Could a massive Casimir effect between branes? Cause dark energy?

String theory can explain dark energy. The idea is that. Dark energy is the so-called positive energy that pushes things away from each other. There are many models that try to explain dark energy. One of those models is that. Dark energy is an energy. That traveled through wormholes. 

“A wormhole is a hypothetical structure that connects disparate points in spacetime. It can be visualized as a tunnel with two ends at separate points in spacetime (i.e., different locations, different points in time, or both). Wormholes are based on a special solution of the Einstein field equations. Wormholes are consistent with the general theory of relativity, but whether they actually exist is unknown. Many physicists postulate that wormholes are merely projections of a fourth spatial dimension, analogous to how a two-dimensional (2D) being could experience only part of a three-dimensional (3D) object.” (Wikipedia, Wormhole)

When energy or wave movement moves through the Einstein-Rosen bridge. That energy acts like water, which travels through the energy channel. In that model, dark energy forms in the maser emission. When a wormhole transports through the universe, the energy that travels inside it pulls energy into it. So it turns the wormhole’s outer shell colder, and it starts to pull energy into it. That energy that wormhole. Or an energy tornado that forms a channel through the universe increases the energy level of that wave movement. When that energy comes out from the wormhole, it increases the expansion of the universe. This means that the wormhole condenses energy from around it. 

“Open strings attached to a pair of D-branes”. So, could that effect mean? Do branes act like Casimir plates?

“Casimir forces on parallel plates” (Wikipedia, Casimir effect)

Casimir effect, image from Quanta magazine. 

“A wormhole visualized as a two-dimensional surface. Route (a) is the shortest path through normal space between points 1 and 2; route (b) is a shorter path through a wormhole.” (Wikipedia, Wormhole) 

If we connect the Casimir effect with the Brane theory, we can create a model where branes act like Casimir plates act in the Casimir effect. If the massive Casimir effect is behind dark energy, that explains why it seems to interact only between large megastructures. 

“In 1948, the Dutch physicist Hendrik Casimir recognized that in the narrow space between two conducting plates, not all quantum fields can pop into existence. In this region, the long wavelengths get cut off. This leads to a lower energy density inside the plates than outside. The mismatch of energies creates a force that tries to push the plates together.”(Quanta). 

But if those energy fields that push those plates together are identical and their force is symmetrically the same, that causes the standing wave that pushes those plates away from each other. 

But in another version, the key element is that. The giant Casimir effect. Forms the dark energy. The idea is taken from the Casimir effect. In that effect. Two metal plates that are close to each other form an energy between them. Or as we know. The Casimir effect doesn’t form energy between two metal plates. It condenses energy between plates. Those that are close to each other. In models, the giant quantum fields can also act like Casimir plates. That means that the Casimir effect can be connected with the Brane theory. In Brane theory, the universe or spacetime forms. Of so-called branes. And those branes  can act as Casimir plates. in the Casimir effect. That energy. Starts to push plates away from each other. The outside energy tries to push those plates together. But standing waves don’t give in. 

In the Casimir system. The system collects energy using virtual particles. The Casimir effect begins when electrons jump between those plates. That forms the energy channel or energy vacuum. Side-coming energy fields try to feel those eruption channels. And that condenses energy into those points. There is a possibility that the universe-scale Casimir effect condenses energy between giant megastructures. When we think about the distance between the plates or the field, that makes the Casimir effect possible. Things that affect the Casimir effect are the stability of the system. The size of those plates is also important. 

https://www.quantamagazine.org/string-theory-can-now-describe-a-universe-that-has-dark-energy-20260114/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brane

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casimir_effect

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_energy

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_Sitter_universe

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wormhole

Finally, astronomers understand why black holes grew so rapidly to become so large.

“Computer visualization showing baby black holes growing in a young galaxy from the early Universe. Credit: Dr John Regan” (ScitechDaily, Astronomers Solve the Mystery of How Black Holes Got Big So Fast)

In a young, chaotic universe, the first primordial black holes were small. They formed straight from radiation. Or radiation-particle interaction. Those small primordial black holes formed in a universe that was denser. And that was. In a higher energy level. So, when somewhere in that hot universe, a black hole. That thing had more material and energy than in the modern universe. That it  could pull inside it. That matter and energy feed the black hole. That caused a situation. Where those black holes could grow very fast into supermassive black holes. 

Black holes form in the ultra-high-energy reactions in the universe. Or, actually. Those black holes form just after the supernova explosion. The energy that the star releases in the supernova explosion forms a bubble. Small cosmic void. Only a very heavy star can form a black hole. When that void starts to collapse, it crushes matter into a very dense form. And if that impact energy is high enough, it pushes matter, subatomic particles, and quantum fields into the one entirety called a singularity. 

In cases where the black hole forms in quark-gluon plasma (QGP or quark soup). That thing can raise its mass very fast. The quark-gluon plasma  formed just after the Big Bang. There formed whirls in a high-energy radiation field. The reason for that was that a space allowed the superstring’s vertical and horizontal movement. In this model, the radiation that left from the Big Bang was first coherent. But then. A free space formed in the energy field. 

