Hypothetical Hawking Stars: stars with primordial black holes.
Cold there be black holes in the stars?
"An international research team suggests that “Hawking stars,” stars with central primordial black holes, could mimic normal stars and aid in exploring dark matter and the early universe. Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily.com/Hawking Stars: What Happens if You Put a Black Hole Into the Sun?)
The hottest star in the night sky is Spica. The star is so hot that somebody says. That somebody says that it should not even exist. Spica is a spectral class "B" star. Only 0,13% of stars have spectral class "B". There are many hotter stars in the universe. The spectral class "O" is the hottest stellar type. "O" is a very unusual stellar class. Only about 0,00003% of stars are Spectral class "O" stars whose surface temperature is over 30,000 K. Those stars are short-living. And their power source is interesting. And in some models, radiation pressure should destroy those super-hot stars in pieces.
So in those stars should be an extremely heavy mass center. And some people suggest that there is a small black hole inside them. That black hole explains why those very hot stars can exist. Stars that get their energy from black holes are called Hawking stars. And the major thing is that Hawking's stars are like other stars from outside.
Small black holes in the stars can also explain. Why do some of the stars seem to be older than even the universe? The Methuselah (HD 140283) and similar very old stars seem to be about 0,7-0,8 Sun mass. That means they are orange stars. The problem is that they should lose their fuel a long time ago. One explanation for their long existence is small primordial black holes.
"A simple chart for classifying the main star types using Harvard classification" (Wikipedia/Stellar classification)
The primordial black hole also can explain the fast specific motion of the star Epsilon Indi. That spectral class "K" star is also an X-ray source. That X-ray emission can cause its companions to two brown dwarfs. When particles flow from Epsilon Indi hits those brown dwarfs that causes X-ray emission. But it's possible that the source of that X-ray emission and the material pike of Episilon Indi is a black hole that hovers in Episilon Indi's atmosphere. Or maybe there is a small primordial black hole in that star.
Theoretically, it's possible. That even in our sun could be Mercury-mass black hole in it. This thing could be the powerful power source for the star. If that black hole exists that star is called Hawking's star. The theory of the Hawking star goes like this: just after the Big Bang before the first stars in the universe formed large groups of small primordial black holes. And then those primordial black holes pulled gas over them.
Even a small black hole can exist for a very long time if it's in the space where gas and energy feed it. In Hawking's star, the relativistic jets of the primordial black hole along with its gravity cause a situation. That there happens a nuclear reaction around that black hole. For being stable the black hole should be symmetrically in the middle of the star.
That means that the first stars would be the Hawking stars. That black hole gave mass-center for those hydrogen clouds. And then. Those hydrogen clouds squeezed into massive blue giants. That thing explains how the first stars formed. And that primordial black hole explains, how the first stars get their mass center that is vital for star formation.
https://scitechdaily.com/hawking-stars-what-happens-if-you-put-a-black-hole-into-the-sun/
http://stars.astro.illinois.edu/sow/epsind.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epsilon_Indi
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HD_140283
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_oldest_stars
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spica
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