Quark stars, black holes, and invisible light. (How gravity stretches light)

How gravity stretches light? 

Can some red dwarfs be quark stars? Quark star's gravity, or virtual (gravitational) Doppler effect stretches light so much, that it can turn to look like red. 

"A quark star is a hypothetical type of compact, exotic star, where extremely high core temperature and pressure have forced nuclear particles to form quark matter, a continuous state of matter consisting of free quarks." (Wikipedia, Quark Star) 

"The Doppler effect (also Doppler shift ) or Redshift is the change in the frequency of a wave in relation to an observer who is moving relative to the source of the wave. The Doppler effect is named after the physicist Christian Doppler, who described the phenomenon in 1842. (Wikipedia, Doppler effect)

A common example of Doppler shift is the change of pitch heard when a vehicle sounding a horn approaches and recedes from an observer. Compared to the emitted frequency, the received frequency is higher during the approach, identical at the instant of passing by, and lower during the recession. " (Wikipedia, Doppler effect)

What if something stretches radiation as much as its wavelength turns straight? Black holes can make that thing near their event horizon. That is one of the most important things in the black holes' gravitational effects. The massive or extremely strong gravitational field stretches light so much that we cannot see even the event horizon. 

An animation illustrating how the Doppler effect causes a car engine or siren to sound higher in pitch when it is approaching than when it is receding. The red circles represent sound waves. (Wikipedia, Doppler effect) 

There is no limit to how much the redshift can stretch light or wavelength. There is a possibility that strong gravity fields along fast movement away from the observer can stretch the light straight to radio waves. But can this kind of extreme Doppler effect be possible? 

Strong gravity fields can cause the Doppler effect that visible light spectrum goes to the electromagnetic spectrum's red side. When the Doppler effect stretches radiation it makes the same thing as the strong gravity field. A strong gravity field can transfer all visible radiation that comes from an object into the IR area and that can cause interesting theory. 

"Absorption lines in the visible spectrum of a supercluster of distant galaxies (right), as compared to absorption lines in the visible spectrum of the Sun (left). Arrows indicate redshift. Wavelength increases up towards the red and beyond (frequency decreases)." (Wikipedia, Redshift)

"In physics, a redshift is an increase in the wavelength, and corresponding decrease in the frequency and photon energy, of electromagnetic radiation (such as light). The opposite change, a decrease in wavelength and increase in frequency and energy, is known as a blueshift, or negative redshift. The terms derive from the colours red and blue which form the extremes of the visible light spectrum. " (Wikipedia, Redshift)

"The main causes of electromagnetic redshift in astronomy and cosmology are the relative motions of radiation sources, which give rise to the relativistic Doppler effect, and gravitational potentials, which gravitationally redshift escaping radiation. All sufficiently distant light sources show cosmological redshift corresponding to recession speeds proportional to their distances from Earth, a fact known as Hubble's law that implies the universe is expanding." (Wikipedia, Redshift)

"Illustration of the interior of a neutron star and a strange quark star" (Wikipedia, Strange star)

"A strange star, also called a strange quark star,  is a hypothetical compact astronomical object, a quark star made of strange quark matter." (Wikipedia, Strange star)

"Strange stars might exist without regard to the Bodmer–Witten assumption of stability at near-zero temperatures and pressures, as strange quark matter might form and remain stable at the core of neutron stars, in the same way as ordinary quark matter could. Such strange stars will naturally have a crust layer of neutron matter. The depth of the crust layer will depend on the physical conditions and circumstances of the entire star and on the properties of strange quark matter in general. Stars partially made up of quark matter (including strange quark matter) are also referred to as hybrid stars." (Wikipedia, Strange star)

The collapse of the crust layer of strange stars is one of the proposed causes of fast radio bursts." (Wikipedia, Strange star)

Electromagnetic Spectrum 

It's possible. That hypothetical quark stars look like red dwarfs. That makes them so-called red false dwarfs. Or maybe it can stretch radiation so much that the visible light's wavelength moves to IR or even radio wave areas in the electromagnetic spectrum. We know that strong gravity fields cause a virtual Doppler effect that makes the wavelength stretch. 

