Dark matter or the invisible gravitational effect could explain something about dark energy.

There are galaxies full of dark matter. And galaxies, there is no dark matter. So in theory, dark matter can form glimpses that we can call planets or dark matter nebulas. The problem is that we can see only the gravitational effect that comes from something invisible. So the second dominating effect in the universe is almost unknown. 

Dark matter glimpses send gravitational waves similar way to all other massive targets. And that means when some particle travels through the dark matter nebula that nebula pumps gravitational energy to that particle. 

Sometimes introduced a theory that dark matter is virtual material. In that case, the dark matter or that gravitational effect is formed by the maser effect of the gravitational waves. When gravitational waves impact together. They have a similar effect to all other wave motions. When wave motion impacts other wave motion that has the same frequency. That increases the power of the wave motion. Same way as gravitation turns the direction of photons. 

It turns the direction of gravitational waves. In the same way, gravitational lenses are turning the direction of light. They are turning in the direction of gravitational waves. So if gravitational waves are traveling through the focus of the gravitational lens. That increases the power of the gravitational waves. 

When that particle comes out from the dark matter cloud it sends extra energy as the radiation quantum. The same way the neutrino acts when it impacts with neutrino detector.When a particle that has mass impacts water it sends a blue light flash. 

Same way when all other particles are slowing in the universe. They are sending light quantum. So when dark matter glimpse accelerates the particle it must release that extra energy when it slows. And in this point, we must realize that the speed of light might be different with dark matter than visible matter. 

When dark matter sends energy quantum that thing acts like a photon. Se that energy quantum faces the crossing wave motion. If the source of that energy or light quantum is in the dark matter particle it interacts with the energy quantum that is coming from other dark matter particles. 

But if that thing is true and dark energy is the radiation that comes from dark matter. That causes this part of the energy sources are not involved in calculations. And that thing explains why there is too much energy in space. 

The fact is that there is the possibility that dark matter is virtual material. In that case, the thing that makes this gravitational effect is the maser emission that affects gravitational waves.

Gravitation is the wave motion. And that means it's one kind of radiation. If gravitational waves impact each other, they form a similar effect to lasers and masers. When gravitational waves impact each other, that increases their power. That thing means that gravitational waves can theoretically form objects like black holes. 

When somebody says, that a black hole formed from dark matter or straight from gravitational waves that thing doesn't mean anything about the shape of the black hole. The black hole is always similar. Material that forms this thing is packed in a form called the singularity. In that form time and material are the same.  

Even if a black hole is formed of antimatter. That material cannot react. The massive gravitation will make the annihilation impossible. And even if a thing may pull radiation black inside it. So that annihilation will be invisible from the outside of the black hole. Except that object could send the gravitational waves at that moment. 

https://artificialintelligenceandindividuals.blogspot.com/

What kind of place was the young universe?

Cosmologists say that the young universe was "hot", but they don't usually explain what "hot" means. There was a lot more energy in the early universe, and material along with wave motion was thicker than today. 

But the universe was not similar as its today. The reflection was stronger and cosmic inflation was extremely strong. Also, radiation was stronger, and that caused the vaporization of material to be slower. 

The material was at a higher energy level than it's now. But the base energy level of that system was also higher. And time was different in that system. 

The gravitational interaction was also stronger. The reason for that objects was closer to each other. But the electromagnetic interaction was different. The quantum fields and radiation pushed those objects and pumped more energy into them. 

In the young universe, two forces fought against each other. Radiation rips the universe into pieces and gravitation pulls objects back together. 

The expansion of the young universe was similar. But because the universe or the plasma bubble that forms visible material was smaller the effect of expansion was stronger. 

Strong reflection caused the speed of light to be slower. Or photons moved with more curving trajectories. 

Time was slower in the young universe. And there were situations where the photons were trapped inside the radiation. That means the high-energy material formed the photon crystals that formed standing photons inside that plasma. 

Because the material was thicker the effects of the things like supernovas were more powerful than its today. Those stars exploded in the young universe as super supernovas. 

