Writings about astronomy and technology.

"Recent research led by the University of Maryland using the Zwicky Transient Facility telescope has revealed that the Taurid swarm, a stream of space debris from the comet Encke, poses less of a threat than previously believed. Credit: SciTechDaily.com. " (ScitechDaily, How Dangerous Is the “Doomsday” Asteroid Swarm?) Asteroid impacts are always dangerous. If the 10X10 m cosmic rock impacts the ground with the cosmic speed that can cause local damage. The local damage means that the city center can turn into a crater. And if a small asteroid hits the water, it can form a tsunami. The problem is that the small-size asteroids are detected at the last moment. The bigger, mountain-sie asteroids are easier to detect.  But turning those asteroids away from their course is hard because of their large size. When a large-size asteroid hits the ground or water it is dust and vapor to the atmosphere. The asteroid also turns the atmosphere very hot in its trajectory.  And if the angle o

"A simplified synthetic equivalent of a cell would be like a blueprint for life. Credit: EVOLF project" (ScitechDaily, Can Life Be Engineered? Biochemists Take Key Steps Toward Synthetic Lifeforms) Biochemists take their first steps into artificial life forms. The ability to manipulate and connect DNA bites together makes it possible to create artificial species. The nanotechnology plays a key role in that process. Things like genetically engineered bacteria can transport those DNA bites into targeted cells.  The DNA is the genetic code that controls all actions in the cell. The DNA code can order a cell to die. Nanotechnology makes it possible to clean DNA from genetic errors. That gives the possibility to remove hereditary diseases from society and that thing can decrease things like crime ratio. If researchers can remove the genome that causes things like sociopathy it makes society safer.  If researchers want to remove genetic diseases from fetuses. They must only take th

"This artist’s illustration shows a rapidly feeding black hole that is emitting powerful gas outflows. Using data from NASA’s JWST and Chandra X-ray Observatory, a team of U.S. National Science Foundation NOIRLab astronomers have discovered this low-mass black hole at the center of a galaxy just 1.5 billion years after the Big Bang. It is accreting matter at a phenomenal rate — over 40 times the theoretical limit. While short lived, this black hole’s ‘feast’ could help astronomers explain how supermassive black holes grew so quickly in the early Universe. Credit: NOIRLab/NSF/AURA/J. da Silva/M. Zamani" (ScitechDaily, Defying Physics: Supermassive Black Hole Devours 40x Faster Than Expected) "Astronomers using the James Webb Space Telescope discovered LID-568, a supermassive black hole feeding at a rate 40 times its Eddington limit (Eddington luminosity), seen just 1.5 billion years after the Big Bang. This exceptional observation has provided new insights into black hole

"In this animation, the CODEX instrument can be seen mounted on the exterior of the International Space Station. Credit: CODEX Team/NASA" (ScitechDaily, NASA’s CODEX Ready To Unlock Solar Wind Mysteries From the ISS) NASA will send a CODEX instrument to the ISS to observe solar wind.  "NASA’s Coronal Diagnostic Experiment (CODEX) is set to launch to the International Space Station to explore new details about the solar wind, including its origins and evolution."  (ScitechDaily, NASA’s CODEX Ready To Unlock Solar Wind Mysteries From the ISS) The solar wind is well-known as an entirety. The solar wind is the particle flow that the source is in the sun. The mystery thing is how deep the solar wind forms. And the second question is how much the sun's magnetic field will accelerate those particles. And what role things like photons and impacting opposite and same polar particles play in that flow.  So how much photons accelerate those ions and electrons? That informa

"McMaster University researchers found that bacteriophages treated under specific conditions form flower-like structures that are highly efficient in targeting bacteria, opening new possibilities for the treatment and detection of diseases." (ScitechDaily, Nature-Inspired Viruses Form Living “Sunflowers” To Combat Disease) Complicated DNA-controlled structures can revolutionize medicine development. But it can make also many more things.  Bacteriophages can make forms that look like sunflowers. Their ability to combine their bodies makes phages more effective against targeted bacteria. Sunflower-form virus structures can be a tool for researchers to use against infections. However, those virus structures are also interesting tools for people who create nanomachines and nanostructures.  As you see, viruses can make complicated structures. And that makes it possible to use them to create structures for nanomechanics. The DNA-controlled crystal formation is the tool that develop

Above: Image By Gemini.  When we talk about the collapse of language models. We talk about the phenomenon where artificial intelligence starts to recycle data through it. In many models, the AI that uses certain data sources starts to raise their page rank in the web index. That means that it's possible. That data starts to travel in the ring of the most used LLMs This thing causes an effect called data degeneration. The data degeneration means that as DNA will not be completely copied in living organisms in networks data will not stay perfectly in its shape.  There are always some kind of errors. And some turbulence in the networks. The network sometimes lost a byte or two. That thing causes the loss of information that travels in the networks. At the beginning of that process, outsiders do not recognize anything. But when there are enough lost bytes or bits that thing causes the effect, that there are lots of missing parts in data. So that means that data is degenerating in the n