Can some red dwarfs be those hypothetical quark stars? If a quark star's gravity is strong enough it can turn the object red. So how can we prove that thing? Red dwarfs are small and light stars. So to confirm that the object that we think of as a red dwarf is the quark star we need to find a binary star where white dwarfs or neutron stars orbit the red dwarf. 

Normally neutron star or white dwarf is the mass center. The mass center is the gravity center. That means normally red dwarfs orbit white dwarfs or neutron stars. But if that happens oppositely. That red dwarf is the mass center which means its gravity can be so strong that it stretches light into red. 

But same way one, very heavy but hypothetical object called a quark star can stretch light. Can it be possible that the hypothetical quark stars have so strong gravity field, that they can stretch or turn even UV radiation into radio waves? 

In some models, the quark star can be invisible. The idea is that the quarks form the quark star's shell. Quark stars would be the only places in the universe where quarks are free. In other places. Those particles are tied inside hadrons. The reflection that comes out from the quark stars comes from quarks. In regular material. That reflection comes from hadron quantum fields. It's possible that radiation that hadrons send just slides over the quark star. 

Or the particle that causes reflection is so small that we cannot see that thing in a quark star. If energy reflection comes straight from a quark it travels straight through Hadron. There is the possibility. That also other fields. Except gravity slides over those quarks. That form structure. That seems like it's covered by small half-balls. When energy travels or slides over the structure it denies reflections in wavelength that we can see it. 

There is a model that quark stars are mediums between neutron stars and black holes. The thing is that those hypothetical quark stars can stretch radiation as much as their wavelength turns so long that we cannot see it. 

Or we cannot detect that radion because some other things cover it. In some models, photons can travel through those free quarks. The gravity field around those hypothetical quark stars would be powerful. But that gravity field stretches radiation and it can make it possible for the quark star can be invisible to the human eye. 

https://www.helsinki.fi/en/news/mathematics-and-science/finnish-researchers-have-discovered-new-type-matter-inside-neutron-stars

https://sciencesprings.wordpress.com/2024/01/04/from-the-university-of-helsinki-helsingin-yliopisto-fi-via-phys-org-further-evidence-for-quark-matter-cores-in-massive-neutron-stars/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doppler_effect

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_spectrum

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark_star

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redshift

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strangelet

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strange_star

A mystery signal from a dead galaxy causes interesting thoughts.

"A newly discovered FRB outside a dead galaxy upends theories on their origins. Scientists suggest it may stem from an old star cluster, proving FRBs can occur in unexpected environments. (Artist’s impression of a Fast Radio Burst (FRB) reaching Earth.) Credit: Jingchuan Yu, Beijing Planetarium. (ScitechDaily, Mystery Signal Lights Up a Dead Galaxy, Baffling Astronomers)

A mysterious signal from a dead galaxy is one of the most interesting things in the universe. The dead galaxy is full of neutron stars, black holes, and white dwarfs. The fast radio burst, FRB normally forms in the material nebulas in the cases that something stresses particles. Sometimes black holes eat white dwarfs and neutron stars. In some cases, the beam from a black hole hits white dwarfs and neutron stars forming the radio signals. 

In those cases, dense material changes the wavelength of the gamma and X-ray radiation. When gamma- and X-ray radiation hits a neutron star it takes that energy in its structures. And then its structures send extra energy as the energy beam.  That thing can form radio waves. But if there is no material left in the galaxy that cannot form the FRB. Also, things like relativistic jets can form only in places where there is material that black holes pull inside them. 

There is a possibility that gravity stretches X- and gamma -rays causing the situation that those radiation wavelengths can turn longer. That means the black hole can cause a very strong redshift that turns the GRB or XRB into the radio burst. 

But can the gravity wave neutralize another gravity wave? 

Above is the "sombrero model". The gravity center is surrounded by a gravity ditch. Can we see the object that is in the middle of the gravity ditch or gravity pothole? That depends on the situation can the object in the gravity pothole rise over the hill that surrounds the gravity ditch? That small energy hill is the thing that pulls energy waves forward. 

The moving energy wave pulls energy inside it from ahead of it. And that thing forms the energy ditch that we call a gravity wave. We should say that gravity wave is entirety their energy ditch pulls energy hill or energy wave forward. 