The thing that formed those super supernovas was similar to the effect of the detonation in water. When some explosive detonates in water. Its effect is more powerful than if that explosive detonates in the air. 

Those super supernovas affected also other stars in the young universe. And their shockwaves can destroy many stars. The thing is that the life of the stars in the young universe was short and fast. 

The interesting thing in the young universe was that if we would be in that space, we would not feel that anything was smaller than in the modern universe. Everything was smaller in that strange space. Of course, the energy level of the young universe was higher than it's today. 

But that would not mean that the stars were "hotter" than in the modern universe. The terms "hot" and "cold" depending on the difference between the base energy level and the object. So if we think that the base energy level of the early or young universe would be two million degrees Celsius, that means the "zero kelvin" in that system is two million degrees celsius. 

The base energy level in our universe is -273,15 degrees Celsius or zero Kelvin. That thing is made in the laboratory. The Universe itself is at least three to four degrees hotter than the absolute zero point. 

But if we want to measure that temperature we must be outside that system. If we are inside that system the lowest possible energy level is 2 million degrees Celcius in our system. The thing is that we can measure only temperature differences, and the base temperature or energy level of the system is the energy minimum. Below that is no energy that we can measure. 

https://artificialintelligenceandindividuals.blogspot.com/

The water worlds are more common than we thought.

The water worlds are more common than we thought. So could the hypothetical planet X be the frozen zombie planet there are no internal nuclear reactions? There are plans to send a probe for searching that mysterious object which causes the errors in the trajectory of Neptune. Could that thing be the frozen water world there are no internal nuclear reactions? The thing that makes this hypothetical planet interesting is that it's invisible. 

Water worlds or planets that are covered by a water layer are more common than anybody expected. The water worlds can be planets there is liquid water. But there is also the possibility. That large-size objects are forming from ice. So in some theories, the mysterious "Planet X" is the frozen water world. In that case, hundreds of kilometers deep of ice can cover a large part of that planet. 

But in the case of "Planet X," we should talk rather about the "gravitational effect X" than some planets. One of the explanations why we cannot see hypothetical "planet X" is that the planet is so old that in its nucleus is no radioactive material left. And its nucleus is turning cold. In that case, the planet will not send its radiation at all. That means it's impossible to detect by using infrared. 

But when we are thinking about the water worlds there is one thing that can make them hard to detect. Water has one quantum state that we don't remember. That molecule is polar. So that means if the planet's magnetic field is very strong. It can turn water molecules in the same way. 

Two things can keep water liquid on hot planets. The first thing is gravitation. In an exoplanet, Gliese 436 gravitation causes the ice core covers the entire planet. Which surface temperature is over 400 degrees Celsius. And the second thing is the strong magnetic field. The strong magnetic field can also deny water vaporization. 

A strong magnetic- or gravitational field can turn the entire planet superconducting. That means the magnetic or gravitational field can remove oscillation from the minerals and other materials. And that thing turns planet superconducting. In that case, radiowaves can travel through this planet. 

The thing that can make the planet invisible is (almost) 100% reflection. There is a possibility that a certain level of radiation reflection creates a shockwave or standing wave above the layer. In that case, the standing wave motion will drive a large part of incoming radiation through that planet. And that thing makes it harder to detect. 

In that case, reflection impacts incoming radiation with the same power. Or the material will pull most of the radiation in it. And in that case, there is a possibility that the outcoming radiation pushes reflection back on that planet. We must remember that things like hypothetical "planet X" are extremely cold objects.  

And in that case, the oxygen or hydrogen atoms can turn outside. This thing forms a magnetic monopole. If the water is in the direction where all molecules are in the same direction it can turn the object hard to detect. In that case, there is no other emission than oxygen or hydrogen. 

If the temperature of the planet is extremely low. That planet turns into a superconductor. The superconducting planet could let radio waves travel through it. And in another case, the strong gravitational field can turn the planet superconducting. Superconduction means that the atoms or molecules are locked and their oscillation is removed. 