Those whirls pulled so-called superstrings inside them. In that case, the Schwinger effect formed the first particles. In that space, even a micro black hole can grow its mass rapidly. And the most important question in modern cosmology is this: Which came first: particles or black holes? The model is that. The black hole can form straight from quantum fields or radiation. Those Kugelblitz back holes could form just after the Big Bang. But did they form in quark-gluon plasma or before, or after that stage? 

The minimum mass of the black hole. The Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff (TOV) limit is about 2-3 suns. When a supernova explosion happens, part of the star’s mass escapes into the universe. And that means the star’s mass must be about 5 times higher than the Sun’s mass. The mass of the supernova remnant must be so high that the neutron star collapses. That is one way to handle black holes. But the TOV equation is made for the modern universe. 

But then. We must realize that in the very young and chaotic universe, the small primordial black holes formed the mass centers. Actually, even at the beginning of the universe, when the first quarks or electrons formed. It is possible that energy travels in the electron, or some other ball-shaped object. Then the energy jumps back from inside that quantum ball. That effect can form the cosmic microvoid, which collapses. That forms a miniature black hole. Which starts. To pull energy and matter from around it. If that happens in the quark-gluon plasma, that thing can start the formation of the supermassive black holes very fast. In quark-gluon plasma, energy and matter were in a far denser formation. In those conditions, even a small black hole can grow very fast.  

https://scitechdaily.com/astronomers-solve-the-mystery-of-how-black-holes-got-big-so-fast/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kugelblitz_(astrophysics)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micro_black_hole

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark%E2%80%93gluon_plasma

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tolman%E2%80%93Oppenheimer%E2%80%93Volkoff_equation

What time is it on Mars?

 

Time is moving faster on the red planet. This causes problems for high-precision location systems. The thing is that. Atomic clocks. They move faster in a weaker gravity field. That causes problems. for navigation on Mars and the Moon. If. Systems use GPS-style location methodology. The change in time dilation causes a difference in all systems that require highly accurate time measurement. That thing is one of the things that we should understand. 

Before. Starting to make a laboratory on the Red Planet. On the moon, where there are no clouds and atmosphere, the optical reconnaissance satellite can locate people and other things. The space suits can be equipped with a laser LED that tells the system. Who. It is in a certain location. This means the LED sends the code that the AI uses to give information on what the control or astronaut requires. 

That kind of system can connect target data. With. The topographic map. And that system can replace GPS if the astronaut is visible. The same system can also act as a communication tool. But when we think about the time dilation on different planets, the fact that time moves faster on Mars and the moon gives information about the form of gravity. 

We know that low temperature causes. The expansion. Of the atoms. In the case of a Bose-Einstein condensate, the energy level in atoms is at a minimum. The question is: does the low gravity cause a similar effect as low temperature causes in a Bose-Einstein condensate? 

If. The size of atoms and their core quantum fields expands. It turns weaker. That causes a situation. Where things like quarks can start to move. And collide in those particles. Those collimations cause free energy to be released in the system. And that energy rips it into pieces. Because. Quantum fields are weaker near a weak gravity center. The quantum field pressure against atoms should be weaker. 

The thing that causes the difference in time is that. Near. Planet Earth. Quantum fields are denser than near planet Mars. This causes an effect where particle evaporation is faster than on Earth. Quantum fields are weaker near the Red Planet. Energy or wave movement has more space. Where. It can go. 

So, we see that effect in the cases. These particles will turn into energy. Or wave movement faster. Than on Earth. On the Red Planet researchers can measure. What effect on the size of the atoms? Does the weaker gravity have? If the size of particles is larger. That allows the subatomic particle move freely. And that can cause collisions between quarks. Those collisions can affect the existence time of the particle. When quarks hit each other, they can send energy waves to the atom. Energy. What comes inside the atom can also increase the level of free energy. 

https://scitechdaily.com/what-time-is-it-on-mars-physicists-finally-have-an-exact-answer/

The mystery of “little red dots” is solved.

“Bright red dots scattered through James Webb Space Telescope images have confused astronomers since the observatory first began exploring the early universe. Scientists now say these mysterious objects are young black holes wrapped in thick clouds of gas, glowing as they rapidly feed and grow. (Artist’s concept.) Credit: SciTechDaily.com” (ScitechDaily, James Webb Solves the Mystery of the Universe’s “Little Red Dots”)

Little red dots in the distant universe are young black holes. Those black holes are in the middle of the gas. And that makes their environment glow red light. Black holes stretch light as well as they stretch material and time. That effect causes the so-called gravitational, or virtual Doppler effect, also known as gravitational redshift. That thing turns the black hole’s halo red. 

This means that light. That comes from the black holes. Or. near them, and is transferred to the red side of the electromagnetic spectrum. And the distance to black holes is always closer than it really is. This is one thing that we always remember when we measure distances to black holes. 

