All quantum systems, including black holes, can link each other into complex entirety.

 

"Oxford researchers created the first distributed quantum computer, solving scalability challenges by linking small quantum devices via photonic connections. Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, Scientists Just Linked Quantum Processors in a Historic Step Toward Scalable Supercomputers)

Researchers linked quantum processors together. And that is one step forward to scalable quantum computers. The problem with scalable quantum computers is that the quantum entanglements in those systems should be identical. And multiplying the quantum entanglements is quite a difficult but not impossible thing. Theoretically, we can say that things like oscillating hydrogen atoms can make it possible to create a quantum neural network.

Maybe quite soon, researchers can create a molecule where the hydrogen atoms transport information in the structure. The quantum system can transport oscillation in the quantum processors. And that is one way to make a networked and scalable quantum computer. Maybe those frozen molecules can someday create the quantum neural network. That kind of molecule can be a new tool in quantum technology.

The hydrogen atoms are the tools in the new quantum networks. The information travels between those atom's quantum fields. Or actually, information travels through this quantum structure as it travels through the winch wheel series.

That thing causes an idea that maybe black holes can form similar structures in the universe. The black hole is the most powerful quantum phenomenon in the universe. Information can travel also in the black hole's quantum fields similar way as it travels in other quantum networks. And one interesting thing is that also things like gravity fields are quantum fields. 

Above hydrogen ions can create networks. And also is possible that black holes can make similar chains. The hydrogen ion acts as quantum dot that connects other quantum dots into the quantum networks. "Rendering of the tilting of relativistic Dirac cones in the bulk electronic bands of a quasi-two-dimensional (2D) magnetic topological semimetal achieved with insertion of hydrogen that generates tunable low-dissipation chiral charge currents. Credit: Krusin Lab" (ScitechDaily, Hydrogen Ions Are Revolutionizing Quantum Tech – Here’s How)

"Illustration of a quantum simulator with atoms trapped into a square lattice with lasers. The small spheres at the corners are atoms in their lowest energy state. The ones inside a blue sphere are exited (higher in energy) by the first laser, the ones inside yellow spheres are excited by the second laser (even more higher in energy). Credit: TU Delft"(Phys.org, A new design for quantum computers)

The black holes can make the quantum networks as well as all other quantum particles. In that thing, the quantum network's quantum dots are black holes. 

 

 

Above: The quantum network can look like this. The outside forces. Like still hypothetical fifth force destroy those networks.

The black holes will get their "lunch" when they transport energy from the gases around them. Some parts of energy and the particles, including photons, are trapped in the point. Called event horizon. There also photons travel around the black hole. The event horizon is the place where escaping velocity reaches the speed of light. And if the phenomenon where the photon is half outside and half inside the event horizon is possible that thing gives new ideas for the gravitational radiation models.

It is possible. That the superstring can start to travel through the photon. And that makes the structure able to create the system, that forms gravitational radiation or gravitational waves. Gravitational waves are like cyclotron radiation. There the top of the wave is quite low. But behind it comes the energy ditch that is far deeper than the energy wave before it.

In that model, the particles that close black holes at a certain angle start to rotate in the event horizon. If energy and particles come to the black hole at a straight angle. They go straight through the event horizon. If they impact particles that are at the border to fall behind the event horizon. Those particles take energy in their quantum fields. And then send it backward. So that means the gravitational wave source may be in the particles that travel almost with the speed of light around the black holes. So, maybe black holes form similar networks. As other quantum systems can form.  

https://phys.org/news/2024-02-quantum.html

https://scitechdaily.com/black-holes-cook-their-own-fuel-in-a-cosmic-feast/

https://scitechdaily.com/scientists-just-linked-quantum-processors-in-a-historic-step-toward-scalable-supercomputers/

https://scitechdaily.com/hydrogen-ions-are-revolutionizing-quantum-tech-heres-how/

The mystery of Titan's dense atmosphere.

"SwRI is studying how Saturn’s largest moon maintains its thick atmosphere. Scientists think Titan’s core is covered by several layers of ice and a subsurface liquid ocean. New experiments indicate that nitrogen and methane gases produced by the organic materials at its core could seep up to the surface, continuously replenishing Titan’s atmosphere. Credit: Southwest Research Institute" (ScitechDaily, Scientists Unlock the Secrets of Titan’s Dense Atmosphere)

Titan is quite a small object in our solar system.  It's the largest moon of Saturn. That is the second-largest moon, and only Jupiter's Ganymede is bigger. The dense atmosphere of that moon is one of the biggest mysteries in our solar system. The main gas is nitrogen in its atmosphere is nitrogen, but there is also a small dose of methane. The atmosphere pressure on Titan's surface is 146.7 kPa (1.45 atm). And that makes this thing interesting. The mass of Titan is only  0.0225 Earth, and its escaping velocity is only 2.641 km/s. Escaping velocity from Earth is 11.186 km/s. 

Can Titan be like a magnetic monopole? If the other pole of that moon's magnetic field is weak its magnetic field can unite over the weaker pole. And that forms a magnetic monopolar field around it. 

Can this effect form because Titan's magnetic field is so special? Can the other pole of Titan's moon's magnetic field be very weak? That can make Titan act like a magnetic monopole.  If that is true the Titan moon can pull ions against its surface. In that model, Titan can have a normal nucleus like all other planets. But if there is a large subsurface ocean.