Normally researchers make that thing by decreasing the temperature. But also strong gravitation or a strong magnetic field can turn planet superconducting. 

https://scitechdaily.com/surprise-finding-water-worlds-may-be-more-common-than-we-thought/

https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/hypothetical-planet-x/in-depth/

Image: NASA

The new images of the Orion nebula are here.

New systems and new accuracy are bringing new details to well-known objects. The JWST-telescope is bringing a new view to the Orion nebula. And as you see the details are fascinating. The young star in the nebula rises its energy level. That thing causes incredible lightshow. 

The Orion nebula is an incredible target. Stars are forming all the time in that nebula. Which makes it an interesting target if researchers want to observe the birth of stars. The shockwaves in that nebula are causing that there are lots of young stars. 

There are a couple of details about those images that are interesting. One of those details is ghostly "hooded characters" or filaments in the nebula. Another is the waveform that is formed. There is also a chess-button looking structure in that nebula. 

When the energy level of the star changes. And the young star in its cocoon is also an interesting detail. Those details are marked in the second image. The image source is ScitechDaily.com. 

Images: https://scitechdaily.com/astronomers-blown-away-by-first-breathtaking-webb-space-telescope-images-of-orion-nebula/

Are we on the brink of finding extraterrestrial lifeforms as the Swiss government's scientists say?

The image above this text portrays an artist's imagination of an alien world with icy geysers. That world could be like the Triton moon of Neptune. And there is the strange planet in the sky of this world that can be somewhere. 

In this text, the focus is on the search for non-intelligent alien species. Those species can be like mushrooms or bacteria. And maybe those lifeforms are opening the window to the question of what kind of planet can host intelligent lifeforms. If some old planets are hosting only primitive organisms, maybe those planets can tell why nature started to favor intelligence in the case of our species. Why there is no other intelligent species than humans on Earth? 

Gliese 436 b is the planet covered by burning ice. The surface temperature of that planet is 431 Celsius. But strong gravitation denies the ice melting. That thing causes re-estimation for the term habitable zone. 

There must be liquid water on the planet. Well, liquid water is important for life forms. Put planet name Gliese 436 b brings new focus to that problem. The heavy gravitation pulls water to ice on this burning hot planet. And the same way there could be water worlds where the gravitation or air pressure denies water from boiling. 

So if we are thinking about the conditions of the forming lifeforms we should rather thinking the temperature on that planet than liquid water. The temperature on the planet can be so high. That amino acids cannot form. And if gravitation or pressure is high enough. That thing means that the planet can be burning inferno. But there is still liquid water. 

The extraterrestrial lifeforms are hiding. We know that they should exist. But the question is where those lifeforms are hiding because we cannot see them. The JWST telescope offers a new possibility to observe exoplanets. That telescope sees many things. 

But the extraterrestrial lifeforms are hard to detect. And the reason for that is we don't know what kind of lifeforms we should look for. If those exoplanets are far away. And even if some of those distant planets are covered by a dark forest. That will not mean that we could see that lifeform. Those lifeforms may look like our trees, but they will not release oxygen into the atmosphere. So in that case there would not be free oxygen in that planet's atmosphere. 

Things like water worlds are not more promising. There is a possibility that the temperature on those planets is extremely high. And if the gas pressure is very high. That means the ocean cannot boil even if the temperature on those planets is very high. 

In the atmosphere of one exoplanet is seen carbon monoxide. But that exoplanet is too hot to maintain lifeforms. If we are looking at the non-intelligent alien lifeforms we face one thing. The method that is used is to search for metabolites. But things like carbon monoxide can form otherwise than from burning forests. 

That gas can form when the carbon impacts free oxygen in the planet's atmosphere. That oxygen can come from the molecular nebula. And when that oxygen impacts an atmosphere where are lots of carbon. That can cause the formation of carbon monoxide. 

But at each time. When astronomers get new instruments they are closer to finding alien lifeforms. The problematic thing is that the non-intelligent alien lifeforms are hard to detect. 

https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/search-for-life/habitable-zone/

https://futurism.com/the-strangest-exoplanet-ever

https://futurism.com/scientist-brink-alien-life

https://www.wonderslist.com/10-strange-and-mysterious-planets/

Image: https://futurism.com/scientist-brink-alien-life

https://artificialintelligenceandindividuals.blogspot.com/

What kind of exoplanets do intelligent life forms need?