The AI participates in new microchip development. New large language models, LLM, require a new microchip architecture that can drive and handle bigger data masses. When the AI drives a large data mass, the AI compiles the input data with databases. There are descriptions of how the AI should react to some situations. If details or parameters match with some database, that database begins a reaction.  The problem is that things like machine view require that the system analyze lots of data in a short moment. If the system has a neural network in use, it can share data with lots of computers. Image 2 is the neural network model and every single point between lines can be the independently operating microchip. The problem with a 2D neural network is that the data begins to travel from machine view through the system. In this linear model, the system shares data with processors one after one.  That a kind of linear model. Where data travels in a system like a wave. That system is quite sl

"In the new communication system from researchers at Chalmers University of Technology, in Sweden, a weak optical signal (red) from the spacecraft’s transmitter can be amplified noise-free when it encounters two so-called pump waves (blue and green) of different frequencies in a receiver on Earth. Thanks to the researchers’ noise-free amplifiers in the receiver, the signal is kept undisturbed and the reception on Earth becomes record-sensitive, which in turn paves the way for a more error-free and faster data transmission in space in the future. Credit: Chalmers University of Technology | Rasmus Larsson" (ScitechDaily, Silent Signals: The Breakthrough Technology Powering Faster Space Data) Laser rays that can carry information are tools that make computing more secure. Laser rays can travel in computers inside so-called nanotubes. That protects them against outside observers. And non-controlled effects like dust that can disturb information. Laser-based communication between

"The James Webb Space Telescope reveals surprisingly bright early galaxies, indicating they may have formed stars more rapidly than expected. This challenges traditional views on galaxy formation and could lead to revisions in our understanding of the universe’s structure. (Artist’s concept.) Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, Webb Telescope Uncovers Bright Ancient Galaxies That Challenge Cosmic Theories) JWST is the most advanced tool ever sent to observe the universe. The new observations challenge the existing models of the universe and star formation in the early universe. JWST observed galaxies that formed about 300 million years after the Big Bang. Those galaxies have active growing black holes inside them.  That means galaxy formation started earlier than expected. The young universe is one of the greatest mysteries in the world. The main question in the Big Bang model is where the energy that the Big Bang released came from. The energy was first and then came bl

Tachyons can explain many things. But those particles and theories. Those who are connected to them require. That somebody proves their existence. Until that tachyons remain hypothetical particles. How can tachyon violate natural laws? In some versions of tachyon theories tachyons were particles that formed before material.   In some other versions, tachyons can form when particles and moving energy fields impact speed faster than light. Maybe things like black holes can form tachyons. If tachyons are real those particles can form holes that bring energy from the past to the present. But when we look at articles on tachyons there are sequentially articles that support- and articles that deny the tachyon's existence.  Tachyons challenge the existence. The existence of a tachyon doesn't mean that it exists to us. It's possible. That tachyon is so high energy particle that it simply cannot exchange information with 3D material. So that means tachyons exist but they are meaning

"Tachyons are hypothetical particles that move faster than the speed of light and travel backwards through time. (Image credit: Yuichiro Chino via Getty Images)" (Space.com, Tachyons: Facts about these faster-than-light particles) *********************************************** Article from Space.com.  "Traveling faster than light and time-travel could be real for tachyons. If one thing science fiction excels at, it's allowing us to marvel at the breaking of the physical laws of the universe. We watch and read in wonder as the warp engines of the starship Enterprise push it to beyond the speed of light, or as Barry or Wally  —  whoever is carrying the name of the Flash at the time  —  does the same in no more than a pair of yellow boots. " (Space.com, Tachyons: Facts about these faster-than-light particles) "Likewise, we enjoy tales of adventurers like the Doctor, or Doc Brown, using weird seemingly antiquated machinery to violate the laws of causality. Wha

"The Chandra X-ray Observatory reveals the jet of Centaurus A, extending into the upper left corner of the image. Researchers have found new insights in the jet by focusing on the motion of the bright spots, or knots, within the jet. Credit: Used under a CC-BY 4.0 license from D. Bogensberger et al. Astrophys. J. (2024) DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ad73a1" (ScitechDaily, Faster Than Light? How X-Rays Unravel Mysteries of Black Hole Jets) Black hole jets are connected with the laws of physics. Normally, anything can travel faster than the speed of light. But there are two paradoxes. That can affect all particles and wave movement.  The impact speed between particles and wave movement or impact speed with two particles can rise higher than the speed of light. That means the impact speed of two particles is the total speed of those impacting particles. The impact speed is simple to calculate. (The speed of particle 1+ the speed of particle 2).   So, if the speed of particle 1 is 70% o

"Recent research using DESI’s advanced observations proposes a novel link between black holes and the dark energy driving the universe’s expansion. This hypothesis aligns with data showing that as black holes form and grow, dark energy density increases, supporting the idea of black holes as a source of this mysterious cosmic force. Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, Dark Energy Mystery: Mounting Evidence Points to Black Holes As Hidden Source) Dark energy is wave movement. That source is unknown. The dark energy rips the universe into pieces. And that makes it interesting. In some suggestions. Dark energy is antigravity. Maybe that thing seems a very fundamental and unbelievable thing.  But when we think of gravity as the thing. That pulls the quantum field into the gravity center. And that thing forms an electromagnetic shadow at the front of the particle. The interaction between those quantum fields forms gravity waves that travel away from the gravity center. In som