"Artistic rendering of hydrothermal vents on the seafloor of the Saturnian moon Enceladus. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech, edited" (ScitechDaily, Could Saturn’s Moon Enceladus Be Hiding Clues to Alien Life?)

It's possible that some magnetic minerals or compounds that can look like a stick can turn their standing position against Titan's nucleus. And if as an example N pole in those sticks is outside that turns Titan into the monopolar structure. 

There can be some kind of tunneling force or electromagnetic phenomenon that pulls those gases against the Titan surface. The dust storms can form static electricity that can pull ionized gas to the surface. The idea is if there is some kind of EM field and some molecules and atoms are ionized that pulls them to the surface. In the widest theories, Titan is a magnetic monopole that can pull ions and anions over it. Or its nucleus can behave like a magnetic monopole if another pole on that strange moon is very weak. 

And the question is how the Titan can maintain its dense atmosphere. Another mystery is the methane gas that the Titan atmosphere involves 1,4%. The question is the source of that gas. The Titan structure might involve a subsurface ocean. And even if Titan's surface is totally without water. It's possible. The subsurface ocean can involve water. That can make Titan one of the promising harbors of life. 

An interesting detail is the thing that makes Titan more interesting is that there is suspicion that also another Saturn moon Enceladus can harbor some primitive lifeforms. Similar suspicions are introduced for other large moons, where there are subsurface oceans. Water is a good protector against the cosmic rays and that's why those icy moons are interesting. 

https://scitechdaily.com/could-saturns-moon-enceladus-be-hiding-clues-to-alien-life/

https://scitechdaily.com/scientists-unlock-the-secrets-of-titans-dense-atmosphere/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enceladus

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_atmosphere_(unit)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titan_(moon)

The acoustic surface waves can open new paths to technology.

"New diffraction phenomenon of acoustic waves. A novel asymmetric diffraction has been achieved using a nano-patterned array of ferromagnets. This demonstration arises from a unique interaction between ferromagnets and acoustic waves. Credit: ©Nii et al." (SctechDaily, Magnetic Fields Reshape the Movement of Sound Waves in a Stunning Discovery)

Surface acoustic waves, or SAW, are tools, that can create new acoustic levitation technology. The interaction with SAW waves and the electromagnetic fields makes those waves interesting for stealth technology. The SAW waves can also used to push gas away from the aircraft body and that decreases friction. The SAW waves are also suitable tools for the next-generation acoustic systems that can push materials on the layers. 

The surface acoustic waves are things. That can create so-called acoustic lasers that can cut nanomaterials. The SAW system can create surface acoustic waves in the tube-shaped structure. They can form acoustic tweezers that can move single molecules with ultimate accuracy. 

Things like phonons and SAW waves can create those soundwaves. In special chemical environments where chambers are filled with pure single gas that system can make the new wave of nanotechnology. 

The SAW waves can also make it possible to create new types of stealth and levitation systems. Quantum and nanomaterials are tools. That can be used to create strong SAW waves. 

But if the SAW waves can create pressure pulses that are powerful enough those systems can push objects above the ground. In real-world technology, levitation means silent hovering. That hovering can happen by using magnetic systems, or acoustic systems which means the system creates pressure waves that make it hover. 

The SAW waves in the material can also create sound waves, which can make things hover above the ground. Acoustic levitation is a tool that can be better and more multipurpose than magnetic levitation, called maglev. Maglev requires magnetic systems that press the thing upwards. And that is the problem with the maglev systems. The maglev systems can be put on things like airfields there they can push aircraft upward. 

However, if researchers want to make a levitation system that keeps the thing hovering without special platforms. The acoustic or pressure.-wave-based systems are effective. Those systems can also operate with non-magnetic materials like wood and carbon. And they can be the new tools for technology. 

The acoustic waves can put any material hover. And the acoustic wave-based systems are less vulnerable than propeller-using systems. The surface of the system must not always use things like metal. Some long-chain materials like box-shaped graphene structures can be used to create those loudspeakers that can be used to make the SAW waves. 

https://scitechdaily.com/magnetic-fields-reshape-the-movement-of-sound-waves-in-a-stunning-discovery/

3D-printed glass can make concrete suitable for space stations.

3D-printed concrete is one of the most futuristic materials. Space concrete made using extraterrestrial dust is twice as hard as concrete made using Earth dust, making it useful for space stations. However, there is no atmosphere in space, making space concrete problematic to create. The thing is that the space concrete might be far different than we expected. One of the things that makes concrete useful tools for space stations is the regular space station. There astronauts can make concrete bricks. Then they must just connect those bricks into the larger scale structures. That kind of thing can make better armor against micrometeorites. 

Another thing that can make the 3D printable concrete in space is the large lens. That lens can turn the space dust into a glass structure. And there those builders can put sand and dust. The solar lens will melt the stone, and theoretically, that glass or melted stone can be used for making glass for 3D printers. Solar power systems can also make it possible to decrease the emissions that concrete-making causes. The 3D printable concrete will be the new thing in the building technology. If researchers can replace stone powder and water using melted stone, that thing can be the next generation of building material. 

Large lenses (or parabolic mirrors) can also warm water or some other liquids in the tubes. And that makes them suitable for solar generator power sources. Those large lenses heat water that rotates generators. The solar panels are withdrawn solar generators. But the lenses that heat water can be used in regular power plants. That makes it possible to combine those systems with existing technology. 