The artist's vision of the exoplanet "Proxima B". The surface of the closest known exoplanet, "Proxima B" or "Proxima Centauri B", could look like this artist's vision. 

If the planet's surface is too hostile there will not form lifeforms. Life as we know it requires liquid water. And of course, life needs the right environment for advancement. But when we are trying to think about what is the right environment for creating advanced civilizations we must realize one thing. 

There must be some reason for intelligence. The species must get some benefit from intelligence. And that means that if the conditions on the planet are too stable there is no need for intelligence. 

The planet that is favorable for the development of life is not necessarily favorable for the development of intelligence. There must happen something that makes evolution benefit intelligent lifeforms. 

Species like humans use intelligence to adapt the environmental changes. Intelligence makes humans more flexible than other species. We can make houses and clothes to protect us against the weather. 

The water layer on the planet itself cannot guarantee that life is possible on those planets. 

We can also move to places where no other species can live.  But the fact is that we must have the motivation to make that thing. 

But if the pressure on that planet is too high, the water can boil. Also, a strong gravitational field can cause the water cannot to vaporize. There are planets where massive gravitation pulls water to hot ice. 

The temperature of that ice can be extremely hot. But gravitation denies it's boiling. So water layer itself doesn't guarantee that life is possible on those planets. 

If we think of things like water worlds or planets that are covered by a water layer those planets can offer the perfect place for underwater species. The water gives good protection against cosmic radiation. 

But could those species turn intelligent and fly to space? The thing is that if those underwater creatures use volcanic temperature. They can create metallurgy.

And they can use the "space suits" filled with water. That allows them to breathe on the gills at drylands.  

In too favorable conditions a large number of descendants is enough. There must happen something. That makes species turn to favor the high-quality descendants. 

Species requires intelligence to find nutrient. And maybe the ice ages are the reason why humans are so intelligent. In those conditions, the ability to solve problems. And making new inventions was important for survivability. 

Intelligence is the key element of advanced technology. And advanced technology requires places where individuals can develop it. The key role in that process is the need for those inventions. 

Image: Pinterest

https://artificialintelligenceandindividuals.blogspot.com/

Dark energy: when stars shine is too bright.

  

The description of dark energy is simple. There is too much energy in the universe. 

Sometimes some researchers say that stars are shining too brightly. And that thing means there is some kind of unknown external or internal source for mysterious dark energy. Or actually, dark energy is no mystery at all. Its wave motion which source is unknown.  But what is the source of that mysterious wave motion? 

There is a couple of explanations for dark energy. 

1) Dark energy could be the wave motion that is coming outside the universe. That means there should be some energy sources that make this thing possible. So that thing (almost) proves the existence of the multiverse. 

2) Dark energy could be the quantum soundwaves coming from the quarks and gluons. The strong nuclear force is the interaction between quarks and gluons. And when gluon travels between quarks it causes a similar effect to the hammer that hits metal balls. 

In this model, there are two different types of dark energy. 

A) Gluons are sending short-wave dark energy

B) Quarks can be the source of long-wave dark energy. 

So dark energy can be radiation that comes from the gluons and quarks. And if we are thinking about the wavelengths of that radiation the shorter wavelength that comes from the gluons can be the hot dark energy. And the radiation that comes from the quarks is cold dark energy with a longer wavelength. 

3) There is an unknown source of dark energy. And that source could be graviton or some more exotic particle than we ever modeled before. Graviton is the source of gravitational waves if that particle existed. So if the graviton exists the place of that, still hypothetical particle is (almost certainly) between the gluon and quark. 

If graviton exists that could be extremely short living. If graviton is like the quantum spark that turns to wave motion immediately. That thing explains many things. That explains why we cannot observe gravitons. In that model, graviton turns wave motion immediately when it releases from its position. 

So that means graviton could be the chameleon particle. That we are looking for. In that model, the graviton is in all particles that have mass. But when graviton is released, it turns to wave motion. 

