Interesting details of mythical Planet 9.

“The Subaru Telescope has spotted a cosmic relic that could rewrite what we know about the early Solar System. Nicknamed 'Ammonite' but officially designated 2023 KQ14, this newly discovered space rock is now the fourth known sednoid, a rare class of distant, icy bodies with highly elongated orbits that dance around the outermost fringes of our cosmic neighbourhood. What makes Ammonite special? It’s not just its extreme orbit. It's a frozen relic from the dawn of the Solar System, offering clues about how our planets formed around the Sun, and whether a mysterious ninth planet still lurks in the darkness.” (BBC Sky at Night magazine,Ancient relic discovered on the edge of our Solar System could help solve the Planet Nine mystery)

Search for Planet 9 continues. Planet 9 is the name. For the mysterious gravitational effect. That affects the trajectory of the planet Neptune. The new observations about the trans-Neptunian objects, TNOs. Offer an alternative reason for those mysterious gravitational effects. The new trans-Neptunian object. Called 2017 OF201. is the candidate for a dwarf planet. And that object is interesting for searching for Planet X. The 2017 OF201 diameter. It is about 700 kilometers. 

Reseachers used that object’s trajectory. For searching for Planet 9. The 2017 OF201 tells. That there could be more massive objects in the Kuiper belt. And that means that. The alternative explanation for Planet X is the swarm of small objects in the Kuiper belt. A large number of dwarf planets can affect the large planet’s trajectories. But the problem is: could the mass of Kuiper belt objects be so high? Do they affect the trajectory of planet Neptune? 

The finding of the 2017 QF201 caused a new search. And the newest object in our solar system. It is the 2023 KQ14, nicknamed “Ammonite”. 

Or could the situation there, Alpha Centauri A and B, and Proxima Centauri, along with the Luhman 16 system, form the line? Could those systems, along with Kuiper belt objects, cause the situation in which Neptune’s trajectory wobbles? The latest found TNO. It is the 2023 KQ14. The Subaru telescope found the distant object in the Kuiper belt. And that means that. The large mass of the Kuiper belt might not be found. There can be objects that are waiting for their finders. Those two objects tell us. We don’t know the Kuiper belt yet. 

There is still a possibility. That. There is a cold planet outside the solar system. The mass of planet 9 would be larger than that of Earth. But the problem is that the most promising area for that very distant planet is very far away. For probes like New Horizons, it takes 118 years to reach that area. There is always a possibility that the probe travels to the wrong point. And that means it cannot find the unknown planet. 

“Artist's impression of Quaoar rings. Credit: Paris Observatory” (ScitechDaily, Space Mystery: Unexpected New Ring System Discovered in Our Own Solar System)

But there are also many alternative explanations for Planet 9. If we talk about the mysterious gravity effect. One of the most exciting versions is that. Planet 9 could be a primordial black hole. The small black hole that can lurk inside the icy shell. Reseachers suggest that.  In the universe. There can be small black holes. Those planet-mass black holes. They can lurk inside the structures. That seems like a planet. The size of those theoretical objects can be smaller than a coin. They could create an ice shell around them. If Planet 9 is a primordial black hole. 

That thing. It can be very small and massive. So, if that hypothetical primordial black hole exists. The object called Quaoar is one of the strongest candidates for that thing. The dwarf planet Quaoar has a ring system and moons. The gravity on that object is extremely weak. Or it should be so weak. That the moon and the ring system should not exist. The size. Of. Quaoar is so small. It cannot create a magnetic field. Because Quaoar should not have a melted core. 

There is, of course. A possibility that some kind of gas. Or water can stay liquid. In that extremely low. gravitation and temperature. That thing can carry magnetic particles around the core of that small world. This means that there could be stranger objects than water moons. The water moon means the moons like Jupiter’s Europa. There are low gravity and tidal forces. That keeps those oceans liquid. In that case, water plays the same role as magma basalt. Plays on Earth. So, could there be objects? That are. Similar to the Europa moon? But those objects formed of methane or carbon dioxide ice? The water is replaced by some gas. 

This explains the rings of Quaoar. But things like its satellite Weywot, and another possible. But not a confirmed satellite. They are harder to explain. By using plasma whirls as an explanation. Some people think that Weywot is too far from Quaoar to be its stable companion. But otherwise, conditions in the outer solar system are very stable. 

“Weywot is about 116–172 km (72–107 mi) in diameter and orbits Quaoar every 12.4 days at an average distance of 13,300 km (8,300 mi). Weywot is thought to play a role in maintaining Quaoar's outer ring by gravitationally influencing it in an orbital resonance.” (Wikipedia, Weywot). 