Gravity wave has two parts. The ditch travels before an energy hill or energy wave. In this text, the energy hill means that energy wave. Then there is another energy pothole that pulls the energy wave backward. The gravity wave doesn't exist if that backcoming wave falls in that pothole. 

The gravity wave is like all other waves. There is a small energy ditch before the energy wave. That wave pulls the energy move forward. The reason why we cannot see that ditch is the energy field that follows the gravity wave. The gravity field is a standing gravity field. 

But then we can think that gravity is the pothole in the energy field. The gravity center is the thing that makes the pothole, and the depth of that pothole is the strength of the gravity field. The depth of that pothole depends on the energy level of the environment. In a low-energy environment, the gravitational pothole is lower. 

If that gravity pothole or gravity ditch is filled that means there is no gravity wave or field. The gravity field forms when outside energy tries to fill the energy pothole or energy ditch. In some models is possible that an energy wave that follows a gravity ditch can involve another wave. That causes a situation in that the other wave can pump energy to a gravitational wave and that denies the gravity field's existence. 

Theoretically is possible to delete the gravity wave. By filling the gravity, or energy ditch. 

Another way is to pull energy out from its environment. 

And the third way is to stretch the edge of gravity waves. 

The thing that makes the gravity opposite is the situation that the energy level in the environment can turn lower than the bottom of the gravity ditch or gravity wave. Theoretically is possible that gravity waves can fall energy hill inside it. That can neutralize gravity waves. Theoretically is possible that something fills that energy ditch. And that causes a situation in which gravity waves cannot exist. 

 https://scitechdaily.com/mystery-signal-lights-up-a-dead-galaxy-baffling-astronomers/

The mystery FRB that came from nowhere baffles experts.

"Scientists using CHIME expected to find a young, energetic star behind a newly detected FRB. Instead, it came from a quiet, ancient galaxy where star formation ended billions of years ago. This challenges everything they thought they knew about FRBs. Credit: CHIME, edited"  (ScitechDaily, This Mysterious Radio Burst Came From Nowhere and It’s Baffling Experts)

"CHIME, pictured here, consists of four large antennas, each about the size and shape of a snowboarding half-pipe, and is designed with no moving parts. Rather than swiveling to focus on different parts of the sky, CHIME stares fixedly at the entire sky, looking for fast radio burst sources across the universe. Credit: CHIME Collaboration." (ScitechDaily, This Mysterious Radio Burst Came From Nowhere and It’s Baffling Experts)

The mysterious fast radio burst, FRB, seemed to come from nowhere. We can offer many explanations for that thing, including alien spacecraft. But it's more likely that something caused changes in some other wavelength. In some models, black holes can pull the X- or gamma-rays backward and they can stretch like you would pull a corrugated carpet. Things like gravitational or electromagnetic fields can act as lenses that focus the radio waves like lenses focus optical wavelengths. 

"The location of the fast radio burst, indicated by the oval outlines, is on the outskirts of a massive elliptical galaxy, the yellow oval at right. Credit: Gemini Observatory" (ScitechDaily, This Mysterious Radio Burst Came From Nowhere and It’s Baffling Experts)

The redshift (or Dooppler effect)  is one thing that can stretch radiation. Black holes and other very massive objects can cause virtual redshift. Or the neutron star or black hole that distances Earth can also stretch radiation. In that case is possible that GRB and XRB (Gamma- and X-ray bursts) can stretch into the radio waves.  Another thing that can change the radiation wavelength is the cosmic void. When a gamma ray or some other radiation hits a cosmic void that case can pull radiation forward. That can adjust its wavelength. 

Another thing. That can make the radio signals stronger than they were are gravitational or electromagnetic lenses. Changing the direction of the radio waves doesn't require a gravitational lens. Also,  plasma lenses or strong magnetic fields can focus radio waves. So can the plasma in the heliosphere turn the direction of the radio waves that they focus on the point of the planet Earth? 