“Dark matter may have formed blazing hot in the moments after the Big Bang, rather than cold as scientists long believed. Credit: SciTechDaily.com” (ScitechDaily, The Big Bang’s Biggest Mystery? Dark Matter May Have Been “Red Hot” at Birth)

So, those little red dots are black holes that put a gas glow around them. Those objects can also tell. About things. Like dark matter. There is a suggestion that dark matter behaves just like visible matter near black holes. That means that the dark matter particles can form a similar structure to the same points. Near black holes. With visible matter. We should see those particles. If. They collide with each other. The black hole makes those particles glow. 

But the problem is that the visible matter's glow is so bright that it covers the energy that hypothetical dark matter particles send below their shine. There are stars near the Sgr* A that shine much bighter than they should. The reason for that could be the dark matter flow that travels through those stars. 

The star collects dark matter around it same way as Sgr* A and other black holes. Near that supermassive object, dark matter particles collide. That means they send energy impulses to the star. In. Other models. Dark matter particles tunnel through the star. And in that process, they transfer energy into an atom’s quantum fields. That means the dark matter particles blow energy to those stars. And makes them hotter than they should. 

https://scitechdaily.com/james-webb-solves-the-mystery-of-the-universes-little-red-dots/

https://scitechdaily.com/the-big-bangs-biggest-mystery-dark-matter-may-have-been-red-hot-at-birth/

Quantum matter and quantum engines.

"In an extreme quantum material, electrons stop behaving like particles altogether. Yet instead of losing order, the system reveals a new and unexpected form of quantum structure. (Artist’s concept.) Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, This Quantum Material Breaks the Rules – and Reveals New Physics)

The matter that behaves like wave movement, or follows the wave movement, can turn an object invisible to all sensors. In those cases, the matter follows along the wave movement. And quantum fields cannot cause reflection in those materials. 

The new quantum technology can make outstanding-looking things. The ability to control matter. By benefiting from its internal quantum oscillation. It's the latest thing. That can make it possible to create material with new forms and abilities. What if? Could we make a material? Where are all on the same side?

 So the electrons travel around atoms like a Wankel engine's piston, and that can make a new way to control electromagnetic fields that interact with matter. The idea is that the atom's electron curtain acts like a time crystal, but on a larger scale. This thing could control quantum fields around the matter with extremely high precision.

But another possibility is to create matter that is solid and liquid at the same time. This thing can give new and powerful abilities to material. This type of material. It can enable the development of materials that automatically repair their own damage. The quantum materials. Seems like regular materials. They have new abilities. These form in the subatomic particles. And their interactions. Quantum technology is quite similar to nanotechnology. But the scale of that technology is far smaller.

Incredible flying machines and invisible materials.  

"U.S. Navy videos of alleged UFO sightings were previously available but had not been officially declassified. (Image credit: U.S. Navy)" (Space.com, 'UFO' videos declassified by US Navy). The video shows an object traveling at hypersonic speed. 

Can this be possible someday? Could neutrino beams explain the mystical shine around some so-called "UFOs" (Unidentified Flying Objects)? 

Neutrino beams can also control visible light around the object. And the antimatter can explain their extremely long flight time. Compared to their size. Those UFOs can have a terrestrial explanation. They could be. Some. Test vehicles. But. Nobody ever confirmed. Creation. Of those kinds of systems. So those cases remain open. 

The thing that makes material visible. There are standing waves between atoms. Light waves reflect from those standing waves. A neutrino beam or some other quantum effect can remove those standing waves, and the electron fields of the atoms are synchronized. That can create a situation where matter turns invisible. The electron curtain must only have a position where the lowest electron is in the lowest energy level. 

That makes light. And. Other electromagnetic fields. Travel in a certain direction. In the same way, if those atoms allow electromagnetic fields like visible light slide over them, and there is no reflection between those atoms. That causes a situation where there is no reflection. 

A new quantum technology can make incredible flying machines possible. The system must have the low-energy point in the middle of it. And when quantum fields. Will travel to that point. The system will lock the object at a certain point in the air. The system can adjust its position in the air. By. Changing the energy field symmetry. In some ideas, the thing that makes this low-energy point is the neutrino beams. Antimatter. It can. Be used. To create the needed neutrinos. 

Those neutrino beams act like thermal pumps. They transport energy out of the craft. And that causes the effect that fields fall to the middle of those neutrino pikes. This thing locks the object in its position. And then the symmetry of those neurino beams is changed. That changes the symmetry of locking fields. 

There is an idea. that the saucer-shaped craft will hover in the acoustic bubble. The system uses the plasma ring that orbits the saucer. When the plasma wheel makes contact with the saucer, that contact pushes the craft forward. There is possiblity that the antimatter can create those neutrino beams that the system uses. 

https://scitechdaily.com/this-quantum-material-breaks-the-rules-and-reveals-new-physics/

https://scitechdaily.com/this-quantum-breakthrough-could-change-how-materials-are-made/

https://www.space.com/ufos-videos-declassified-navy-release.html

Hawking radiation and its meaning.