Some research tells us that concrete will be a suitable material for space structures. That thing means it's suitable for moonbases, and other stations in a gravitational environment. Engineers can use it also in space stations that hover the zero gravity environment. The 3D-printed concrete structures can be easier to replace than some traditional space station materials. The system must just inject glass or melted stone into the damaged point. Space dust is a good material for that concrete because it's easy to find. That is one of the most important things if we want to move to an asteroid belt and build structures there. 

https://scitechdaily.com/cosmic-concrete-made-from-extra-terrestrial-dust-is-twice-as-strong-as-regular-concrete/

Search for life might be more complicated than we think.

" When an exoplanet passes in front of its parent star, a portion of that starlight will filter through the exoplanet's atmosphere, allowing us to break up that light into its constituent wavelengths and to characterize the atomic and molecular composition of the atmosphere. " (BigThink,  Our first “Earth-like” exoplanets probably won’t have atmospheres)

"If the planet is inhabited, we may reveal unique biosignatures, but if the planet has either a thick, gas-rich envelope of volatile material around it, or alternatively no atmosphere at all, the prospects for habitability will be very low. Nearly all so-called "super-Earth" worlds that have had their transit spectrum measured have revealed these characteristic volatile envelopes, suggesting that they're mini-Neptunes instead of super-Earths. " (BigThink,  Our first “Earth-like” exoplanets probably won’t have atmospheres)

Search for life might be more complicated than we think. But the paradox is that life can be more common in the universe than we thought. And for finding that we must put our sensors to the right planets. The right planet might not look like Earth at all. The dry areas can be deserts but in its oceans can be life. But even if that life forms of cells and DNA it can look far different than life on Earth. An example is coral and humans. Both include cells. But we are far away from corals. If we think that we are space aliens that come to Earth and we see coral and humans, we might not believe that those species are from the same planet.

"This mosaic image of asteroid Bennu is composed of 12 PolyCam images collected on December 2 by the OSIRIS-REx spacecraft from a range of 15 miles (24 km). Credit: NASA/Goddard/University of Arizona" (ScitechDaily, NASA’s OSIRIS-REx Spacecraft Discovers Water on Asteroid Bennu)

The first "Earth twin" can be a planet without an atmosphere. The "Earth with no atmosphere" is the thing. That makes the search for life, and especially intelligent, life forms more complicated than we expected. Another thing is that samples from the asteroid Bennu involved life-building blocks, and another remarkable thing is that the Astroid Bennu seems to involve water. That means that the building blocks are not making lifeforms. But they can open new ways to think about life.

The Earth without an atmosphere is another thing. That shows us how difficult lifeforms are to survive on other planets. Things like gamma- or radio bursts, (GRB and FRB)are dangerous. If the FRB hits a metal-rich planet that can cause the melt of the entire planet. The FRB can inject a massive energy load into the planet's metal spheres. And that can have devastating effects. GRB from the nearby nova or supernova can also sterilize the entire planet in seconds.

When we think about Earth-size planets and their ability to maintain life we find another interesting thing. The lifeforms that live in the water on those planets can survive in the flare explosions of the red dwarfs. The FRB that hits red dwarf can also cause flare eruptions that destroy the planets from around those stars. Or those extremely rough flare eruptions can blow those planet's atmospheres out.

The thing is that intelligent lifeforms can create shields for themselves. That means the intelligent species are less vulnerable to flare eruptions than non-intelligent species. But the paradox is that the intelligent species must have time to advance. If an intelligent lifeform travels to the habitable planet that orbits another star in the binary star system, there is another star that is yellow, and another is a red dwarf. In this system, a species can create its base in the oceans of the planet that orbits the red dwarf. Maybe that kind of case is possible somewhere in the universe.

Sometimes I wonder what our space technology would look like if we had a red dwarf with a habitable planet orbiting in the place of Kuiper Belt. That habitable means that we could work there using light protective suits heat protecting overalls and gas masks. The base can hover in the oceans where water protects the crew. But our fate is be live on the lonely star's planet. Before aliens answer or we travel to a habitable planet, we cannot say a thing about the lifeforms. All introduced extraterrestrial lifeforms are theoretical until we see them.

https://bigthink.com/starts-with-a-bang/earth-like-exoplanets-atmospheres/


https://scitechdaily.com/nasas-osiris-rex-spacecraft-discovers-water-on-asteroid-bennu/

https://scitechdaily.com/nasa-uncovers-lifes-building-blocks-in-asteroid-bennus-pristine-sample/

https://scitechdaily.com/surprising-findings-in-nasas-osiris-rex-asteroid-sample-could-they-unlock-the-origins-of-life/

The new acoustic interactions are tools. That can make new paths to R&D processes.

""Principle of BioSonic spectroscopy. Credit: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (2025). DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2420428122" (Phys.org/BioSonics spectroscopy can 'listen' to the sounds made by individual viruses)

The viruses are the new tools for acoustic devices. Every virus sends acoustic waves with its unique wavelength. That means if the system causes the virus to oscillate that thing can be used in acoustic sonar microscopes. In the same way, the proteins oscillate with their unique wavelength. That technology can also be used to destroy the wanted cells and proteins. In photoacoustic systems, the system sends a laser beam to the crystal that can be the virus whose genomes are destroyed. 

That acoustic beam can cause the virus to oscillate and if there are similar viruses around it, it can make the AIDS viruses shake off protective proteins that protect them against the antigens. Another thing that the oscillating viruses can make are the bubbles around them. If we put the virus that has the protein papillae on its surface to spin those things can make the microbubbles to fluids. The oscillation in the viruses can also make bubbles around them. The acoustic waves can be used to push particles in the nanotechnology. 

