Time is not universal.

The time is not stable. Even in our solar system. Time runs differently on different planets. Clock runs faster on Mars than on Earth. The difference is minimal. But that causes problems with atom clocks. And that is the thing that makes problems for things like GPS on Mars. Same way. The massive stars cause time to move more slowly, for example, near Betelgeuse than near the Sun. In the same way, there are points in the universe. 

There is no time. The thing that makes time run slower on Earth. Than. On Mars are the quantum fields. The larger and heavier object. The Earth pulls quantum fields denser near Earth. Than Mars. And that causes the situation. The particles' evaporation is slower near Earth. These kinds of things matter in very high-energy and massive particles. But this raises a question: Is time an illusion? The quantum interaction that we see is a particle’s evaporation. Or particles turn into wave movement. This is one of the ways we see time. When we think about the ultimate objects. 

Black holes, we can say that there is a point. There is no time. Time depends on the speed. The photon that travels at the speed of light has no time. In the same way, the black hole’s event horizon is the point. There is no time. Time dilation means that the particle’s evaporation turns slower. In the speed of light. And in these cases, the escaping velocity is the same. 

As the speed of light. That means time is stopped. When escaping velocity. Turns higher than the speed of light. That turns particles younger. And if the escaping velocity is higher. Than the speed of light. The particle delivers photons. And that means. It turns into a wave movement. 

The particle. That is. On that point. Reaches energy stability. The particle receives as much energy as it releases. And that means that. The particle will not turn. Younger or older. If the particle’s spin is high enough. It could store more energy than it releases. And that will make that particle invisible. 

So, as long as particle packs quantum fields around it. It turns younger. But that thing makes it a black hole. The object that binds more energy than it releases. The idea of the Tipler cylinder. Or Tipler's time machine is simple. The cylinder that surrounds things like giant spaceships spins at the speed of light. That denies aging in that spaceship. But the problem is this. The Tipler’s cylinder just locks energy in the objects. That means the particles’ energy level stays stable. But the expansion of the universe causes a situation. 

There, the energy level around the cylinder decreases. And if the craft sometimes comes out of that cylinder. That thing can cause energy escape. That destroys the craft. So the expansion of the universe decreases its energy level. Or, it decreases the energy level of the visible energy. The expansion of the universe causes matter evaporation. 

Because it decreases the energy level of the quantum fields. This means that the expansion of the universe. Causes a situation. That matter turns into energy. And that is one determinant for time. But another determinant is this. We can lock time. We can turn particles younger. But can we make a time machine? If we want to travel to the future, we can create the Tipler cylinder. 

If the particle’s evaporation happens in the cosmic voids or outside the universe. That evaporation can be a source of dark energy. When particles send light quanta into cosmic voids. Or, outside the universe. Those light quanta travel faster than they should. When they impact denser or stronger quantum fields. 

They will send subquanta. That means that dark energy could be seen as some kind of Cherenkov radiation. Another thing is this. When a neutron travels out from the atom's core. Their existence remains about 15 minutes. Then down qurk turns. Into up quark sending W-boson.  This means that the down quark doesn’t turn into an electron. Itself. The other down quark. It forms a W-boson, and that sends an electron. The down quark turns into an up quark. And a neutron turns into a proton. 

Then neutrons turn into electrons, protons, and an antineutrino. This happens when quarks turn into those particles. There is a small possibility that the dark energy could be radiation.  That quarks send just before they turn into some other particles. The dark energy could be a result of radiation. That is sourced. in some extremely short-lived particle. 

That is a one-way time machine. But in the case that we want to travel to the past. We need time. That affects the space.  Does time affect space? We know that retrocausality is real. This means that information can travel from the future to the past. The retrocausality means a situation. That particle or information  seems to reach its goal. Before it is left from the beginning point. This means that the matter. Or photons, or electrons  that traveled through quantum fields. 

Like a cloud of ultra-cold radium atoms, aging slower than they should. This means that gamma-rays from those atoms pump energy into those photons or electrons. This doesn’t mean that those objects will not reach the goal before they leave from the start. That means that gamma-rays can slow down individual particles' aging. But if we want to create real retrocausality. We must realize the situation. Something that comes from the future exists from that point. This means that retrocausality. It is a very hard thing to prove. 