"Black holes formed of different materials should have different information encoded on their event horizons, and it is not understood if or how that information is then encoded in the outgoing Hawking radiation. Recent work from 2023 has suggested that even horizonless objects may emit Hawking radiation as well, but that result was discovered to have been ruled out in the literature historically: way back in 1975."(BigThink, It’s time to stop teaching the biggest lie about Hawking radiation)

"Hawking radiation is one of the most incredible phenomena in the Universe, which will eventually lead to the complete decay and evaporation of the most gravitationally profound objects of all: black holes. According to no less an authority than Stephen Hawking himself, this operates based on particle-antiparticle pairs spontaneously being created by the quantum vacuum, where some members escape, leading to evaporation. But Hawking’s explanation isn’t just misleading, it’s completely incorrect. Black holes don’t emit matter or antimatter via Hawking radiation, but low-energy photons. Here’s how they really evaporate." (BigThink, It’s time to stop teaching the biggest lie about Hawking radiation)

Initially, I must say that Hawking radiation is not involved in antimatter annihilation. Things. Like back hole jets and blazars, explosive galaxies can form antimatter. The antimatter form occurs when a high-power jet travels through a galaxy and its quantum fields. And those fields and their interaction with high-energy particles. Turns some of those particles’ spins opposite. And that forms antimatter particles. The origin of the Hawking radiation is somewhere near the event horizon. 

Sometimes, there is a suggestion that. Hawking radiation forms when two subatomic particles. Turn into quantum entanglement. When another part of the quantum entanglement penetrates through the event horizon, it can conduct energy out from the black hole. The event horizon is the point where the escape velocity reaches the speed of light. In that area near black holes, energy and high-energy particles orbit the singularity. Precisely at the point of the event horizon, the wave movement starts to spin around the black hole. 

There are locked photons at that point. And those photons. They can turn into quantum entanglement with other photons. In that case, the energy that is stored in or near a black hole can be conducted out from that space. In some other models, the photon that falls through the event horizon is the thing that sends energy impulses through the universe. In those extreme conditions, even the small things mean something. So, near a black hole, the photon itself can be partially in the event horizon. 

“The most common, and incorrect, explanation for how Hawking radiation arises is an analogy with particle-antiparticle pairs. If one member with negative energy falls into the black hole’s event horizon, while the other member with positive energy escapes, the black hole loses mass. And outgoing radiation departs the black hole. This explanation has misinformed generations of physicists and came from Hawking himself. One of the errors inherent to this explanation is the notion that all of the Hawking radiation arises from the event horizon itself: it does not.”(Big Think, It’s time to stop teaching the biggest lie about Hawking radiation)

That means a photon acts like an antenna that conducts energy out from the event horizon. Anyway, in all those cases, the Hawking radiation. It can have. Such a mall transmitter. That means the radiation impulse that this radiation sends. Affect in such a small area. That's it. Cannot cause a visible anomaly in the particle’s behavior. In that model, Hawking radiation. Just tunnels through particles without causing a strong enough energy transfer, so that researchers can detect it. 

The model. It goes like this: Hawking radiation is like a small string. That makes a tunnel through a particle. All particles are actually ball-shaped quantum fields. When. A high-energy radiation wave has a small diameter. And it tunnels itself through the particle. During that process, the small-diameter radiation string pushes the particle’s quantum field away from its path. The particle’s quantum field is separated from that of the string. And the edge of the hole is at a higher energy level than the string. This denies energy transfer to the shell of the particle. This is one version of the models that could explain why Hawking radiation is so strange and hard to detect. 

There is a possibility of Hawking radiation. It is like neutrino radiation. But on a smaller scale. If. We think that neutrinos play a vital role in matter formation. We can think. That. Hawking radiation has the same role. On. A smaller scale. Neutrinos can form the quantum points where neutrinos take energy away. That makes the effect. There is energy around the neutrino and channels. Neutrinos take energy with them. That makes it start to travel to that channel and neutrino. 

And that effect presses particles to that point. Neutrinos deny. The form of standing waves. In the monoatomic objects. Like hydrogen stars. Without those quantum dots, their energy can travel and conduct energy away from particles. the standing waves push particles away from each other. There is a possibility that Hawking radiation forms similar energy dots in subatomic particles. That keeps them in their form.  

https://bigthink.com/starts-with-a-bang/hawking-radiation-really-work/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blazar

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawking_radiation

Can the cosmic web cause dark interactions in the universe?

On top of that text. Is the image. Of. The cosmic web. The cosmic web is the giant structure of colossal strings. The image shows that the cosmic web forms structures that seem like neurons. This causes the cosmic web, sometimes called “Cosmic neural structure”, which causes ideas of the intelligent universe.

The dark energy source can be in empty areas near the cosmic web. Maybe. They collect energy and then reflect it, causing energy asymmetry. Those. Lower-energy and less dense areas. Which seems darker, can act like vacuum bombs. They focus energy. And reflect it. 