And that can benefit to separate them from the liquids. The acoustic viruses can make the new types of acoustic observation tools possible. Those tools can make the system see through individual cells or scan the surfaces with acoustic waves.  

Researchers reshaped magnetic fields with acoustic waves. 

Researchers reshaped magnetic fields with acoustic waves by using a phenomenon called surface acoustic waves, SAW. That phenomenon makes it possible to create new ways to interact with acoustic- and EM fields. The SAW waves can be used to create new types of sonar systems that send very weak but the same time very sharp acoustic waves. If the acoustic wave's wavelength is unique the system can send long-distance acoustic waves that other waves will not disturb. The SAW waves are also tools for very high-accurate acoustic devices that send coherent acoustic waves to the target. The SAW waves can also make it possible to use proteins as the tool that makes those acoustic waves. That gives new abilities to nanotechnology and other things. 

"Researchers have discovered a novel way that surface acoustic waves interact with magnetic materials, leading to a surprising asymmetric diffraction effect. This could revolutionize acoustic-based communication technologies. Credit: SciTechDaily.com."(ScitechDaily, Magnetic Fields Reshape the Movement of Sound Waves in a Stunning Discovery)

"Scientists have unlocked a previously unseen behavior of acoustic waves, opening up new possibilities for cutting-edge communication technologies". (ScitechDaily, Magnetic Fields Reshape the Movement of Sound Waves in a Stunning Discovery)

"Surface acoustic waves (SAWs) — vibrations that travel along the surface of materials like ripples on water — are essential in modern communication devices. They play a key role in frequency filters used in mobile phones, converting electrical signals into vibrations through the piezoelectric effect. This conversion enables efficient signal processing, making a deeper understanding of SAWs crucial for future technological advancements."(ScitechDaily, Magnetic Fields Reshape the Movement of Sound Waves in a Stunning Discovery)

"New diffraction phenomenon of acoustic waves. A novel asymmetric diffraction has been achieved using a nano-patterned array of ferromagnets. This demonstration arises from a unique interaction between ferromagnets and acoustic waves. Credit: ©Nii et al." (ScitechDaily, Magnetic Fields Reshape the Movement of Sound Waves in a Stunning Discovery)

The ability to see acoustic waves by using radars is not a new thing. For quite a long time radars have seen the plasma waves that come from planets and the sun. The radio waves reflect from plasma and the radar can detect them. Another way is to use the plasma tube that detects plasma that travels through them. Then the computer changes those plasma impulses into sound. However, the ability to reshape magnetic waves using acoustic waves is a new thing. 

The difference between acoustic waves. Electromagnetic waves are the size of the things that move. In acoustic waves atoms, ions, anions, and molecules are moving. In electromagnetic waves, the electromagnetic fields are moving. The interaction between particles and fields makes it possible to manipulate acoustic waves using electromagnetic fields or backward. The ion clouds are things that can manipulate and turn the shape of magnetic fields. Also when high-energy plasma impacts Earth's atmosphere those particles send their extra energy to the electron shells of atoms. 

And that makes the Earth's atmosphere atoms oscillate and send acoustic waves. When electromagnetic waves impact the electron shells of the other atoms they push the electron shell into the new form. The electromagnetic impulse pushes an electron cloud and then the atom's nucleus will also move. And in that process, the atoms start to move. That thing turns electromagnetic impulses into acoustic waves. 

Ferromagnetic nanoparticles are used to reshape magnetic fields using acoustic waves. This test in the RIKEN makes new types of communication technology possible. The ability to use acoustic waves to reshape magnetic fields is a new tool for many new technologies. Another way to reshape magnetic fields using acoustic waves is to use plasma. Plasma can interact with electric fields, but ferromagnetic nanoparticles are the better way to manipulate magnetic fields. 

The ability to manipulate magnetic fields. Using acoustic waves. That thing is possible to make backward. So the magnetic fields can manipulate the acoustic waves. That thing makes it possible to create new types of loudspeakers. And other types of things. 

https://phys.org/news/2025-01-biosonics-spectroscopy-individual-viruses.html

https://scitechdaily.com/magnetic-fields-reshape-the-movement-of-sound-waves-in-a-stunning-discovery/

Microquasars and dark excitons can give punch to material and energy.

 "A star and a black hole orbit each other closely: mass from the star is captured by the black hole. As a consequence of this, a pair of jets launch away from the black hole. Credit: Science Communication Lab for MPIK/H.E.S.S." (ScitechDaily, Tiny Black Holes Pack a Cosmic Punch)

The problem with dark energy: the wave movement with unknown origin is simple. What puts energy move?

Microquasaks can accelerate particles. That is a new observation that confirmed the models. That researchers predicted years ago. The low-mass black holes. That forms microquasars in binary star systems. Can open the route to new visions of dark energy and dark matter. The question in energy and its interactions, including dark energy, is simple, what puts wave movement that forms dark energy that rips the universe in pieces? Standing energy doesn't have any effect. But when energy starts to move. It turns effective. 

The miniature, quantum-sized black holes can also accelerate things like very thin electromagnetic fields called superstrings. That means there can be many black holes in the universe that we cannot see. They are invisible because they are so small. If the quantum-size black holes exist. They can behave like excitons. They can highjack other particles to orbit them. The idea is that there can be quantum-size black holes that accelerate electrons. The tiny black hole can give a very strong punch to particles. 