Gravity lenses can also focus things like X- and gamma-rays. The gravity- or electromagnetic lens that focuses radio- or other types of radiation can turn the regular radio or other radiation to look very strong. Same way lenses can turn sunlight strong when they focus radiation at the same point. If that happens on the point of the radio or other telescope it amplifies the signal. But if astronomers want to register that thing.  That requires that the lens focus is just on Earth. 

https://scitechdaily.com/this-mysterious-radio-burst-came-from-nowhere-and-its-baffling-experts/

The new sensors see mysterious radio signals.

"CSIRO’s ASKAP radio telescope is made up of 36 dishes spread out across 6km on Wajarri Country. Credit: Alex Cherney/CSIRO.(ScitechDaily, Discovery on Overdrive: Australia’s New Tech Uncovers Mysterious Signals From Deep Space)

The new CRACO telescope is an ultimate tool.  "CRACO is made up of a cluster of computers and accelerators connected to the ASKAP radio telescope at Inyarrimanha Ilgari Bundara, the CSIRO Murchison Radio-astronomy Observatory on Wajarri Yamaji Country. The development of this technology reinforces Australia’s international reputation as a leader in radio astronomy engineering and research." (ScitechDaily, Discovery on Overdrive: Australia’s New Tech Uncovers Mysterious Signals From Deep Space)

The new sensors see mysterious radio signals. That thing is and is not surprising. The new and sensitive sensor systems are powerful tools. That can detect new things that we never detected before. And the universe is full of new and interesting things. There is a cosmic hum that the Voyager space probe first detected when it traveled out from the heliosphere. 

And that means there are lots of signals outside the solar system that we never detected. And we cannot detect those signals. Before there is a radiotelescope outside the heliopause. New sensors that operate under the AI are tools that can scan multiple frequencies simultaneously. 

The radiation that arrives in the solar system must have a certain energy level. So that it can penetrate through the sun's radio waves. In that process the frequency of radiation changes. So maybe the new sensors can find many things that were a mystery before. And maybe they find out what caused the BLC-1 and Wow!-signals? 

In some models, the Doppler effect that stretches radiation turns some GRB gamma-ray bursts can be behind the Wow! and BLC-1. If a very massive object is behind the GRB, that object can stretch the GRB into radio waves. 

"Example of a galaxy hosting a fast radio burst identified by the CRACO system. Credit: Yuanming Wang, the CRAFT Collaboration. (ScitechDaily, Discovery on Overdrive: Australia’s New Tech Uncovers Mysterious Signals From Deep Space)

Can the BLC-1 (Breakthrough Listen Candidate 1) radio signal have the same origin as the Uranus' X-ray flares? Could the source for the BLC-1 be in our solar system? The BLC-1 came from the direction of the Proxima Centauri. But that doesn't mean that the BLC-1 origin is in the Proxima Centauri. And could the origin of the Wow! Signal also be in our solar system? When we think about the mysterious X-ray flares in the Uranus' atmosphere there is the possibility that similar high-energy particles hit some icy objects. 

It's possible that when an antimatter particle or some other very high-energy particle hits some other particle it forms a short-term cosmic microvoid. When some radiation travels through that kind of phenomenon there is no resistance at that point. That can stretch radiation longer. 

Those mystery signals can involve information about the intelligent civilization. Or they can also tell something about the mysterious primordial black holes. When we think about the mysterious radio signal from Proxima Centauri's direction called BLC-1 that signal might not be alien transmission. 

But there is one possibility. And that is some very heavy object pulls some other radiation backward. That gravity effect can turn X- and gamma rays into radio signals. There are also mysterious X-ray flares in Uranus' atmosphere. Could the origin of BLC-1 be in our solar system? So does the origin of the particles that cause those mysterious X-ray flares on Uranus' atmosphere be the same thing that caused the BLC-1? The origin of those radio signals stays open. But if those radio signals come from our solar system that is one of the most interesting things that we can imagine. 

https://www.csiro.au/en/news/All/News/2025/January/Australian-innovation-sifts-space-for-mysteries

https://scitechdaily.com/discovery-on-overdrive-australias-new-tech-uncovers-mysterious-signals-from-deep-space/

https://www.space.com/uranus-emitting-x-rays-chandra-observations

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BLC1

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wow!_signal