If those rings are locked in Quaoar’s plasma rings. The Quaoar must have a magnetic field. So the magnetic field can form in the interaction. There, weak gravity packs plasma around Quaoar. Then that plasma starts to whirl around the dwarf planet. And that acts as a plasma generator. Another version is that there is something very heavy in that small object. The primordial black hole. It is an interesting theorem. And maybe someday we could see what causes the gravitational effect. In the planet Neptune's trajectory?

https://www.astronomy.com/science/is-planet-nine-a-black-hole-or-a-planet-harvard-scientists-suggest-a-way-to-find-out/

https://scitechdaily.com/is-planet-nine-real-new-discovery-at-the-edge-of-the-solar-system-adds-a-twist/

https://scitechdaily.com/space-mystery-unexpected-new-ring-system-discovered-in-our-own-solar-system/

https://www.skyatnightmagazine.com/news/ammonite-2023-kq14

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2017_OF201

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_KQ14

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuiper_belt

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet_Nine

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quaoar

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weywot

How does the fifth image form in the Einstein Cross?

“A mysterious fifth image inside a rare Einstein Cross exposed a massive halo of dark matter, giving astronomers a rare chance to study both the distant galaxy and the invisible structures shaping the cosmos. (Artist’s concept.) Credit: SciTechDaily.com” (ScitechDaily, Astronomers Spot “Impossible” Fifth Image Unlocking Dark Matter Secrets)

“The Einstein Cross (Q2237+0305 or QSO 2237+0305) is a gravitationally lensed quasar that sits directly behind the centre of the galaxy ZW 2237+030, called Huchra's Lens. Four images of the same distant quasar (plus one in the centre, too dim to see) appear in the middle of the foreground galaxy due to strong gravitational lensing. This system was discovered by John Huchra and coworkers in 1985, although at the time they only detected that there was a quasar behind a galaxy based on differing redshifts and did not resolve the four separate images of the quasar.” (Wikipedia, Einstein Cross)

The reason why the fifth image is possible. The thing. That is, the gravitational lens is a quasar. This is a straight line just behind the galaxy that the gravitational lens will make those four images. The distance to the galaxy is about 400 million ly. And the distance to that quasar is 8 billion light-years. 

The fifth image formed in Einstein Cross is of a supermassive object. In the middle of the image. Pulls radiation back in  focus. This means there is a galaxy that turns light into the form where radiation forms the four images of the single galaxy. The mass that focuses radiation forming that fifth must be between the galaxy (or in this case, quasar) and the observer. 

“Einstein cross: Four images of the same distant quasar (due to the gravitational lensing of the galaxy closest to us, shown in the foreground, the Huchra Lens).(Wikipedia, Einstein Cross)

“Hubble Space Telescope captures Einstein Cross.” (Wikipedia, Einstein Cross)

“A rare cosmic configuration: An Einstein Cross with five points of light, instead of the usual four, has been discovered by scientists. Credit: P. Cox et al. – ALMA (ESO/NAOJ/NRAO)”  (ScitechDaily, Astronomers Spot “Impossible” Fifth Image Unlocking Dark Matter Secrets)

So, there is an object between the distant galaxy and the Earth. The thing that observers cannot see about the object makes it interesting. Can it be some kind of dark matter formation, or maybe there is some kind of black hole between that distant galaxy and Earth? 

But if there is a supermassive black hole between Earth and that distant galaxy, why can't we see that black hole’s halo or the galaxy that should form around it? Of course, that halo can also be a quasar, but the problem is how the thing that forms the radiation cone can remain unseen? The quasar is behind the galaxy. It is in a straight line to Earth. The galaxy or the object that collects radiation into the fifth image is a straight line between Earth and that distant galaxy. 

There is a possibility that gravitational microlensing can also form the Einstein Cross. The gravitational microlensing. Means a black hole that is in our galaxy that bends light. All black holes act as gravitational lenses. In the case of a black hole, the term means a black hole that is at a certain distance from Earth. The microlensing is similar. But a smaller phenomenon. Than the full-size gravitational lensing. There is a possibility that planets. Or other, less massive objects can also form a gravitational lens. And in the case of planets, white dwarfs, and neutron stars. We can talk about microlensing. The neutron stars and planets with no atmosphere are excellent objects. To observe microlensing. In the cases of the stars. The atmosphere makes it hard to separate the gravitational lensing from the effect that the star’s atmosphere causes. 

https://www.constellation-guide.com/einstein-cross/

https://scitechdaily.com/astronomers-spot-impossible-fifth-image-unlocking-dark-matter-secrets/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Einstein_Cross

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huchra%27s_lens

Hubble unveils new structures around quasar 3C273.