When graviton collapses it could pull another hypothetical tachyon particle into our universe.  

Or there is the possibility that when graviton collapse. That thing pulls the hypothetical tachyon particle from another dimension to our universe. As I many times wrote before, the dimension is energy level. In the same way, we can think that speed is also energy level. 

Tachyons are hypothetical  "faster than light" particles. But otherwise thinking we might say that tachyons are particles whose energy level is too high that we cannot observe them. So that means those tachyons are a little bit less exotic than we expected. 

Dark energy simply means that there is too much energy in the universe. 

What is dark energy? The answer for that is dark energy is wave motion that rips the universe into pieces. So description for dark energy can be that there is too much energy in the universe. And that means dark energy is wave motion whose source is unknown. 

One thing in dark energy is simple. It exists. Or the force that rips the universe into pieces exists. And that thing is one of the biggest questions in astronomy. What causes this strange wave motion that rips the universe into pieces? 

Dark energy shows that the standard model of physics is incomplete. The reason for that is that we cannot make a complete model of the system without complete information about that system. If some part of the system is missing the observation cannot match with theoretical models. 

The thing that makes dark energy interesting is that in quantum systems is one rule. Any system itself cannot create energy. It just can transform the form of the energy. So all extra energy that comes to the system must come outside of the system. Or if there are no other systems there must be an unknown component in the system that is the source of that energy.

The chameleon effect, what is it?

The chameleon effect is the thing that involves other effects in the system. There are two versions of that effect. 

1) Specific chameleon

2) Scaled chameleon. 

The specific or unique chameleon effect is the effect that involves two particles or objects. That chameleon is easy to detect because it rises or decreases the state of only a few objects in the system. And that makes those couple of objects more visible or brighter than others. And we know many specific chameleons, like the interaction between electrons and air molecules during lightning. 

But scaled chameleons also exist. The best example of scaled chameleons is gravitation. That effect affects all particles in the same way. The scaled chameleon affects the entire system. And that makes it hard to detect if an observer is inside the system. So this is the reason why we are hard to notice things like gravitons. Gravitons are too often that we cannot separate them from quantum porridge. 

Scaled chameleons are hard to detect inside the system. But if the observer looks at the system from the outside. The changes in the energy level of the entirety are easy to see. But observers cannot see the thing that causes those changes. 

If we look at the image above this text (M.C Escher's "Waterfall") we can see that the water flow is the chameleon that dominates the system. If the water flow will cut the observer sees that the water flow ends. But the reason for that remains unknown. 

Dark matter and gravitation. 

If painting "Waterfall" would be the real situation. The sound of water would be the chameleon effect. The chameleon effect is thing that is common for all actors in the system. The system or its borders limits the chameleon effect. If some chameleon effect or some chameleon particle can slip outside the system to another system. That means those things are the connectors between two quantum systems. And in the interaction of visible and dark matter gravitation is the effect that interconnects those two materials. The thing is that the dark and visible materials are different quantum systems. 

The gravitation interconnects those systems. And that is the smallest possible actor between those things. So if gravitation is the wave motion that has a source called graviton that means both quantum systems dark matter and visible matter contain gravitons. The problem is that nobody has seen gravitons yet. But if gravitation is a similar force to others. That thing means that gravitation has particle and wave-motion forms like all other fundamental forces. 

But is "Dark Energy" some kind of chameleon force? 

Dark Energy is one example of the chameleon effect. It affects everything but we cannot see its source. But we forget that the chameleon effect is not the same as independent fundamental interaction or fundamental force. Also, things like gravitation and electromagnetism are chameleon forces. 

And Dark Energy is the wave motion, which source is unknown. All fundamental forces are somehow waving motion. But the thing is that the chameleon force is not necessarily independent. It might be the wave motion that is outside the visible electromagnetic spectrum. 

The thing that makes dark energy interesting is that it affects large entireties. There is the possibility that dark energy is the wave motion that is coming out from quarks or gluons. That means that dark energy has a chameleon effect. But it will not necessarily be an independent force. It would be wave motion that affects straight to gluons or quarks. 