And that means they can involve dark energy formation. Maybe dark energy forms in photons that orbit very small black holes. That means dark energy can be the cyclotron radiation that can form when a photon orbits a very small black hole. So all black holes accelerate particles the same way. The large black holes have similar event horizon as small black holes. The escaping velocity at low mass black hole's event horizon is always the same. And that means all black holes behave similar way. 

ScitechDaily tells about microquasars like this: 

"The origin and acceleration of the most energetic cosmic rays remain one of the biggest mysteries in astroparticle physics." (ScitechDaily, Tiny Black Holes Pack a Cosmic Punch)

"Microquasar jets are highly efficient at accelerating cosmic particles, but until now, this has only been observed in rare high-mass microquasars." (ScitechDaily, Tiny Black Holes Pack a Cosmic Punch)

"Researchers have now detected particle acceleration in the far more common low-mass microquasars, suggesting they contribute much more to the overall cosmic ray content of our galaxy than previously thought." (ScitechDaily, Tiny Black Holes Pack a Cosmic Punch)

"Artistic representation showing how the newly developed technique – Ultrafast Dark-field Momentum Microscopy – allows both bright excitons (shown in red) and dark excitons (shown in blue) to be analyzed. Credit: Lukas Kroll" (ScitechDaily, Unlocking the Secret World of Dark Excitons for Next-Gen Energy)

The dark excitons can also act like small black holes. Exciton is a quasiparticle there an electron starts to orbit its own hole. 

They cannot pull photons inside them. But there is the possibility that electrons can start to orbit the exciton. Exciton is the electron-hole. Or it's the pothole in the electromagnetic field. In some models is a theoretical possibility that the exciton can form under an electron. The other theoretical thing is that some other subatomic particles like gluon or quark can form similar potholes as electrons form when they jump away from their orbiter. 

If a small exciton forms in the right point which is the electron's spin axle it can make a tunnel through the electron. Or the deep exciton can pull the electron's pole through it. Those models are theories. But maybe someday they can be true. There is a possibility that the exciton can also connect two electrons together. 

"Artistic representation showing how the newly developed technique – Ultrafast Dark-field Momentum Microscopy – allows both bright excitons (shown in red) and dark excitons (shown in blue) to be analyzed. Credit: Lukas Kroll"(ScitechDaily, Unlocking the Secret World of Dark Excitons for Next-Gen Energy)

The normal exciton can form the pair with dark exciton. 

"Dark excitons are formed when an electron is excited and leaves behind a “hole,” creating a bound pair that carries energy but does not emit light — hence the term “dark.” A useful way to visualize this is to imagine a balloon (the electron) drifting away, leaving an empty space (the hole) to which it remains tethered by an invisible force called Coulomb interaction." (ScitechDaily, Unlocking the Secret World of Dark Excitons for Next-Gen Energy)

"While these particle states are difficult to detect, they are particularly significant in ultra-thin, two-dimensional semiconductor materials. Understanding their behavior could pave the way for major advancements in energy-efficient technology." (ScitechDaily, Unlocking the Secret World of Dark Excitons for Next-Gen Energy)

The dark exciton is the thing that makes the new energy technology possible. The dark exciton can make electrons move faster. That is one thing that can make the excitons another volunteer for the source of dark energy and maybe they can explain many other things. But are dark excitons dark matter? 

"A new technique known as “Ultrafast Dark-field Momentum Microscopy,” and used it for the first time. This enabled them to show how dark excitons are formed in a special material made of tungsten diselenide (WSe₂) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) – and in an astonishing time, lasting just 55 femtoseconds (0.000000000000055 seconds) measured with a precise resolution of 480 nanometres (0.00000048 meters)". (ScitechDaily, Unlocking the Secret World of Dark Excitons for Next-Gen Energy)

The thing is that can explain a little part of the dark energy and dark matter. The exciton can form an effect that looks like gravity. And when exciton is filled that thing acts like the small vacuum bomb. The exciton collects and accelerates the power field that falls in it. So it's possible that dark energy firming in some kind of excitons. The source of dark energy is unknown. And it's possible. That there is more than one source behind that mysterious wave movement. 

https://scitechdaily.com/tiny-black-holes-pack-a-cosmic-punch/

https://scitechdaily.com/unlocking-the-secret-world-of-dark-excitons-for-next-gen-energy/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exciton

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_Model

Finally, entropy wins.

"Can quantum systems become more disordered, as thermodynamics would predict? Yes, they can – if a proper definition of “entropy” is used. Credit: TU Wien" (ScitechDaily, Shattering the Quantum Entropy Myth – Why Disorder Always Wins)

The entropy wins. And all systems, including quantum systems are gone. That is the law in the quantum systems. As well as. The law of the universe. That law is called the second law of thermodynamics. That means the second law of thermodynamics effects also quantum systems. And that is valuable also in closed and isolated quantum systems. That thing is quip. 

There are no isolated quantum systems in the universe. The quantum systems are in touch with their environment. And the cosmic voids are also systems or environments. All quantum systems interact with their environment. And because energy always travels to the lower energy system that means the quantum system will be destroyed even if it's outside our universe. The thing that destroys all quantum systems is free energy. 

When the universe expands. Distances between quantum particles grow and that lets free energy travel in the system between those particles. The effect is similar to the case where water makes a hole in the dam. The dam seems stable until the water goes into a small hole. And then it sends energy to the concrete. The energy that comes from the water and water flow through the dam causes the effect that the dam will fall because of the small hole. 