NASA’s Hubble Telescope has captured unprecedented details of the quasar 3C 273, highlighting complex structures and energetic jets near its central black hole, offering new insights into the mechanics of quasars and their galactic environments. Credit: NASA, ESA, Bin Ren (Université Côte d’Azur/CNRS), John Bahcall (IAS), Joseph DePasquale (STScI) (ScitechDaily, What Are These Weird Structures Hubble Spotted Near a Monster Black Hole?)

The quasar (or galaxy) 3C273 is an interesting object. Distance to it is 25 billion light years. And it's the most distant object. We can see using backyard telescopes. The quasar 3C273 creates the L or mechanic's wrench-looking structure near it. That structure can form when the supermassive black hole's relativistic jet impacts some cosmic nebula near that quasar. But there is another thing that can form that strange structure. 

Another interesting detail is that there seem to be two more jets out from the bright quasar. Those two jets are below left in the quasar quite near the main jet. They are visible in the image, where the coronograph covers the bright area of the quasar 3C273. Those structures look like trumpets or Shrek's horns. The upper can be a star or another quasar near the edge of the quasar but the lower jet is coming out from the quasar. Those details are visible in the image where light is blocked. 

"A Hubble Space Telescope image of the core of quasar 3C 273. A coronagraph on Hubble blocks out the glare coming from the supermassive black hole at the heart of the quasar. This allows astronomers to see unprecedented details near the black hole such as weird filaments, lobes, and a mysterious L-shaped structure, probably caused by small galaxies being devoured by the black hole. Located 2.5 billion light-years away, 3C 273 is the first quasar (quasi-stellar object) ever discovered, in 1963. Credit: NASA, ESA, Bin Ren (Université Côte d’Azur/CNRS), John Bahcall (IAS), Joseph DePasquale (STScI) (ScitechDaily, What Are These Weird Structures Hubble Spotted Near a Monster Black Hole?)

There might be the vortex beams around that jet. That kind of structure can form when the relativistic jet impacts with a smaller black hole's jet or travels through its accelerating disk. As the quasar itself the protogalaxy forms around the black hole. But those small dwarf galaxies have smaller black holes that can be stellar mass or low-medium mass. Those black holes are lightweight if we compare them with monstrous supermassive black holes like 3C273. (ScitechDaily, What Are These Weird Structures Hubble Spotted Near a Monster Black Hole?)

"A two-panel image of quasar 3C 273, taken by different Hubble instruments. The top panel is a WFPC2 image of 3C 273. It looks like a bright white car headlight. There’s a linear orange-white smoke-like feature stretching to the 4 o’clock position, an extragalactic jet launched from the quasar in the center of the black hole of an unseen galaxy. Below the title is a color key showing which filters were used to create the image and which color is assigned to each filter: F450W is blue, F606W is orange." (ScitechDaily, What Are These Weird Structures Hubble Spotted Near a Monster Black Hole?)

"Compass arrows at bottom right corner show the orientation of the image on the sky; north arrow points in the 11 o’clock direction; east arrow points toward 8 o’clock. A scale bar at bottom left corner is labeled “182,000 light-years” over “15 arc seconds.” The STIS coronagraph image in the bottom panel is roughly the same as the WFPC2 image, but in blue shades. A black circle blocks the glare of the quasar. Blue-colored filamentary material can be seen near the black hole. The extragalactic jet is still visible." (ScitechDaily, What Are These Weird Structures Hubble Spotted Near a Monster Black Hole?)

"Credit: NASA, ESA, Bin Ren (Université Côte d’Azur/CNRS), John Bahcall (IAS), Joseph DePasquale (STScI)" (ScitechDaily, What Are These Weird Structures Hubble Spotted Near a Monster Black Hole?)

A supermassive black hole can form when an interstellar or intergalactic nebula falls because of its own gravity. Stellar or medium-mass black holes can form when blue hydrogen-burning supergiants detonate as supernovas or when two or more supergiants collide. 

Those things tell us about the very complicated interactions near that quasar. The quasar itself is very hot and active. The relativistic jet is also visible. And another thing that we can see is some kind of nebula that it just impacts. There are also proto galaxies that impact that extremely bright high-energy object. So the black hole in that quasar is the most dominating object in its neighborhood. 

If we were about ten light-years distance from that object. It would be as bright as the sun. The quasar releases as much energy in a second as a galaxy's stars release during their entire lifetime. The quasars will turn into a galaxy in a couple of billion years. The quasars are mysterious objects in the young universe. The complete databases tell about the changes in the brightness of those quasars and their supermassive black holes. 

https://scitechdaily.com/what-are-these-weird-structures-hubble-spotted-near-a-monster-black-hole/