So if we think of the wave motion as the superstring, we could explain the dark energy. 

In some visions, the dark energy is like some kind of paperclip that hovers above paper. The paper is the large-size wave motion. And the paper clip is dark energy. When that paper hits the wall that paper clip impacts also the potential wall and causes an energy anomaly. Or otherwise, the dark energy could be like that paper. And visible energy is the paperclip that hovers above very long wave motion. 

In this text superstrings and wave motion mean the same thing. In fact, in dark energy theories, the dark energy can be on both sides of the visible electromagnetic spectrum. So its wave motion has a longer wavelength than the longest radio waves. And then another side of that mystic energy has a shorter wavelength than gamma- and x-rays. So in this model, there are two types of dark energy. 

1) Hot dark energy has an extremely high energy level and shorter wavelength than gamma rays. 

2) Cold dark energy with an extremely long wavelength and low energy level. 

But then we can think of dark energy as a very small superstring that hovers above the other superstrings. Or otherwise, other superstrings are hovering above extremely long superstrings. Those superstrings are wave motions whose wavelength would be shorter than gamma rays. Or longer, than the longest radio waves. 

So in those cases, the shorter wavelengths can ride hovering above the longer wavelengths. That longer wavelength or longer superstring denies the interaction between the shorter wave motion or shorter superstring and the environment. When a longer superstring hits something that causes it will start to stretch. And then that shorter superstring hits the wall causing an anomaly in the energy level. 

Image: Pinterest

http://curiosityanddarkmatter.home.blog/2022/09/07/the-chameleon-effect-what-is-it/

What is the solar cycle?

If we can predict the solar cycle, we could protect our electronic components more effectively. When the ion eruption from the sun starts we must shut down many satellites. There is a so-called SOHO (Solar and Heliospheric Observatory) Whose mission is to collect data about the sun and especially warning signs of solar eruptions.  

SOHO is the satellite system between Earth and the sun. That system's mission is to warn people that the ion eruption endangers communication and other satellites. The data that SOHO collects is used to make predictions for solar eruptions. And maybe someday there are so-called space weather broadcasts that warn people that there is a massive ion flow coming from the sun. 

The sun might seem stable. But the fact is that the energy production of our central star changes in a certain cycle. Radiation that comes from the nucleus of the sun pushes its core outside. And when the outer core expands pressure in the nucleus of the sun decreases. That causes nuclear fusion in the sun to turn weaker. Then gravitation starts to pull the core of the sun inside. And that increases nuclear fusion. Until that cycle starts again. 

Other things can cause an increase in the energy production of the sun. One thing is that the energy pike that comes from a neutron star or black hole impacts the sun. That thing can cause an increase in the nuclear reaction because those X- or gamma-ray impulses can increase the sun's temperature. That means many things can cause risks for electronic components. 

The new type of satellites are using lots of miniaturized microelectronics. That makes them very powerful tools. But those systems are vulnerable to electromagnetic impulses. So the fact is that we need a warning system also against the energy pulses that are coming outside our solar system. The energy beam must not hit the sun itself. 

The energy that hit the high-energy plasma in corona can cause devastating effects. The thing is that plasma sends energy quantum when the energy impulse or energy stress ends. 

That means that if some energy stress ends that thing can also cause devastating energy impulses. If some pulsar would send radio waves to corona for hundreds of years, and then that neutron star suddenly turns away. That thing can also cause massive energy bursts from the corona. 

Things like gravitational waves can affect things like quantum computers. But the plasma- or radio beam that hits the solar system can also cause problems. And if some X- or gamma-ray impulse hits the sun or plasma around it. The energy impulse is always interaction. Even if a high-energy beam hits the plasma around the sun that thing can adjust the plasma to a higher energy level. And then it sends energy impulses that can be devastating. 

https://scitechdaily.com/solar-clock-can-predict-dangerous-solar-flares-years-in-advance/

Which one was a first egg or chicken?

Helix Nebula in visible light. 

Two forces affect the planetary nebula. Those forces are electromagnetic forces of the giant plasma cloud. The shine of those particles is electromagnetic radiation that pushes particles away from each other. The electromagnetic interaction affects two directions. It can push, and it can pull objects. 