The denser areas in the universe transmit energy waves more strongly than the less dense areas. But the thing is that. Energy always travels out from denser structures. 

And then that energy spreads faster. So a denser structure can. Only focus energy more effectively than the area outside it. The energy wave that travels in denser structures stays together, or keeps its form better, than energy waves that travel into less dense structures. 

If energy is released into a cosmic bubble, like the Boötes void, that energy jumps back from the middle of that void. This means that the cosmic voids act like vacuum bombs. They collect energy in the middle of the bubble and jump it out of it. This kind of cosmic bubble void can also exist outside the galactic superclusters. So. Those cosmic bubbles can exist in the extremely low-energy areas in the universe. They can collect energy. And then send it back. And that can be one of the reasons for dark energy. 

Dark energy and dark matter are things that cause grey hair for researchers. The question is: what puts energy into motion in the universe? The answer can be found in the cosmic web, also known as cosmic megastructures. That megastructure forms a denser particle-energy field formation than areas outside the megastructure. This means energy flows away from the megastructure. This causes the asymmetry in energy fields. 

The energy flows from the web to the environment around it, happening throughout the whole trip, but the strongest energy flow is released from the ends of those giant strings. If the “walls” of those. Giant structures. They are denser than their internal structures, so that energy also goes into the middle of those structures. That means those structures form the maser effect that turns their internal structures into a high energy level. The energy is interacting, and also things like particles outside that cosmic structure send wave movement, because they vaporize or turn into energy faster than particles in that structure. 

If the densest part of the structure is its shell, that means the strongest energy wave travels in that shell. The structure acts like a giant maser that transports energy into the shockwave, a pressure front that travels at the edge of the universe. If. The cosmic web is the structure that sends dark energy, which can explain why that energy affects only the largest structures. 

The cosmic web, or one of the veins. Or its massive strings send wave movement through the universe. The wave’s size is so colossal that it can move only another string. The system sends those waves through. Extremely thin. Matter and energy fields. So the mutual gravity in those strings doesn’t let galaxies and galaxy clusters travel away. So those energy impulses move those giant structures. As. An entirety. 

The dark matter can be dark because it. Because identical particles form that matter. Or. Maybe. Those particles are almost. Identical. And if those particles' energy level decreases all the time. When their distances grow from the energy center, they don’t violate even the Pauli exclusion principle. 

The idea is that the dark matter particles. Form a cloud of identical particles around the visible matter. Because. Those particles. Are identical. 

Only their energy level decreases when their distance from the visible particle decreases, which means energy travels without resistance out from the visible particle. If those dark matter particles are identical, that means they act as 2D materials do. But. That action is in the 3D space. 

The difference between the universe and the laboratory is that. The universe is far bigger, and energy is spread over such a large area, that it cannot form a detectable echo or reflection. Another thing is that. The system that is in the universe between those cosmic web strings has no edge. The energy travels between particles. That distance is over one meter. So, if those two particles, like protons or electrons, are over a meter, that is possible outside the galaxy superclusters. That causes a situation. That reflection of those particles spreads into such a large area. That. It becomes so weak. That. We cannot see it. 

This means the energy travels between particles, and only a small percentage of it impacts other particles. Because. The gravitational interaction is similar to that of dark matter and visible matter. 

That means. Dark matter is denser near those cosmic web strings. That causes an effect where energy travels out from those strings. It travels into space, which has a far lower energy level than. This low-energy matter is around the cosmic web. And that causes an effect where energy travels out from that area into the area where dark matter particles are over longer distances than they are near those cosmic web structures.

The reason we cannot see dark matter can be found. In. The system models. The system model can describe that visible matter, or visible particles, can be so bright that they can cover other particles with their shine. The idea is. The visible matter. It can be like a propeller. That aims energy, or wave movement, into the dark matter particles. Those dark matter particles can be smaller than electrons. This means that the visible matter sends energy into the harmonic system. That is a form of smaller particles. Those smaller particles can be homogeneous. 

Or close to the homogenous particle cloud. This means that the homogenous particle cloud can act like 2D matter. The cloud of quarks or some other particles can transport energy without resistance through space. This means that if energy travels through a homogeneous particle cloud, it can travel through it without causing an echo. The energy level outside that system is minimal, and that pulls energy only in one direction. 

That means the lower energy area. Simply. Pulls energy from the visible particle. That energy spreads through the system. The energy spreads into such large areas that it cannot cause reflection that we can see. Those systems have no edge, or the edge is so far that energy cannot form a standing wave at the edge of the system. 

https://bigthink.com/starts-with-a-bang/gravitationally-bound-expanding-universe/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bo%C3%B6tes_Void

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_matter

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_energy

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Higgs_field_(classical)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inhomogeneous_cosmology

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Large-scale_structure_of_the_universe

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pauli_exclusion_principle

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Void_(astronomy)

Quantum entanglement formed microwaves in the quantum system.