But if we think that the gravity field and escape velocity slow the aging of particles. We call that thing time dilation. Things like cosmic voids cause opposite time dilation. Their extremely low energy quantum fields. Let energy escape faster. From the particles. This means that time moves faster in cosmic voids. If the energy level outside the universe is lower. Than. It's in the universe. And there the particles evaporate immediately. There is a possibility that this kind of evaporation. The particles are the reason for the dark energy. 

When we think that the time is particle evaporation. That means time stops somewhere in the future. When all matter turns back. Into energy. That means that time is over. But otherwise, if time affects space. Not. Just matter. That causes a situation. That may be how black holes transport information back to the point. There it left. 

https://www.aol.com/physicists-discover-time-may-illusion-115100062.html

https://www.livescience.com/physics-mathematics/quantum-physics/time-might-be-a-mirage-created-by-quantum-physics-study-suggests

https://www.popularmechanics.com/science/a71526768/curved-time/

Negative time detected.

Time turned opposite in low-energy photons.

The term negative time. Means a quantum phenomenon. A quantum phenomenon where photons, or light particles, appear to exit a medium before they have finished entering it. 

Interesting quantum paradox: Reversible time detected in photons that traveled through the atom cloud. In these tests reseachers shot a low-energy laser pulse through an atom cloud. They measured the time that was traveled backward in that test. The phenomenon that causes these effects is the quantum field that surrounds every single particle, from quarks to atoms and planets to black holes. When low-energy photons travel through those quantum fields. 

Their energy travels to those photons. This effect is measurable only in cases where the photon’s energy level is lower. Than. The energy level of the quantum fields that surround those atoms. If the energy level of a photon is higher than the energy level of those quantum fields, energy travels out from the photon. And we cannot see that time reversal. So, for detecting this effect, the photon's energy level must be as low as possible so that it can transfer energy into itself. And that thing is possible only. If energy travels to photons. 

The low-energy photons. Make invisibility and freezing beams possible. 

The ability to create photons that transfer energy into themselves. We must realize that this kind of photon can make it possible to create the “opposite laser beam”. Or the freezing beam. The laser. That sends very low-energy photons to the surface can make new types of high-energy technology possible. The beam that transports energy out from the layer can protect things like satellites against the laser beams. Those systems can also be used to make objects stealth against the laser scanners. Low-energy photons simply. Pull energy out of the laser beams. This means that those photons make the reflection weaker. 

Sometimes, the low-energy photons are suggested as the reason why we cannot see Planet 9. There is a possibility that low-energy photons. That which surrounds the hypothetical, extremely cold world denies the reflection. Those low-energy photons can pull so much energy out from the photons that come from the sun. That makes the reflection so weak. That we cannot see it. The low-energy photon cloud. It can make objects invisible by pulling. All energy from other photons that travel to it. 

https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.03680

https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20250306-the-bizarre-quantum-paradox-of-negative-time

https://www.bluequbit.io/blog/negative-time

https://www.ecoticias.com/en/scientists-detect-negative-rime-future/17213/

https://www.sciencealert.com/negative-time-really-does-exist-new-experiments-suggest

What time is it on Mars?

 

Time is moving faster on the red planet. This causes problems for high-precision location systems. The thing is that. Atomic clocks. They move faster in a weaker gravity field. That causes problems. for navigation on Mars and the Moon. If. Systems use GPS-style location methodology. The change in time dilation causes a difference in all systems that require highly accurate time measurement. That thing is one of the things that we should understand. 

Before. Starting to make a laboratory on the Red Planet. On the moon, where there are no clouds and atmosphere, the optical reconnaissance satellite can locate people and other things. The space suits can be equipped with a laser LED that tells the system. Who. It is in a certain location. This means the LED sends the code that the AI uses to give information on what the control or astronaut requires. 