Another force is gravitation. That pulls particles together. The symmetry of those forces. Or repelling and pulling effects determines if there is a possibility that some kind of stars or planet form in those nebulas. 

The electromagnetic force between ions or monopolar particles that have the same polarity pushes those particles away from each other. the electromagnetic force between anions and ions is pulling particles together along with gravitation. 

When we look at the Helix nebula above this text, we see the shine. Image one is taken by using visible light. And the second one is in the infrared wavelength. That is the emission radiation of ions and anions. The supernova remnant in the middle of the nebula adjusts the atoms to a higher energy level. The shine comes from atoms that are adjusted from a higher energy level. That shine causes the repel of those ions if they are all ions. The electromagnetic emission radiation pushes particles away from each other and denies the form of stars. So there must form some center in the nebula, before the formation of stars begins. 

The center can be electromagnetic. In that case, the anion can slip into the ion plasma. And start to grow material around it. Or some other thing causes the disturbance that starts the formation of stars. That center must have so powerful pulling force, that it will win the electromagnetic repelling force of the particles. That have the same polarity. 

Helix Nebula in the infrared image. 

We all know the question: "Which one was a first egg or chicken?". When we are talking about rogue planets that are wandering around the galaxy, we can ask "which one was first, star or planet?"

When a rogue planet wanders into a galaxy. And when it faces the planetary nebulas that planet is creating a disturbance when it pulls that material to it. The movement trajectory of that material is similar to neutron stars or black holes. But the effect is weaker. 

That thing causes the whirls and impacts in that nebula. And impacted particles are forming the gravitational centers. 

Those gravitational centers are making the material pile up at those points. So the gravitational effect of exoplanets is making it possible that the stars and planetary systems to start forming. 

Mainly the term "Planetary nebula" means nebulas where lots of heavy elements. or their origin in exploded stars. Every heavier-than-hydrogen element in the universe formed in the fusion reaction in the stars. Without those elements, forming of planets is not possible. 

https://scitechdaily.com/rogue-planets-captured-by-stars/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planetary_nebula

Astronomers found a one-kind-of of the triple star system.

"Artist’s interpretation of HD 98800, a quadruple-star system located 150 light-years away in the constellation TW Hydrae. Bin Liu and Alejandro Vigna-Gomez suggest that the more massive tertiary-star system"

"TIC 470710327 could have started in a similar configuration – two binary systems with one of them eventually merging into one, bigger star. TIC 470710327 is located very close to “Cassiopeia”. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/UCLA" (ScitechDaily.com/“One of a Kind” Massive Triple Star System Detected)

The massive triple-star system TIC 470710327 is very special. The reason for that is those stars are extremely massive. The binary stars have a combined mass of 12 times the Sun. But the third component has the mass of 16 suns. 

The binary stars are orbiting each other very close. And because the third component is heavier than binary stars, that means the system is not yet stable. The binary stars might turn to orbit the third component. 

Because the third component is larger. That means the TIC 470710327 is not been a triple-star system very long time. Maybe the origin of this system is in the quadruple star. In that case, another pair of those star pairs have melted together.  

Or maybe, the binary star pair has impacted to heavier star's gravitational field. That explains why the heavier component is still orbiting the binary star. 

The star system is made up of a binary set of stars, two stars that orbit each other, and one more massive star that orbits the binary. There are many similar star systems in the universe. 

But the TIC 470710327 contains very heavy stars. And that makes it unique. Another thing that makes TIC 470710327 unique is that its third component is heavier than binary components. 

This kind of stellar system is interesting even if they have probably no exoplanets. But there is always the possibility that there are some cold exoplanets outside that system. Or those exoplanets can also orbit between those stars. In that case, those planets might be burning hell. There would be no lifeforms on those planets. But they might be very interesting. 

Even if planets cannot form in those solar systems there is always the possibility that the massive stars capture some rogue planets. There are calculations that many of the planets in the Milky Way are rogue planets. Those planets are formed of nova or supernova remnants after their star exploded as nova or supernova. 