“When quantum particles work together, they can produce signals far stronger than any one particle could generate alone. This collective phenomenon, called superradiance, is a powerful example of cooperation at the quantum level. Until now, superradiance was mostly known for making quantum systems lose their energy too quickly, posing challenges for quantum technologies.” (Phys.org, Quantum spins team up to create stable, long-lived microwave signals)

Actually, the quantum system didn’t generate microwaves by itself. It cannot create energy from emptiness. The quantum entanglement condensed microwave field. Or transformed other energy fields or wave movements. Each radiation is a wave that moves in the field. Microwaves are one of the types of wave movement that have a specific wavelength. As we know, quantum entanglement means. A system. Where. Two elementary particles oscillate with the same frequency. A thin energy string connects those particles. 

The quantum entanglement. It is like an axle that binds fields from around it. Energy travels to the lower energy side of the quantum entanglement. This is one way to transform one wavelength into another wavelength. Quantum entanglement can also act. Like. A guitar string. This means that if wave movement interacts with quantum entanglement and energy travels into the superpositioned and entangled system from the end of the quantum entanglement. It puts the string between those particles to oscillate. The wavelength of that oscillation is the same as the string between those superpositioned and entangled particles. 

******************************************************

Quantum entanglement can also make the warp bubble possible. The system conducts energy. From. Quantum entanglement. This acts like a wire and harnesses energy from the tunnel that goes through the craft. This energy. That is conducted to the shell of the craft. And travels to the craft’s environment, which pushes energy flow away from the shell. The system acts like a wind harp. 

******************************************************

The system can work like a wind harp. When. The moving energy field interacts with the quantum entanglement. It puts those quantum strings oscillating. This means that quantum entanglement can change any wavelength into any other wavelength. This is the system. That can have many possibilities. In communication. And energy production technologies. There is a possibility that the system can harness energy in two layers. Quantum entanglements between those layers harness energy from moving fields. And conduct it to those layers. This kind of system. It can theoretically give energy to systems. Those are extremely distant from stars. If. That system is installed in the interstellar spacecraft. It can harness energy from the tunnel that is pulled through the craft. 

Then it can conduct this energy to the craft’s shell from inside. And it can make the warp bubble around the craft possible. The idea is that the system that harnesses energy is like a wire that friction heats in a ramjet engine. The system conducts energy to the shell. That is made using homogeneous material. This system pushes energy out from the shell. And pushes the quantum fields that travel past it away. That thing should decrease the scattering effect. And it can make the warp bubble possible. 

https://phys.org/news/2025-12-quantum-team-stable-microwave.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warp_drive

Europa’s oceans are silent.

"Cutaway illustration of Europa’s icy crust, subsurface ocean, and possible vents that transport material to the surface. Credit: NASA" (ScitechDaily, Scientists Say Europa’s Ocean May Be Too Quiet for Life)

Jupiter’s  Europa-moon oceans can be dead. So, new research suggests. That there are no lifeforms under that moon’s icy surface. When we think about Europa’s oceans. The Europa moon's oceans. They are not like oceans on Earth. Those oceans remain liquid because the gravity of that moon is very weak. Jupiter’s gravity causes powerful tidal waves. Under. Icy shell of that interesting moon. This tidal force causes the water whirl around that moon’s core. 

"A new study led by Paul Byrne, an associate professor of Earth, environmental, and planetary sciences, raises doubts about whether Europa’s ocean could support life at its base. By analyzing the moon’s size, the composition of its rocky interior, and the gravitational pull it experiences from Jupiter, the research team found little evidence that Europa has the kind of active geology thought to be essential for life. Their results suggest the moon lacks tectonic movement, hydrothermal vents, and other forms of underwater activity that could supply energy to living systems." (ScitechDaily, Scientists Say Europa’s Ocean May Be Too Quiet for Life)

And this thing makes the magnetic field for that moon. The magnetic field. Denies cosmic radiation and radiation that comes from Jupiter’s plasma ring from destroying water molecules on the Europa moon. Europa is the icy water moon. This means that magma, which is the liquid rock under Earth’s shell, is replaced by water in Europa. 

Magnetic field. Forms when the magnetic mineral dust in the water spins around the core of that moon. So, can there be lifeforms in that moon’s ocean? The thing is that there are no things like fish. The creatures that researchers may hope to find are primitive bacteria-type organisms. If those organisms exist, their metabolism will be very slow. 

There is a possibility that those organisms can synthesize oxygen from water. Using electrolysis, which can form when the noble and base metals are near each other. This electrolysis might not be very effective. But if there are no beasts in that ocean, that can be enough for those organisms to maintain their processes. Those things are only guesses. But the thing is that. This moon can also be dead and cold. But the thing is that Europa itself is interesting. That moon can tell. About conditions. What is on icy planets, and why can those planets that can be giant ice giants exist? 