That kind of system can connect target data. With. The topographic map. And that system can replace GPS if the astronaut is visible. The same system can also act as a communication tool. But when we think about the time dilation on different planets, the fact that time moves faster on Mars and the moon gives information about the form of gravity. 

We know that low temperature causes. The expansion. Of the atoms. In the case of a Bose-Einstein condensate, the energy level in atoms is at a minimum. The question is: does the low gravity cause a similar effect as low temperature causes in a Bose-Einstein condensate? 

If. The size of atoms and their core quantum fields expands. It turns weaker. That causes a situation. Where things like quarks can start to move. And collide in those particles. Those collimations cause free energy to be released in the system. And that energy rips it into pieces. Because. Quantum fields are weaker near a weak gravity center. The quantum field pressure against atoms should be weaker. 

The thing that causes the difference in time is that. Near. Planet Earth. Quantum fields are denser than near planet Mars. This causes an effect where particle evaporation is faster than on Earth. Quantum fields are weaker near the Red Planet. Energy or wave movement has more space. Where. It can go. 

So, we see that effect in the cases. These particles will turn into energy. Or wave movement faster. Than on Earth. On the Red Planet researchers can measure. What effect on the size of the atoms? Does the weaker gravity have? If the size of particles is larger. That allows the subatomic particle move freely. And that can cause collisions between quarks. Those collisions can affect the existence time of the particle. When quarks hit each other, they can send energy waves to the atom. Energy. What comes inside the atom can also increase the level of free energy. 

https://scitechdaily.com/what-time-is-it-on-mars-physicists-finally-have-an-exact-answer/

The arrow of time.

 The arrow of time. 

The idea of the arrow of time, or time arrow, is when a high-energy beam or particle travels past some object or particle that transfers energy to that object. That should cause time dilation. But there are two things that make the time arrow unable to work in the modern universe. First, there is too much space in the universe. That means energy that the time arrow pumps to the object just travels away from the object immediately. 

That makes it impossible to see the time arrow and its effect on the object. The other thing is that if we think that time is like a river and we shoot an arrow against the flow, we know that this arrow makes the whirls. But those whirls are so short that we cannot detect them, and turbulence and chaos, and entropy are covering those things. So it's hard to detect the phenomenon that the arrow causes if there are rapids at that point. 

The black hole is one type of time arrow. There we could see the arrow of time. The reason for that is in the material and energy disk that will not let energy out from the black hole. In that case, the material disk acts as the time arrow, and that thing packs energy into the event horizon. So the black hole is like a tube where the high-energy structure pumps energy. Time dilation is also possible to see in places like particle accelerators. Their energy level is so high that researchers can see how the short-lived isotopes exist longer than they should. 

So, what should we do if we want to make a time machine? In this text, a time machine means a system that can travel to the past. We should make the tube or structure through which the laser, or some other particle beam, travel through a tube-shaped structure. The idea is that the tube cannot release its extra energy anywhere. 

The outside energy field must also press that structure into its form. And the beam that travels through the tube pumps energy into it. That thing can cause time dilation in the tube. That is one vision of the thing that bases the idea of the arrow of time. 

The idea is that time is energy. When a particle travels in the universe, it releases energy or receives energy. That means when the particle gets more energy than it receives, the particle turns younger. And if a particle receives energy, it turns older. The thing that makes time machines very hard to make is that the future is at a lower energy level than the past. If we make the time machine, there is a possibility that we will never be able to step out of that system. In the model where time is energy, the lower energy level in the future causes a situation where the energy flow out from the system turns so fast that it destroys the system. 

There is a possibility that the scientists of the future pack data into the balls. Then that researcher creates a black hole around those capsules. And sends information to the past. The system can be based on the spin of the nanotubes. When the capsule is at the right point in time, the system stops its spin. And that should make it possible to transport information through time. 

The idea is that all objects are in a gravitational pothole. That pothole means that all objects that have mass follow the present. The pothole forms in time dilation when spinning particles store energy in it. Or those particles turn the outgoing fields into the form of kinetic energy. When those spinning particles slow, they release their energy. And the present point in time reaches those objects. 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrow_of_time

https://thatsthenatureoftime.blogspot.com

The black holes and time reverse.

