Can we reach absolute zero?

The zero kelvin is the case where helium turns solid. That means we cannot measure temperatures below that. There is a possibility that there are movements like oscillation in helium ice below that temperature of -273,15 degrees Celsius. But that is the energy minimum in the universe. The temperature of the universe is 3 degrees higher than the absolute zero. So the temperature of the objects in the universe is a minimum of 3 degrees over absolute zero.

In the universe, is no temperature in the same way as we know it on Earth. The plasma and other particles have more space to move. So the particles have a bigger impact on energy in a vacuum. Things like energy bursts cause the particles are sending energy impulses that are causing disorders in the giant molecular clouds.

In those extremely low temperatures, even the smallest energy sources have meanings. The term absolute zero means that all movements in particles stopped, so the system must stop the spin of electrons and other elementary particles. Also, electrons must freeze in their orbitals so that the oscillation ends.

The fact is that no particle can ever reach that temperature, because when a measurement instrument is taken to the same space, that thing causes the rise of energy level in the object. Another thing that makes it impossible to reach the absolute zero is the movement of electrons. Electrons have kinetic energy, and that thing causes little oscillation in the system.

"When many quantum particles interact, complex systems can be formed. And this complexity allows reaching a temperature of absolute zero – at least in principle. Credit: IQOQI/ÖAW" (ScitechDaily.com/Absolute Zero Is Attainable? Scientists Have Found a Quantum Formulation for the Third Law of Thermodynamics)

And that thing causes a situation where the helium ice starts to oscillate. So absolute zero point is the situation where the material will not send any kind of radiation. One of the reasons why we cannot reach a temperature that is below absolute zero is the expansion of the universe.

When the size of the universe expands the quantum field that presses particles turns weak. And that causes a situation where the distance of particles increases. In that case, particles send the photons or wave movement to the system. And their size along with the power of their quantum field decreases.

This causes the free space in the system. When there is free space in the system energy or wave movement travels between those particles. And that thing causes oscillation. The oscillation means that the temperature is above the absolute zero. For stopping oscillation the system must turn extremely thick. And all movement in it must stop. And stopping the spin of elementary particles and electrons movement is not an easy thing.

What happens to the temperature outside the universe?

Outside the universe, atoms and ions have more space to move but radiation that comes out from the universe pushes them in one direction. And sooner or later they turn to the wave movement. Because all objects travel at the same speed there is no energy exchange between them.

Or photons can travel faster than other particles, but there are no quantum fields that slow other particles either. The energy level outside the universe is also very low, and there is no reflection. So there is no speed either. There is possible that some kind of quantum field continues outside the universe but that thing is a hypothesis.

When we are thinking about the area outside the universe, we face a very interesting question: could there be a lower temperature than in the universe? The material is thinner, and the energy level is far lower than in the universe. There is a possibility that a particle that travels outside the universe just pushes its electrons away.

Or the radiation that comes out from the universe could freeze electrons to the same side of the atom. But the fact is that the atom itself moves. If it will not turn to wave movement. So could the temperature there be lower than absolute zero? The answer is that: there is no temperature in the form as we know it.

https://scitechdaily.com/absolute-zero-is-attainable-scientists-have-found-a-quantum-formulation-for-the-third-law-of-thermodynamics/

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