There may be no geothermal energy in Europa. This means that the core of that moon. It can be. A very small. Thing. Without radioactive material. And the energy that keeps the oceans liquid forms when tidal forces and the cryovolcanos cooperate. The cryovolcano forms low pressure. Under the moon’s icy shell, that weak gravity keeps water molecules separate. The tidal forces. Puts those molecules in motion, in the weak gravity. Because of. In weak gravity, water can be liquid in far lower temperatures than on Earth. If there are lifeforms, those lifeforms can hover in the freezing water rather than be on the bottom of the moon. 

We can determine life as a self-replicating structure. Those structures can react and interact with each other. The fact is. Nobody knows what organisms on other planets or moons look like. Some models suggest that. On very low-temperature moons or planets, DNA can create ice bites. These are DNA-controlled. There is a model. That alien organisms can be water ice. And theoretically. The nanobubbles can form a similar structure to the DNA. Those things cannot be stable on Earth. But. In very low-energy, stable conditions, it is possible that the self-replicating structures can exist. 

https://scitechdaily.com/scientists-say-europas-ocean-may-be-too-quiet-for-life/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europa_(moon)

Does dark energy exist?

"The universe’s accelerating expansion is usually attributed to an unseen force called dark energy. New research proposes that a deeper understanding of gravity and spacetime geometry might explain this behavior without invoking such a mystery. Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, What if Dark Energy Doesn’t Exist? New Theory Could Rewrite Cosmic Expansion)

There are two types of energy, or quantum fields, in the universe. The local fields that surround galaxies and other gravity centers. And the global fields. These are sometimes called Higgs fields. Those fields are the base energy fields in the universe. Global fields exist in space between galaxy clusters. And they determine the minimum energy level in the universe. The expansion of the universe affects the global field more strongly than the local fields. The local field is like a bubble. That form is when energy and matter are. Pack around gravity centers. 

Like. Galaxies and black holes. Because those gravitational centers pull energy around them, the particle evaporation, or quantum evaporation, is slower around those gravity centers. When particles outside those local fields turn energy. Or wave movement faster than particles in the local fields. It can cause an effect that we cannot see. That evaporation form. When quantum fields turn weaker. Energy. 

That comes from the global field pushing local fields and turning their geometry. That quantum wind forms energy shadows that move objects inside those fields. So. When that energy hits the quantum field around the galaxy clusters. It. Forms a similar halo. The sun forms near Earth. The energy of those objects with the minimum energy level. It is not very strong, but there are lots of those objects. Far more. Than in the galaxy clusters. This means that the local fields around galaxies don’t let that energy come through them. 

The local fields are complex internal bubbles that surround stars, star clusters, galaxies, local galaxy clusters, and galaxy superclusters. Those fields make it hard to detect radiation that comes from the space between galaxy superclusters. So that energy can push the galaxy's halo. The halo around galaxies is far heavier. Than. A galaxy. When that halo moves, the galaxy in it moves. The problem is that. The galaxy is the dominant object. But the galaxy is not alone. Along. With the surrounding halos, dwarf galaxies, and star clusters, it forms the local system. The local system. It is very complex. Each dwarf galaxy has its own halo inside the main halo. Those halos are formed of dark matter and visible matter. 

That means other objects around the galaxy move in the same way relatively to the galaxy. So the virtual position of the dwarf galaxies around the massive or full-size galaxies remains the same. Or it's the same relatively to the central galaxy. Because. The local system. Remains in the same form. That means the local system moves as an entirety. The movement is hard to detect. If. The observer is that system. 

This halo is one of the things that makes it hard to detect low-energy objects. Outside. That halo. In the same way as local quantum fields, those halos are multi-layer bubbles that surround single galaxies. Local clusters. And super clusters. 

So if dark energy is the movement in the Higgs field. The next. Question is: What pushes that field into motion? The Higgs field. The base energy field is all around the universe. That field determines the base energy level in the universe. And the expansion of the universe. Causes the effect. The Higgs field turns weaker. This effect pulls energy out of particles. 

"AI-generated picture of the expansion of the universe. Credit: ZARM, Universität Bremen (AI generated)" (ScitechDaily, What if Dark Energy Doesn’t Exist? New Theory Could Rewrite Cosmic Expansion)

Again, does dark energy exist? That depends on how we determine dark energy. Is it energy? That just cannot. Travel through the galaxy's halo? Or, is it so weak energy or energy that the source is in such a small particle that we cannot separate it? The halo around the galaxy is so bright. That. We simply. Cannot see the radiation that is between galaxies. The problem is that the halo around the galaxy is so high-energy that it covers the energy. That is the particle at almost the minimum energy level. Transmits. In the case of dark energy, we should ask: What pushes energy in motion? Things like stars in the galaxy. And high energy. Shining nebulae cover that weak background radiation. Under. Radiation that comes from stars and other objects. 

The fact is that nobody knows. Dark energy can be a virtual situation that forms when the universe expands. Universe’s expansion. Causes a situation where quantum fields. Around particles turn weaker. That means material, or rather, particles, evaporate faster. This means particles turn into a wave movement. A particle is actually a pack of dense wave movement. The quantum field outside it. Keeps it in form. So when the energy level in the quantum field decreases. 