The entropy is the thing that causes the broken dish will not go back into one piece. The fact is that when the dish is broken the system breaks into multiple separate systems. So those fragments are forming their independent systems. When we think about the time in the system energy that travels back to particles means that time goes backward. And when energy travels out from particles that means time travels forward. So when we travel back in time the energy level in systems rises. And that causes two interesting questions. 

1) How far in the past did the hypothetical time traveler have to go that the broken dish will return to its original form? When the dish breaks it forms independent systems. So must that hypothetical time traveler go to the very beginning the point where that dish is formed? The model is that those fragments will not take the original form as a dish because they form separated systems. 

2) If we try to freeze the system and deny the entropy growth we must load energy into it. The idea is that the energy that surrounds the system eliminates the energy level decrease. The problem is that this energy must not go into the system. It's possible to stop time but that requires a bubble that size is stable and that sphere should isolate the quantum system from the outside universe. 

If that thing is possible it makes a static environment that involves two internal spheres and the inside environment's size doesn't grow with the universe. That makes it possible to deny the entropy growth. But if that happens too long and we try to remove the sphere energy travels faster out from the system. And that causes destruction. In real life, we must know things like all energy effects including dark energy. And speed and outside energy that affect the system. 

"The mathematician and physicist John von Neumann showed that according to the laws of quantum physics, the entropy in a quantum system cannot change at all. If you have the full information about a quantum system, the so-called ‘von Neumann entropy’ always stays the same; it is impossible to say whether time is running forward or backward, each point in time is physically as good as any other." (ScitechDaily, Shattering the Quantum Entropy Myth – Why Disorder Always Wins)

"This type of entropy is called ‘Shannon entropy’. It depends on the probabilities with which different possible values are measured. ‘You could say that Shannon entropy is a measure of how much information you gain from the measurement,’ says Florian Meier (TU Wien). “If there is only one possible measurement result that occurs with 100% certainty, then the Shannon entropy is zero. You won’t be surprised by the result, you won’t learn anything from it. If there are many possible values with similarly large probabilities, then the Shannon entropy is large.” (ScitechDaily, Shattering the Quantum Entropy Myth – Why Disorder Always Wins)

The entropy is the thing that dominates all systems. The entropy cannot grow forever in the system. Finally, all systems break into new smaller systems. We cannot know all the things that affect systems. We don't know the dark energy role in the small systems. Heisenberg uncertainty principle means that we cannot measure the procise place and speed of particles in quantum systems. 

https://scitechdaily.com/shattering-the-quantum-entropy-myth-why-disorder-always-wins/

AI and democracy.

"AI bias is real. ChatGPT favors left-leaning views, raising concerns about fairness, democracy, and free speech. Researchers urge transparency and safeguards before it’s too late. Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, Behind the Code: Unmasking AI’s Hidden Political Bias)

Chinese philosopher Mencius said that people should use criticism when they read texts that Confucius made. The reason for that was that. Confucious was the society class that was just below the leader. His position in society affected Confucius and his texts. So, that's why. Confucius was somehow authoritarian and also conservative. There are many ways to write those names and the source determines how those old Chinese names should be written. 

AI is not as neutral as we wish. The new AI called DeepSeek censors its answers if they include things like the Tiananmen Square. Another thing is that the AI is not allowed to give some answers that could tell you something about how it uses the data that it gets from searches and answers. Another thing is that the AI might not be neutral because its algorithms can use the page rank to select sources. 

This is what makes AI untrustable in some cases. The AI does not think as we think. It just selects sources using some parameters. The problem is that the financial actors can raise their page ranking by buying a place in the search results list. The same things that work with commercial materials work with political parties. 

Same way. Political actors can buy a rise in their ideological material in page ranking. Another way that the actors can raise their material is to make a bot that gives automatic clicks to the home pages. The command is easy to find from the net. It can be used in the homepage group. That sends automatic clicks to some targeted homepages. The command is made for cases where the homepages like web services are transferred to another server or under some other web address. 

The main problem is that the AI is a multipurpose tool. When we make algorithms that give us very interesting data, we face problems where somebody misuses those things. The AI that uses only, let's say, about five first homepages that the search engine gives can cause an effect that the homepage rises in page ranking. That also affects other searches where the homepage is included. And that can cause a situation where the AIs start to raise some homepages. That causes a situation where there are fewer homepages. That is involved in the searches. 

And that causes situations where information that people use turns unilaterally. So, the net follows the route of other news agencies. The unilateral and centralized information sources make news and other information vulnerable to political and financial actors. If, there is only one news agency that gives its owners unlimited power to information. Another thing is that the social media follows that route. 

The "alternative media" where people can share their opinions is owned by somebody. And that "somebody" gives rules. About what is tolerated and what is not. That makes this thing problematic. AI, social media, and other Internet require new types of transparency. People should have information about the things that are behind some systems or applications. The information of the owner of the system can help people form an image of the purpose of the motives behind some applications. 

https://scitechdaily.com/behind-the-code-unmasking-ais-hidden-political-bias/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confucius

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mencius

Researchers created artificial neurons that mimic human neuron function.

"Scientists from Northwestern and Georgia Tech have developed an organic electrochemical neuron that mimics human neural function, enabling real-time tactile perception. This research represents a major leap in organic electronics and neuromorphic systems. (Artist’s concept)."(ScitechDaily, Scientists Develop Artificial Neurons That Mimic Human Perception)

By using graphene and some ions or electrons is possible to create a system that works like a neural axon and neuron. The electrons or other particles mimic the neurotransmitters in the artificial neurons. Artificial neurons are things that can and will revolutionize computing. In that system, the graphene layers are opposite to each other. Then the system shoots ions between those layers. It can also make the quantum entanglement between particles that are trapped in the holes of graphene. 

