What if we can create Maxwell's demon?

"No quantum exorcism for Maxwell’s demon (but it doesn’t need one). Credit: Reiko Matsushita" (ScitechDaily, Maxwell’s Demon Strikes Back as Quantum Physics Unveils a Thermodynamic Loophole)

"For over a century, the Maxwell’s demon paradox has haunted physics. This thought experiment suggests that a tiny, energy-free “demon” could defy the second law of thermodynamics. Researchers put this to the test in a quantum setting, revealing that quantum mechanics allows surprising loopholes—though ultimately, thermodynamic balance always wins." (ScitechDaily, Maxwell’s Demon Strikes Back as Quantum Physics Unveils a Thermodynamic Loophole)

Maxwell's demon is a thought experiment about a situation where the demon separates particles using speed as a value. The demon opens the gate for the fast particles. 

The demon closes the gate for slow particles. In some versions, the demon sends slow particles to the right and fast particles to the left. That makes it possible to sort particles using their speed. That means fast particles will travel to another tank and the slow particles will go to another. 

"Schematic figure of Maxwell's demon thought experiment" (Wikipedia, Maxwell's demon) 

This makes Maxwell's demon an excellent model for quantum cryptography. The idea is that the system sorts 1 and 0 to individual routes. And the receiving system collects that data back in order. The receiving system must know where it puts the zeros. The system handles fast particles as 1, and slow particles as 0. 

The real-life Maxwell's demon can make the new types of quantum information systems possible. If the demon sorts particles to different routes and there is a sensor in that route that allows to create next generation quantum information system. In the cases that the particles have serial numbers like "slow 1" and "fast 1" that makes it possible to transmit information in new ways.

The slow particles can be 0 and the fast particles can be 1 in a binary-quantum system. The serial number can be the energy level of the particle. In some models, the Maxwell's demon sends fast particles to the receiver. That means the demon sends the particles with value 1 to the receiver. The calculator can calculate how many particles travel through the gate. Then another system can transport the slow particles to the receiver. 

If fast particles have the values "fast 1", "fast 2", etc.. The slow particles can have values like 1,(1),2. Or 1(2)2 (or 2(1)3). The number in parenthesis is the position of slow particles between fast particles. If we mark that point like this 1,(1),(2),2 or simpler 1,2,2. That can mean that there are two slow particles between fast particles 1 and 2. And we can mark that situation in a binary system like this: 1001. We can, of course, mark slow particles as 1 and fast particles as 0. 

The idea in this thing is that we would sort the balls using Maxwell's demon. We can send fastballs from the basket to the receiver, or other basket. And then the slow balls remain in the first basket. The carrier can transfer the basket where slow balls are to the receiver. Then the receiver can sort the particles to the binary code. The requirement is that the receiver must know where it puts the slow balls. The basket can be the USB stick that the message carrier transports to the workplace. 

https://scitechdaily.com/maxwells-demon-strikes-back-as-quantum-physics-unveils-a-thermodynamic-loophole/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maxwell%27s_demon