 The black holes and time reverse. 

If we think that black holes travel in the opposite direction in time than other universes because the escape velocity in the event horizon is higher than the speed of light. We must realize that black holes can also give a model of why it's so hard to transmit data from the past to the future. The redshift outside the black hole’s event horizon is extreme. The black hole stretches light. And that means the black hole seems to be at a longer distance than it really is. The gravitational redshift is the thing that stretches space and time. But then. We can go inside the event horizon. 

And ask what makes particles so hard to escape from the black hole, we face an interesting thing. In the event horizon, the wavelength turns extremely short because the outgoing field impacts that information. But outside the event horizon, the gravity stretches the wave movement. 

When particles and wave movement come through the event horizon, that is the point where the escaping velocity reaches the speed of light. This means that for escaping the black hole, the particle must get a speed that is higher than the speed of light. 

The outgoing wave movement impacts particles that are just below the event horizon. There is a possibility that particles and wave movement start to rotate the center of the black hole just below the event horizon. And it's possible that those particles can reflect radiation that attempts to get out from the event horizon. The wavelength of the wave movement that tries to escape from the black hole becomes extremely short. The outgoing wave movement presses the incoming wave movement into the black hole. When the wave turns shorter, it turns higher. And there is the quantum show behind it. 

 But if some kind of radiation tries to escape from the event horizon, that thing faces an interesting effect. The wave that turns very short inside the black hole will stretch outside it. And the end of the wave is in the event horizon. That pulls energy out from that wave that falls back into the event horizon. But then we can see the event horizon. If the energy level of that point is higher than the energy level in the event horizon, that thing presses all particles back to the black hole. 

The shape of a black hole is the whirl or whirling pothole in the quantum fields or spacetime. That whirl can take information to the point where a black hole forms. 

Then we can go to the time travel paradox: why is it so hard to get information from the future to the past? 

The model goes like this. Time is the dimension that flows from the beginning of time to the ultimate end of time. The energy level in the future is lower than the energy level in the past. The reason why it's so hard to get information from the future is that. When information travels against the time flow in a wave form, that time flow will turn that wave shorter. So the information wave that comes from the future will be very short. The idea is the same as putting a serpentine to the river. 

From the upper river that is past the serpentine, it keeps its form or stretches. But if the serpentine tries to travel back to the upper flow, it turns short or it warps. If we connect that information wave to the higher energy particle, which allows the information to travel against time. We face one thing. That time flow will pull the serpentine straight. Another problem is that if an extremely high mass object is connected to information and travels in time flow, it’s possible that it turns into another black hole. And information cannot be reached until the black hole is vaporized. 

There is an interesting model that the hypothetical civilization at the end of time sends an information ball to the past. They create a black hole that travels to the past. That civilization will create massive data storage and then lock those archives into the black hole. That information travels to the beginning of time. The idea is that all black holes can travel in time. But they cannot create information from nowhere. They store information that they collect from their trip to the point where the black hole’s existence began. But the theoretical artificial black hole at the end of time will not include information that is naturally stored in it. But it can transport a library or archive to the past. 

https://thatsthenatureoftime.blogspot.com

Time collapses at the quantum level.

When a particle releases information or energy it turns older. When a particle receives energy it turns younger. 

The time arrow (or arrow of time) means energy flows from one particle into another. When a transmitting particle sends energy it turns older. The receiving particle gets extra energy and that causes time dilation in that particle. Time arrows also exist for information. In some models, the Big Bang formed when two different ways traveling time arrows, the time arrow that travels forward and the time arrow that travels back in time impacted. 

The new theory says that time existed before the Big Bang and space is one of the forms of time, we face models where time is like a path or river. The three-dimensional means that there are two-time arrows. Those time arrows move to the future and to the past. When one arrow moves to the future it releases energy. That energy pushes particles around it back in time. Or it forms another time arrow that moves in the opposite direction. 

One and the most regular time arrow goes forward or to the future And the second time arrow will travel backward. The third dimension of time exists between those paths. We can think that we are in the river and the flow takes us with it. We see the bottom of the river. We see that we move over the bottom and because there is garbage in the river we cannot see the destiny. 