In the ultimate version of this system, the frames that can trap photons in them can create a structure that is similar to the beehive. And then those structures are opposite to each other. Then the system makes a superposition between those photons. This thing can be the model for the quantum neurons. If quantum neurons are possible that system can turn more powerful than natural neurons. The quantum neuron is one vision of quantum computing in the future. 

The ability to trap electron groups in the graphene layer makes it possible to create a new and powerful quantum system. The graphene frame transmits energy and information in those electrons. After that, the system makes superpositions and entanglement between them. 

The difference between the energy levels of the transmitter and receiving sides of the quantum entanglement determines the time of the sustainability of the quantum entanglement. That means the receiving part should be as low an energy level as possible. And transmitter side must be as high an energy level as possible. The quantum entanglement doesn't let to get as high an energy level in the receiving part as in the transmitter side. If energy levels between the transmitter and receiver are the same, that destroys the quantum entanglement. 

The primordial black hole can make the stable quantum entanglement possible. 

But there is one more thing that can make that machine more powerful than nobody expected. That thing is the primordial or quantum-size black hole. When researchers think about this interesting phenomenon one of its purposes can be the spontaneously formed quantum entanglement. In that model, the primordial black hole can be behind the receiving part of quantum entanglement. 

The laser ray that puts particles into the quantum entanglement travels into that black hole. Or the quantum-size black hole can simply pull the quantum field over the anchored particles or particle groups. That can make the static superposition between those particle pairs. The comb can also create microscopic black holes for each superpositioned and entangled particle pair.

https://scitechdaily.com/electrons-frozen-yet-free-a-quantum-breakthrough-in-graphene/

https://scitechdaily.com/scientists-develop-artificial-neurons-that-mimic-human-perception/

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Researchers manipulated Kelvin waves in superfluids.

 

"Scientists catch spirals of Kelvin waves in superfluid helium for the first timeAn illustration depicting helical waves in a vortex." (InterstingEngineering, Scientists catch spirals of Kelvin waves in superfluid helium for the first time)

"A team of Japanese researchers has discovered a method to control Kelvin wave excitation in superfluid helium-4. This breakthrough can refine our understanding of how energy moves in quantum fluids, improving quantum sensors and making quantum devices more efficient. "(InterstingEngineering, Scientists catch spirals of Kelvin waves in superfluid helium for the first time)

Researchers manipulated Kelvin waves in superfluids.  That might seem something meaningless but the ability to manipulate structures in liquid helium is one of the most interesting things in the history of information technology. The superfluid manipulation makes it possible to create special communication systems that benefit the whirls or string structures in ultra-cold liquids. Those communication systems bring the quantum computers closer to our desks.

As you see from the image above this text the system creates the whirl there are wheel-shaped structures. Those structures are like towers. The information can travel between two wheels between two whirl towers. That can be the new tool for quantum sensors and other kinds of systems. When the outside energy hits the ultra-cold helium. It pushes those atoms. That changes the shape of those whirls. That ability to manipulate these structures makes it possible to create the quantum acoustic and electromagnetic systems that were not possible before.

The liquid helium is not only possible superfluid. The ultra-cold atoms can be used in scanning atomic microscopes. But ultra-cold atoms, or so-called quantum fog can also be used in the system called atomic resonance detector. The atomic resonance detector is the system where ultra-cold atoms are in a chamber. The idea is simple. When radiation stresses some chemical compounds and there are similar atoms in the chamber the atom that is in the sample sends reflection radiation to that chamber.

The atomic resonance microscope is not as sharp as the scanning tunneling microscope. However, it can uncover if there are certain atoms in a sample. The chamber includes ultra-cold low-pressure gas. The system can also make resonance into certain points of the samples if the chamber sends radiation. In that case, radiation energy is sent to the resonance chamber. That thing cuts the compounds to a precise certain point.

If there are similar atoms in the chamber. That reflection causes resonation. That means if there are oxygen atoms in the chamber and if the sample includes oxygen those oxygen atoms cause resonance in the oxygen atoms in that chamber.

Ultra-cold liquid manipulation makes also it possible to create sonar systems that can research the bottoms of the hydrocarbon and nitrogen oceans at ultra-cold objects like Triton and Pluto. The ability to manipulate ultra-cold liquids makes one of the most interesting communication systems possible.

In SciFi movies characters talk about "sub-space communication". In the world of communication theories that means the use of weak wave fields with unique frequencies to communicate with long-distance probes. The idea is that if the wave field is very weak, but its wavelength is unique it will not resonate with other fields. 

https://interestingengineering.com/science/scientists-catch-control-kelvin-waves-first-time

Chaos and computer security.

 The most conventional way to use holograms in data security is to take a picture of the hologram and use it as the key to access the system. The hologram can make those access photos individuals if they change their shape and color all the time.

Holograms are new tools for data security and computing. In the latest technological advances, a high-energy laser that shoots beams through a whirling liquid will encrypt data. Those systems are expensive, but maybe "chaos encryption" is the tool for future encryption. The whirling liquids can help create complete chaos. That makes it impossible to calculate the process backward. The chaos means that there are some particles in the chamber.

