Thursday, March 27, 2025

Mpempa-effect: why are hot systems cooler faster than cold systems?



"Researchers used thermomajorization theory to create a universal method for detecting the Mpemba effect, revealing it can occur across wide temperature ranges and may have broad scientific and technological applications. Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily,  Scientists Unravel the Bizarre Physics of the Mpemba Effect)

"Scientists are uncovering the mysteries of the Mpemba effect."

The Mpemba effect, whereby hotter systems can cool faster than cooler ones under identical conditions, was first noted by Aristotle over 2,000 years ago. It was rediscovered in 1963 by Tanzanian student Erasto Mpemba, who observed the phenomenon while making ice cream during a school cooking class. Mpemba later co-authored a scientific paper with British physicist Denis Osborne, documenting the effect of water." ScitechDaily, Scientists Unravel the Bizarre Physics of the Mpemba Effect)

When hot water releases its energy. It pushes air molecules stronger than cold water. Hot water affects more air molecules than hot water. That means more air molecules take the hot energy into them. That means those air molecules release more energy and energy travels in the air like a fractal. There is a situation in which when air molecules send that extra energy some of them will turn into lower energy levels than in the original situation. 

The simpler explanation is that air molecules start to travel faster if there is a hot object in the room. The hot or warm air statue that travels to the roof. Or out from the window on the roof leaving space to outcoming air molecules. When those air molecules travel through the mosquito nets they release their energy. That means the air molecules have a lower energy level and they pull energy out from the hot water faster than from cold water. So the cold water cannot form the thermal pump effect that cools the room. 


"Developing a universal criterion for measuring the Mpemba effect. Credit: Vu/KyotoU" (ScitechDaily, Scientists Unravel the Bizarre Physics of the Mpemba Effect)

Hot water releases its energy faster than cold water. So that means fast traveling energy along with those air molecules can drop temperature faster than in cold water because energy travels slower out from that cold object. That doesn't form an energy pothole. 

Even Aristotle noticed that hot systems turn cold faster than cold systems. But what does that mean? When a system freezes. It releases its energy. Or the system transmits energy to another system. That other system must have a lower energy level than the transmitting side. Energy travels always from a higher to a lower energy level. So the hotter system is the energy hill. The lower system is like a valley, and energy travels there. But is the system hot or cold? 

Those things are relative. If the other system's temperature is near to another. That means the difference between energy levels is the thing that determines is another system cold or not. So when energy levels between systems are high that means the higher energy system forms higher energy hills. 

We can say that if the energy hill is very high. It releases energy faster than the low-energy hill. That means the differences between energy or temperature levels determine how fast energy travels to a lower energy level system. If the energy hill is high compared to a lower energy level system. 

That means. The energy hill slope is steeper than in low energy hill. And if we think. That energy is like water that flows out of the system at a higher speed than if the energy hill is low. The low-energy hill has a gentle slope and energy travels out from the hill slower. 


https://scitechdaily.com/scientists-unravel-the-bizarre-physics-of-the-mpemba-effect/

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