In the universe or quantum systems, there is also garbage and hummus. They are particles and reflection between particles is the reason why we cannot see the end of that road. We would see the end of the river “easily” if we just put our heads above the surface. But that requires that we just raise our energy level to so high that we can go out from the 3D spacetime. 

"Illustration of the dual arrows of time in open quantum systems. Image generated by AI." (Sustainability Times, “Time Breaks Down at Quantum Scale”: New Scientific Discovery Shocks Physicists and Redefines the Laws of the Universe)

The light cones or time cones can introduce situations where time arrows impact. If two time arrows impact that can cause some kind of explosion. And can the impacting time arrows or information that they involved cause things like the Big Bang? If we look at the time, or light cone we can think that we live at the hypersurface of the present. That could be the third dimension of time that formed when two time arrows or time cones imacted. 

The reason why I always compare time to the river is this: Time itself is the thing that always moves. If we try to swim against that river we need more energy to win that flow. This is the reason why we cannot make time machines as easily as we think. 

We cannot affect time itself. But we can affect how time behaves near us. Time is like a river. Near the bottom and sides, the time moves slower. When the energy level of a particle decreases, the energy flow’s speed away from it decreases. 

That means when the energy in the particle closes to energy minimum its flow slows because the energy level’s difference between the particle and its environment determines how fast energy travels out from the particle. If that difference is high energy flows out from the particle faster than if the difference between energy levels of the particle and environment is low.  

So, when the particle releases its energy fast, that thing means that it creates a fast time arrow that pushes other particles or time arrows back. The idea is that when a particle releases its energy, some other particle receives it. That causes time dilation in those particles. 

In closed quantum systems like in black holes. The particle has no space to avoid the time arrow. A long time researchers thought that the time arrow could move back in time.  Only in closed systems, because in open systems time arrow or energy flow pushes particles away from it's route. The energy flow can cause time dilation only if it is stored in a particle.  And the particle must not release that energy somewhere. 

The first time British researchers confirmed two ways of two-dimensional time arrows in open quantum systems. "This revelation challenges the notion of irreversible processes and suggests a more complex relationship between time and entropy" (Sustainability Times, “Time Breaks Down at Quantum Scale”: New Scientific Discovery Shocks Physicists and Redefines the Laws of the Universe). 

That thing might not bring time machines into our hands. But it helps to understand the nature of time. The opposite time arrows are thought to exist only in a closed quantum system. Time is the dominating element in the universe. 

However, if a traditional time model has two dimensions, back and forward, we face one question: what if we stand between the time arrows? Does that thing make us or the object to stretch and start existence in the past and the future at the same time? Those things are interesting philosophical ideas. 

https://www.sustainability-times.com/research/time-breaks-down-at-quantum-scale-new-scientific-discovery-shocks-physicists-and-redefines-the-laws-of-the-universe/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrow_of_time

Time arrow, and neutron stars.

The neutron star and its jet. That jet can act as a time arrow in the neutron star's magnetic field. The speed and energy level in those jets is incredible. That means they can cause time dilation in the fields and particles around them. The time arrow or arrow of time means that when a particle or higher energy wave movement travels through an object. It pushes energy into it. And that causes time dilation in the objects and fields around it. 

The time arrow is one of the things that can make things like retrocausality possible. The time arrow is the model where particle or wave movement travels near the object and pumps energy in it. That thing causes time dilation in those objects. So when time travels forward in some object, that means the energy that this object releases pushes other objects back in time, because it transmits energy into them. The energy is one of the shapes of time. 

The time arrow means that when we transfer lots of energy to some object we can dilate time in it. But when we stop the energy pumping, that means energy travels out from the object faster. The time dilation causes a situation that the object leaves behind in the time. 

So the object starts to travel in time faster than other objects. We can see that thing as wave movement that the object sends. When an object sends energy that energy travels to other particles. 