Or the eruption of their star pushed those planets away from their orbiter. Maybe Pluto and most of the Kuiper Belt asteroids are turning to interstellar travelers after the Sun erupted nova when it used its fuel. 

https://www.sci.news/astronomy/massive-compact-hierarchical-triple-star-system-11014.html

https://scitechdaily.com/one-of-a-kind-massive-triple-star-system-detected/

https://www.thetechoutlook.com/news/science/scientists-discovered-a-unique-trio-of-stars-tic-470710327-in-a-major-development/

Why was NASA's Artemis mission postponed?

NASA postponed the Artemis launch. The reason for that is, that they wanted to be sure that this mission will be successful. It would be embarrassing if the Orion mega-booster will detonate on the launch pad. The key element in the Artemis mission is "Orion". That booster is the most powerful rocket ever created by NASA. And this rocket involves brand new technology that has never been used before. 

So Artemis is much more than some moon program.  It offers a framework for many R&D projects.  NASA can use the "Orion" booster in heavy missions. And one of those missions is to launch heavy satellites in higher orbiters. Also if NASA makes a manned Mars flight in the future, that mission requires a heavy booster to rise nuclear reactors to the Moon orbiter. 

If the nuclear rocket will put together and launched from the Moon orbiter that denies radioactive debris fall to Earth. But that kind of mission requires a heavy-duty booster. 

The U.S. military is concerned about the possibility that low-orbit satellites will be good targets for ASAT weapons. And therefore, the military authorities want to raise reconnaissance and GPS satellites to higher altitudes. 

But if the satellites are used for photo-recon missions that require larger optics. And those satellites are extremely heavy. Orion boosters can use to launch those large-size satellites to higher altitudes, where they are better protected against ground-based lasers and ASAT missiles. 

Artemis is a new concept. It has powerful AI and solar panels. Which are decreasing the use of fuel. The advanced power supply systems are making those capsules more capable than ever before. 

When brand new high-pressure technology is tested. Engineers must make them using very high accuracy. If something goes wrong there is the possibility that the booster will detonate. And that thing is not very good for missions that are planned for Orion and Artemis. 

Images and sources: https://www.space.com/news/live/nasa-artemis-1-moon-mission-updates

The James Webb telescope uncovered that strange rings surround a distant star WR 140.

The strange rings or cores surround distant star WR 140. Those concerning shells look like some kind of waves. There is a possibility, that those concentric shells are formed when gravitational waves are hitting material around that star. Those rings can be pressure waves from that star or they can be the result of gravitational waves. WR 140 is a variable that changes its brightness in a certain period. 

The WR 140 is the so-called Wolf-Rayet star. The surface temperature of that star is 70000K which is usual for Wolf-Rayet stars. Some of Wolf-Rayet stars have no hydrogen at all. They are burning pure helium or even heavier elements. 

Or another thing that could form those strange rings can be changed the energy production of that star. Space.com describes WR 140 like this: "WR140, located some 5,600 light-years away from Earth in the constellation Cygnus, is a so-called variable star that periodically dims and brightens. Whether the star's variability has anything to do with the mysterious ripples remains to be seen". (Space.com/Mysterious rings in new James Webb Space Telescope image puzzle astronomers)

The WR 140 is an old star that is gone out from the main sequence. The changes in energy production of that kind of star can cause the pressure waves that travel through the universe. 

WR 140 is the Wolf-Rayet star. Wolf-Rayet stars involve lots of helium, nitrogen, and carbon. 

Their surface temperature is from 20000-210000K. There are two main types of those Wolf-Rayet stars. The type 1 version of those stars is called classic (or Population I) Wolf–Rayet stars are evolved, massive stars that have completely lost their outer hydrogen and are fusing helium or heavier elements in the core. (Wikipedia/Wolf/Rayet stars). The temperature of those stars is extremely high. And that makes them interesting. 

https://www.space.com/james-webb-space-telescope-odd-ripples-image

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WR_140

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolf%E2%80%93Rayet_star

Image: https://www.space.com/james-webb-space-telescope-odd-ripples-image