Some planets have a weird ability to make their stars age slower.

In some cases, so-called hot Jupiters are slowing the age of the binary stars. In the same way, the stars in binary star systems might age slower.

And the reason for that is the time dilation. Hot Jupiters are massive planets that are orbiting near red dwarfs. The gravitational effect of those massive planets causes that time slows in their star. The same way the participants of a binary star system are pumping energy to each other. And that slows the aging of the stars. 

Another thing is that those hot Jupiters are turning plasma around them and driving it back to their star. When that plasma impacts the atmosphere of that star it increases its temperature to the point where plasma touches the star's core. 

So a hot exoplanet that is near a red dwarf can cause a hot spot in the star's plasma. In the same way, some of those hot Jupiters are hotter than their stars. And that causes infrared radiation to the star's atmosphere. 

When the effect of time dilation stands billions of years, even a small time dilation means something. The time dilation proved when the clocks of the GPS satellites started to run at different times. And that thing affects the high-accurate measurements where is used the GPS.

Before highly accurate gravitational measurements, researchers thought. That the Earth's gravitational field was fully symmetrical. They thought that the gravitational force on Earth was similar in all places. 

Earth's gravity field. (Image:NASA)

That was the simplified model.  But now we know that things, like mountains and heavy elements in the Earth's core, are causing changes in the gravitational field. 

But in the real world. When some heavy elements are packed in some place on Earth's core. That thing would cause asymmetry in the Earth's gravitational field. And the gravitational measurements are giving possible to navigate by using the gravitational field. 

We could slow time on Earth simply by bringing material from asteroids. That increases the mass of our planet and slows time. Same way if we would put an asteroid hovering in Earth's atmosphere. That slows time. But that time dilation is not very big. 

Time dilation effects on satellites. Because they are forming different quantum systems than Earth. When satellites touch Earth they merge into a larger quantum system. And that makes it impossible to separate the gravitational effect of the satellite from Earth's gravitation.

When satellites made gravitational measurements about the shape of the earth's gravitational fields. They see that the gravitational field is not symmetrical. Maybe that thing is not very dramatic. But it affects the most accurate sensors like atom clocks.    

https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/3666/earths-gravity-field

https://www.sciencealert.com/some-planets-seem-to-have-a-strange-ability-to-make-their-star-age-slower

Images:

https://www.sciencealert.com/some-planets-seem-to-have-a-strange-ability-to-make-their-star-age-slower

https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/3666/earths-gravity-field