The biggest problem with quantum computers is noise. The quantum noise forms when the quantum system oscillates randomly. The random oscillation makes it impossible to control systems. That oscillation makes standing waves or non-controlled effects.
When data travels in qubits, we can think that each state of the qubit is like a string with two positions 0, and 1. When a qubit transmits data it takes that data on it like yarn ball layers. The difference between yarn balls is that each layer is separated. Then it sends those layers to the receiver.
Or if we think of the qubit as a ball that is like a planet we can think dayside as 1 and night side as 0. Or if we think of the qubit as a ball that is like a planet we can think dayside as 1 and night side as 0. The problem is: how to make that ball turn in the right positions at the right moment.
There are billions of ways to make the qubits. Or if there are energy valleys and energy hills on the particles. The energy valleys can be 0 and hills 1. The are billions of ways to make the qubit.
In some texts, the quantum computer is described as a voltage meter. Certain voltage level gives value 1 and below that level is 0. The decibel meter or photocells can also act as measurement tools for qubits.
The acoustic qubit can mean that the ultrasound gives a value that is 1 and the infrasound is 0. In the decibel meter, a certain sound level is 1, and below a certain sound level, the value is 0.
This thing is like a C-cassette but it's much smaller. So the quantum computer looks a little bit like a spinning machine. The spools are photons. And the yarns are electromagnetic strings. The steel or iron wires can theoretically act as a qubit, but it requires the oscillation to be under control and this is the problem.
The electricity travels on the surface of the wire. There is the possibility to make a quantum channel that protects electricity against the outcoming effect. So if the wire moves and data stays in a stable position on the wire that can help to solve the problem that the Hall effect or resistance causes. The problem is in that thing is this. Researchers can protect the wire against vertical disturbance. But the problem is in vertical disturbance.
Data or information can travel only from higher, to lower energy levels. That means the other end in the quantum lines or quantum tracks must be at a higher energy level. The system must keep the transmitting side of the quantum computer at a higher energy level. And the computer must be protected against EM. And other types of radiation. The answer can be that the data will be transmitted to the quantum computer at room temperature. Then the system will be frozen and the data handling process can start.
There is the possibility to use laser- or acoustic beams to make the data transmission possible between transmitters and receivers. Those beams clean the route for data carriers.
The system can form a so-called wormhole or whirl through the quantum gas. That whirl involves a vacuum that denies the scattering effect.
Or the quantum computer must be put in the vacuum chamber there the mechanical noise that the atoms cause is minimized. Also, things like seismic waves disturb quantum computers.
Things like the scattering effect destroy data. The hollow laser beam that travels in a nanotube can protect photons that transmit data. The main problem with laser beams is that they are not monotonic.
Laser beams form when particles that are stressed by light send radiation. The particle must store energy before it can send radiation. So there are small breaks in the laser beam. Those breaks allow the outside energy field to fall into that quantum channel.