The lifetime of the neutron is about three minutes. Then neutron divides. But neutron stars can remain for a very long time. And one of the reasons for that is the gravity and the spin of the neutron stars. The spin along with gravity can form time dilation. Which means. Neutron stars can slow time on their surface. But, there is another thing that causes the divide of neutrons to be slower in neutron stars than the time dilation. 

The neutron star is a supernova remnant. That means a neutron star has no nuclear reactions inside it. But the gravity of those structures. They are about 20 kilometers in diameter and pull gas and dust to the neutron stars' surface. 

That means there is a nuclear fusion on the neutron star's surface. That thing forms an energy ring around the neutron star. That energy core pumps energy to the neutron star. There are two types of neutron stars, regular neutron stars and magnetars. The last ones have the strongest measured magnetic fields in the universe. The magnetar is a low-mass neutron star whose shell rotates around its core faster than the high-mass neutron star's core. 

It's possible that in some magnetars the internal structure rotates opposite direction than the outer shell. If we think about the possibility that neutron stars' outer shell rotation speed is near the speed of light, and the internal structure rotates backward. That can cause the situation to turn opposite in the neutron stars. 

The idea of the time arrow is quite simple. Everything that travels forward in time is a time arrow. When one particle moves forward in time, it transfers energy to particles around it. That dilates time in those particles. And if that energy movement is high enough. Time arrow can push those particles back in time. 

The idea is that the fast-rotating shell is the thing that acts as a time arrow. It can pump energy into the neutron stars. That thing means that time can travel different speeds in the neutron stars core and neutron stars outer shell. 

The internal structure of a neutron star is a mystery. There is a theorem that below the shell is the neutron liquid. That neutron liquid has about the same density as iron. But that material is much heavier. The neutron star's core is a great mystery. There can be the quark structure or neutron crystal. But that thing is purely hypothetical. 

In low-mass neutron stars, the shell can be separated from the neutron liquid, that surrounds the solid-state neutron. In some theories, the high-mass neutron stars can involve even black holes. The idea is that the neutron star's shell can orbit or rotate outside the small black hole's event horizon. The speed of that shell must be so high that it will not fall through the event horizon. Proving that thing requires the high-mass magnetar existence. 

Or maybe that kind of high-mass neutron star will not create a magnetic field because the neutron shell is not rotating as fast as in magnetars around the neutron core. So in those extremely massive neutron stars can be two neutron layers. And it's possible that they can have a very weak magnetic field. The black hole has no magnetic field itself. The magnetic field can form in plasma interaction where plasma balls rotate at different speeds. 

But that kind of hypothetical neutron star is no plasma. The magnetic field forms when the neutron cores are rotating each other at different speeds. And in the heavy neutron stars, those shells are locked against each other. And if the neutron star's shell rotates at the same speed as the neutron star's core there is no magnetic field. The magnetic field can form when plasma orbits neutron stars. 

Civilizations can use neutron stars to transfer even stars. 

There are theories that neutron stars can give energy to civilizations. That hypothetical civilization can aim material at the neutron star shell, and that gives the jet to the targets. The neutron star's magnetic polarity means that our hypothetical civilization can turn its position. 

And then. It can inject material into that target. The neutron stars' jets can move things like stars and planets. It's possible that those jets can put the star flash or even detonate it. But the thing is that the spider pulsars can make a softer punch than the neutron star's jet can make. 

https://phys.org/news/2025-02-physicists-uncover-evidence-arrows-emerging.html

 https://scitechdaily.com/are-alien-civilizations-using-spider-pulsars-to-move-stars-across-the-galaxy/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrow_of_time

What if photon arrives before it leaves?

The idea of time dilation is an interesting thing. The time dilation means that when the energy level rises time slows on the object. The same way gravity acts on the objects near gravity centers. That makes the model possible that gravity pulls some fields to the gravity center. 

The field that travels to the gravity center makes objects "shine". Or, that pumps energy to them. This slows time in those particles. And that is one form of time dilation. 

Because those fields travel to the gravity center. They pump energy to the particles that are in the gravity pothole or near the gravity center.  Time dilation makes it possible that a photon can theoretically arrive before it leaves.

