How are researchers using Type 1A supernovas in dark energy and dark matter research?

Artist’s Impression of Two White Dwarf Stars Merging and Creating a Type Ia Supernova.

How Artificial intelligence researches dark energy and dark matter?

The Pantheon+ project collects data from the Type 1A supernovae, and then the data system makes a database about that collected data. Then artificial intelligence compares those data units with each other. In that case, every single Type 1A supernova is one data unit. And Partheon+ database contains data on over 1500 stellar explosions called Type 1A supernovas.

The Type 1A supernova is happening in the binary star system. And if researchers are lucky they can capture the data about the impacts of two white dwarfs. That kind of impact makes it possible, that astronomers can observe so-called, cold or dark shockwaves. In that case, the brightness of exploding star doesn't cover the possible halo of dark matter.

Type 1A supernovas happen in binary star systems where another pair is different than the brighter participant. And if the red giant explodes in that kind of system where another participant is a white dwarf or neutron star that explosion sends a shockwave that makes the smaller but thicker participant oscillate. Also material from the supernova falls to the small participant and that allows to give spectral information of material of the exploded star.

The Type 1A supernova, like all other supernovas, is a radical and violent phenomenon. In the past, some cosmologists believed that those explosions are the reason for the universe's expansion. Maybe those extreme effects have some kind of role in that thing. But that role is not very big.

When a supernova explodes it sends powerful shockwaves through the universe. And researchers wish that shockwave presses dark matter to the plate, which makes it visible. But that thing does not happen yet. But "new analysis holds that 66.2 percent of the universe manifests as dark energy, with the remaining 33.8 percent being a combination of dark matter and matter". (ScitechDaily.com/Supernova Explosions Reveal Precise Details of Dark Energy and Dark Matter)

Artifact or non-calculated behavior uncovers the dark matter and dark energy. Artifact means a non-controlled participant in research. And in the case of supernovas, the artifact is missing part of the system. If model makers don't know all parts of the system, they cannot make a model that corresponds with reality. So, missing parts causes anomaly in calculations. In empiric research, anomaly means the difference between observations and calculations.

By observing the direction of the shockwave and the changes in its energy level and comparing those observations with calculations the dataset shows if the shockwave interacts with something invisible. When a shockwave travels out from the supernova explosion, its energy level should decrease by following a straight line.

If there are anomalies the reason for those anomalies like curves in energy level they are the reason for some unseen energy stress. In the universe, everything happens for some reason. The unknown is the reason that causes the difference between calculations and observations. When researchers make theoretical models.

They must have all information about their object. If some part of the object is missing that thing causes the difference between the theoretical model and measured data.

And if the same difference is repeating simultaneously, that means that the same thing is always missing. But confirming that thing is required information from multiple cases. The problem with Type 1A supernova is that thing happens so suddenly that researchers have no time to point telescopes at that object.

If there is a binary star system where participants are white dwarfs computer can calculate the impact moment. And the researchers can point their telescopes at that system. The Type 1 A supernovas that are forming in white dwarfs impacts are easier to predict than other supernovas.

Even in the best cases a couple of the first seconds of the explosion are missing. And the missing data contains information about where the shockwave is at the most powerful level. Another problem with the supernova is its luminosity is extremely high.

But there is a small possibility that researchers can see the halo of dark matter at the edge of the shockwave just when it leaves the star. The impact of white dwarfs causes darker impact waves. And that means the brightness of the explosion doesn't cover the dark matter shockwave.

https://bigthink.com/starts-with-a-bang/pantheon-supernova/

https://scitechdaily.com/supernova-explosions-reveal-precise-details-of-dark-energy-and-dark-matter/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_Ia_supernova

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