody's health. 

That thing allows customers to see, if they like food or not. The system can work like this: the user can teach that system what does this person like. Or what tastes that person hates. 

Then the system can send the data to the artificial tongue that is in the shop or restaurant. 

That system can make robots taste things like poisonous chemicals from the air, ground, and water. 

That system can tell the customer if the food is something that this person likes. The AI-controlled tongue can also detect poisonous chemicals. That system can send a sense of taste to the robot's user. And that makes the remote-controlled spy robots more human-shaped 

"The image shows an illustration of a triangline nanomechanical resonator realized in a piezoelectric material. The central part of the resonator is shaped like a triangle that moves up and down and at the same time acts as a mirror to reflect a laser beam. The resonator is suspended by thin tethers, which are branched to minimize the loss of mechanical energy from the triangline’s movement. Credit: Chalmers University of Technology, Boid" (ScitechDaily, From Tuning Forks to Quantum Sensing: How Nanomechanical Resonators Are Transforming Technology)

The artificial sense of touch can robots more powerful. The nano-oscillators can make the artificial sense of touch possible. Robots can use that thing to feel the merchandise. 

The nanosensors can also installed in space suits. And that thing helps the astronaut to use the tools. 

Developers can use nanosensors that detect the touch to protect space probes. Those sensors can act as part of modern intelligent armor. 

The artificial touch sense can tell the AI-controlled system if something hits the space probe's shell. That system can also tell to the people in the main battle tanks that somebody shot them. 

If the system knows precisely the place of the nanosensor or nanoresonator. That helps it to locate the damage. The sensor system can include the small carbon fiber sticks that tell the angle of the incoming ammunition. Or the nano-size resonators can be used to send soundwaves that act as Sonar systems. Or if those soundwaves are strong enough, they can turn the incoming ammunition out from their course. 

https://scitechdaily.com/from-tuning-forks-to-quantum-sensing-how-nanomechanical-resonators-are-transforming-technology/ 

https://scitechdaily.com/researchers-create-ai-powered-electronic-tongue-to-detect-food-freshness-and-safety-instantly/

The AI new Prometheus.

  The AI new Prometheus. 

Mary Shelley's Frankenstein can be a prediction about the possibilities of generative AI. The AI is the modern prometheus. A tool that can control millions of robots at the same time, and that makes AI one of the most powerful tools in the world. The opportunities of AI are limitless, and the thing is that everybody who wants to make robots should read the Frankenstein novel. 

Mary Shelley's Frankenstein is called the thing, that brings threats of robots in the front of human Eyes. The Frankenstein's monster itself is an example of necrobots. The "necrobot" robot is the robot that was created by using a dead body, which mitochondria will put to operate again. In some theories, the thing behind Frankenstein's monster was the human-looking mechanic robot covered by human skin. That would be a good topic for some techno version of the Dr. Hannibal Lecter. 

The fact is that those things are not very moralistic, but it's possible that mechanic robots opportunities understood in the time of Mary Shelley. The mass army of robots would be a dominating tool on the battlefield. And that's why those robots are the tools that are shaking the world. 

Are new Little Helpers, helpers, or destructors? 

The robot that looks like a Little Helper from Donald Duck can form the most powerful modular supercomputer on Earth. Those kinds of robots can walk in the room. And then they will touch each other's hands and that thing forms the large robot entirety. The reason why the Little Helper has the light bulb on the place of its head is seen in the movie " Why The First Computers Were Made Out Of Light Bulbs". That film is below this part of this text. 

The bio- and quantum engineering makes it possible to create small-size robots that can operate very independently. In some visions, the Little Helper from the Donald Duck cartoons turned into independently operating small-size robots. The light bulb over the body would be the quantum computer that operates as the brain for that system. Then in the body would be the DNA-controlled computers that increase that robot's ability to independent operations. 

The DNA-controlled computer that operates with quantum computer, makes those Little Helpers very intelligent and flexible units. In some other mode, the Little Helpers are forming an entirety. The robots can touch each other with their limbs. And then the Little Helpers can form powerful computing entirety. 

https://bigthink.com/the-well/mary-shelley-lessons-frankenstein-ai/

The electric eel would give the ability to use bioelectricity as the power source of robotics

The electric eel would give the ability to use bioelectricity as the power source of robotics

The thing, that makes electric eels interesting fishes is that they can create electricity, which has 600 volts. That fish produces electricity by using special cells for that thing. And those cells can put in cell cultures, which can create electricity to the nanomachines, but why not also bigger equipment like electric cars and boats. Those cell cultures or biobatteries can connect like normal batteries, and they can give very high voltage if they are connected to series.

Have you ever thought the possibility, that the nanorobots and microchips would get electricity from the bioelectricity, what is created by the using cells, what are created from the electric eel, and what that fish uses for creating electricity? It would be quite easy to take the cells, what is creating the electricity for electric eel, and then put those cells to cultures. Then the thing, what the system needs is the nutrient for those cell cultures.

These kinds of cells can installed in very small robots, and they can be used to give electricity for miniaturized systems like motors, communication equipment, and other functions. In this case, the robot must keep in the nutrient, and then it can be released to the place, where it is needed. The communication equipment would tell if the voltage is going down, and then the robot just put back to nutrients, and the cells can create the electricity.

When we are thinking about that kind of cell culture as the power source for bigger robots and equipment, we must realize that the electric shock, what electric eel gives can kill the horse. So if we would want to create the ecological battery, what uses biotechnology, we must take a couple of electric cells of the electric eel, and then multiply those cells for cultures. Then they can be used for many tools, and even the aggregate can be replaced by that kind of machine.

The voltage, what single electric eel can give is about 600 volts, but the size of the cell cultures might be really big. And that allows creating a very high level of electricity. When we are thinking about the use of those cell cultures to create electricity for bigger systems, those electric elements can be connected to series or side by side, and that means they are acting like normal batteries, which makes it possible to create many fundamental things.

One thing, what would be interesting would be the robot, what will drink nutrient when it needs more power. That means the system would eat like dogs or other puppies. And the bioelectric system would give power to the motors, cameras and other equipment of that robot, and it would use in many other things. In the most interesting, and in the same way, futuristic ideas is that some cars or boats would use bioelectricity in the future.