We can think of the crossing speed of light as the case where somebody throws the ball in an aircraft. If the speed of the ball is 15 km/h if measure is made in the aircraft. But if we measure that speed from outside the airplane it travels at 800 km/h. The speed of the ball is 815 km/h. Then we can transfer that example to the traveling fields. 

The light cone. The time stops when the speed of the particle reaches the speed of light. And turns the opposite. When a particle crosses the speed of light. The black hole's event horizon is the point where escaping velocity reaches the speed of light. Inside the event horizon, all particles travel at the same speed. If the field travels with the speed of light particles, that travel in the field can cross the speed of light outside the field. The field is space. And if the speed of space is the speed of light particles can travel in that space faster than light travels outside that field. 

Can a photon arrive before it leaves? 

In the cases. That photon arrives before it leaves. That would be hard to detect. The photon exists from the point where it is born. And the same way if something happens in the past that exists from that moment. So we cannot see if a photon forms before it arrives. But for us, the photon exists from the moment that we see it. And that causes a nice little paradox. The question is: can the photon that arrives before it is born collide with itself? If photon form before it arrives that can cause the quantum entanglement between those photons. But can a photon really make that thing? 

Again: can a photon arrive before it leaves? 

That requires that time turns to the opposite. That thing is not possible if the photon itself cannot cross the speed of light. In time dilation time turns to the opposite only if gravity turns the escape velocity higher than the speed of light. That means gravity is the thing that can turn time opposite only behind the black hole event horizon. Another case can be when the photon leaves in the cosmic void.

The point where the photon leaves from the photon source must be very close to the edge of the cosmic void. And when the photon travels with a speed. That is higher than the speed of light outside the void it can make that thing. Theoretically, that thing is possible when the photon travels from the cosmic void to the water. 

That can make it possible that time travels in photons backward when it impacts water. The impact energy can turn time opposite in photons so much that photon travels back in time. 

If that time reversion is strong enough. The photon can arrive before it leaves. In the real world, the cosmic void cannot be in a bubble of water. But there may be ice bite in cosmic voids. And when a photon hits that thing it can cause time reversion. 

The nature of time is interesting. The photon itself cannot have time. The problem is that the photon can cross the speed of light. But that must happen in space that is isolated from the space where light travels slower.  The speed of light is slower in water than in vacuum. It's impossible to create a space that combines those two spaces. The opposite time is possible only in cases where photon travels faster than light. 

The black hole pulls fields inside it, so there, the photon can travel faster than light travels outside the black hole's gravitational pothole. But the speed of light depends on the speed of space. And space is the energy field that takes photons with it. 

There is one hypothetical way to make a photon that crosses the speed of light. This requires that the photon is a ring-shaped superstring structure. The superstring that rotates very fast and then travels forward can theoretically make that thing. 

"Is time travel possible? Scientists and science fiction writers alike continue to imagine the possibilities. (Image credit: DKosig via Getty Images)" (Space.com, Time travel: Is it possible?)

But the photon cannot reach its target before it leaves in normal universe.

The photon can travel only at the speed of light. That is the speed of a photon. That is one of the cosmic constants. This means that the speeds that are below the speed of light the time dilation can affect only in particle's lifetime. So in normal spacetime, the limit of the time dilation is the photon's lifetime. 

There is also another thing that we must remember. The time dilation happens only on the particle's or object's surface. Or inside the object. That means outside observers might not see that thing happening. The problem with this kind of paradox is that. When something happens in the past. That thing has existed since that moment. 

So, if a photon can leave before it arrives that causes another interesting paradox. We can see the photon when it arrives. But a photon arrives before it leaves it can double itself. That means we cannot probably see when that happens. The photon exists when it leaves. And this means the photon that always leaves before it arrives pushes that event back in time. 

https://www.businesstoday.in/visualstories/news/a-photon-left-before-it-arrived-new-experiment-suggests-the-past-may-not-be-fixed-205958-30-01-2025

https://scitechdaily.com/a-revolutionary-new-physics-hypothesis-three-time-dimensions-one-space-dimension/

https://www.space.com/21675-time-travel.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_relativity

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_dilation