The energy level. Around the particle decreases. Particle releases wave movement. This increases energy in the universe. At the same time. When. The universe expands. The distance between objects rises. This causes the gravity effect between objects turn weaker. 

Quantum Evaporation. Along. With. A weaker gravitational effect. It can explain dark energy. Then the key problem is this: why is that thing so hard to detect? We should rather say why we cannot see that effect in small-scale systems. Things like galaxies and black holes are gravity centers. They pack energy fields around them. This means that. 

The large-scale quantum evaporation or particle evaporation. It cannot happen near galaxies. This means that the universe’s expansion doesn’t have a direct effect on the field around galaxies. Massive gravitation, along with energy that comes from stars, keeps that local quantum field, at least, more stable than the global field. The global field is the quantum field. Or the Higgs field, which is between galaxy clusters. The universe's expansion affects the global field more strongly than it affects the local field. 

https://scitechdaily.com/what-if-dark-energy-doesnt-exist-new-theory-could-rewrite-cosmic-expansion/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_energy

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_matter

https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Higgs_field

Can antigravity be real?

"The gravitational behavior of the Earth around the Sun is not due to an invisible gravitational pull, but is better described by the Earth falling freely through curved space dominated by the Sun. The shortest distance between two points isn’t a straight line, but rather a geodesic: a curved line that’s defined by the gravitational deformation of spacetime. The notion of “distance” and “time” is unique for every observer, but under Einstein’s description, all frames of reference are equally valid, and the “spacetime interval” remains an invariant quantity." (Big Think, Ask Ethan: Why is there no such thing as antigravity?)

Theoretically, it is possible to create antigravity by putting particles into spin very fast. That spin binds energy from quantum fields around those particles. But then. If those particles spin, stop. They release energy that they bind during the spin. If. Those particles are things. That. Forms a gravity field, which makes the antigravity possible. 

Can antigravity be real? The answer is no. But theoretically, we can try to explain the theoretical model of antigravity. There is no such thing as negative mass or negative energy. But why is that thing? The model of gravity suggests that spinning particles. Form energy pothole that we see as gravity. This model suggests. That gravity forms when particles spin and bind energy from their environment. And then the other fields will fall to fill the hole that the spinning particle makes in the quantum field. This means that those fields pull. Particles. And other things with them. That thing makes the pothole, or causes the curvature in the spacetime. That. We know it as the gravity field. 

"An animated look at how spacetime responds as a mass moves through it helps showcase exactly how, qualitatively, it isn’t merely a sheet of fabric. Instead, all of 3D space itself gets curved by the presence and properties of the matter and energy within the Universe. Space doesn’t “change shape” instantaneously, everywhere, but is rather limited by the speed at which gravity can propagate through it: at the speed of light. The theory of general relativity is relativistically invariant, as are quantum field theories, which means that even though different observers don’t agree on what they measure, all of their measurements are consistent when transformed correctly." (Big Think, Ask Ethan: Why is there no such thing as antigravity?)

The antigravity can be the situation. Where. Those spinning particles stop spinning. That makes them release energy. That energy can be the antigravity, because gravity forms when spinning particles bind energy into them. And that means the antigravity is the opposite effect of those particles. In that case, the same particles that bind energy and form the gravity pothole while they spin. Simply. Release that energy. But can something like a black hole completely stop or change its direction? Normally, particles are spinning 1/2 rounds. 

When those particles are spun 1/2 round, they start to change their direction. That causes an effect. Those particles must release their energy at the point. That. They slow down. And. Start to turn. A particle releases photons or energy waves. 

"The way to make a realistic warp drive involves manipulating the energy field and the spacetime curvature of the region around a spacecraft. By compressing the space in front of you at the expense of rarifying the space behind you, it’s possible to shorten the distance between the point of origin and your destination. This requires some form of negative mass/energy to work, however."(Big Think, Ask Ethan: Why is there no such thing as antigravity?)

Like. Other wave movement types. The gravitational waves form in cases where the center of gravity releases or binds energy. When a particle’s spin changes or slows, it must release energy. So, when the gravity center, like a black hole, changes its spin speed, that forms interference in the fields around it. So the antigravity would be the effect that the spin of all particles in the gravity center stops. And sends the wave movement that the wavelength is as long as gravity waves. This kind of effect could theoretically fill that pothole. 

The thing is that if the particle has spin that is higher than one, that particle would turn invisible. So, we can think that the particles. That spin has no limit will be invisible. Because. Only cases. That. The particle sends a wave movement. Or photons make it visible. But a particle is invisible when it binds energy.  The thing that makes a black hole visible is the halo and transition disk.  That is when a black hole absorbs energy from around it. This means the energy level of those areas is extremely high. Sometimes the radiation level from those halos and material disks rises so high that those things push material away from the black hole.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spin_(physics)