The system will make them move and then transmit the information through that chamber. The encryption system takes an image of the position of the particles and sends it to receivers. Then the receiver can use that image or information to calculate changes that happened in the laser beam. The system is unbreakable because the decoding process requires information about the particle's position precise in the moment when information travels through the chamber.

 

"Researchers created an optical system that encrypts information as a hologram that is scrambled when sent through a small container of liquid and then uses a neural network for decryption. Credit: Stelios Tzortzakis, Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas" (ScitechDaily, Hack-Proof Encryption: How AI and Holograms Are Making Data Unbreakable)

"Researchers have designed a cutting-edge optical security system that uses holograms to encode information, rendering it unreadable without an AI-driven decryption key. Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, Hack-Proof Encryption: How AI and Holograms Are Making Data Unbreakable)

 

" The researchers tested the new approach on handwritten digits and other shapes like stars. Credit: Stelios Tzortzakis, Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas" (ScitechDaily, Hack-Proof Encryption: How AI and Holograms Are Making Data Unbreakable)

 

 

Holograms can also transmit information in normal networks. The hologram can be like a light bulb. And it can blink sending information to receivers. That receiver can be a standard web camera. The hologram can change its shape and that makes it impossible to fake the massages. When a hologram transmits binary data it can change its shape, color, or blink. The hologram that the outsider cannot see makes information transmission safe.

The problem with optical systems is that they are not visible through the walls. The X- or gamma-rays and acoustic systems can make data transmission more secure. Things like coherent acoustic waves don't disturb people if they are not at the route of acoustic waves. Same way X-ray and gamma-ray systems are not dangerous if people are not in the line of their radiation.

Things like scattering effects make the lasers vulnerable. If somebody delivers particles to the laser ray's route that makes the laser ray visible to outsiders.

Things like lidar-based technologies that involve the lenses that expand the laser rays make it possible that those systems must not aimed so precisely as regular lasers. The system can send call-signal using a large spotlight. When receivers tell where they are the system can start to use precisely aimed lasers. Things like UV lamps are things that are invisible to IR sensors.  

But the problem is that holograms must be visible to receivers. The hologram can also act as an optical router. The sensors are around that thing. The shape or color can determine which route the system uses to transport information. The optical systems are safe because laser rays are harder to eavesdrop.

If somebody tries to steal data from a laser ray, that leaves a mark on that laser ray. Things like the scattering effect make it possible to break some laser systems. The dust that the eavesdropper delivers to the laser beam can cause a situation where the outsider can see the laser ray.

https://scitechdaily.com/hack-proof-encryption-how-ai-and-holograms-are-making-data-unbreakable/

What is dark energy?

"For decades, scientists believed gravity would slow cosmic expansion, but in a surprising twist, they found the opposite: expansion is speeding up. Dark energy is the suspected culprit, but what is it? The answer could reshape our understanding of physics itself. Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, What Is Dark Energy? The Hidden Force Driving the Universe Apart)

Can dark energy be some kind of cyclotron radiation? 

In some theories, the source of dark energy is in whirls in the quantum fields. Those whirls can turn so-called superstrings to rotate around it. The lower energy area in that whirl pulls quantum fields around it. That interaction makes the superstring send radiation that is similar to the cyclotron radiation. 

That radiation forms when particles or some quantum fields form friction between them. Cyclotron radiation is the thing. That is visible when particles change their direction in the cyclotron. The smallest parts in the material can also send cyclotron radiation if they orbit things like quantum-size black holes.

Dark energy is the dominant effect in the universe. Its source is unknown. However, there are many theories about its origin. In some theories, dark energy is energy. That leaks from the black holes. Or in some other models, it's energy that the hypothetical faster-than-light particle called tachyon releases into our universe. 

The question is this: can the photon transform into the tachyon? In some models: if a photon looks like a ring. Then that photon starts to rotate in the same direction where that photon moves. That makes the photon move faster than it should. In that case. A photon can send wave movement. 

Dark energy is the dominant effect in the universe. The name "dark energy" means wave movement. Whose source is unknown. That energy rips the universe into pieces. Dark energy can form in cases. There the universe's expansion makes the quantum fields between particles weaker. That effect causes the material to send wave movement faster. When material sends wave movement. Its weight turns lower. And sooner or later. All particles in our universe turn into wave movement. And that makes the material lighter. 

That causes the distances to turn longer. And also the weight of the particles turns lower. That is one explanation for dark energy. The dark energy can also form in cases where the universe turns colder. Then the energy level around the gravity center turns lower. That means the gravity pothole turns lower. In a very small black hole, the event horizon can be so close to the singularity that the singularity can turn naked. 

Dark matter can also have some kind of effect on dark energy. Unlike visible material and visible energy fields, dark matter doesn't cause resistance to wave movement. The only known interaction between dark and visible material is gravity. Gravity causes an effect called redshift when it's behind the wave movement. 

That stretches wave movement. Turning its wavelength longer. In the same way, gravity affects wave movement that is forward of the wave. Gravity turns the route of the light in gravity lensing. But if the very massive object is forward. Gravity also accelerates light. 

Or it should accelerate the photon's speed, at least when the object ahead of the wave movement is supermassive. When the photons travel past or through massive objects like the galaxy gravity slows its speed. In that process, the photon acts like all other particles. And it must remove its kinetic energy to somewhere. 

When a particle reloads its kinetic energy it sends the wave movement. In some models. Dark energy is the interaction that happens when particles slow their speed or they travel through the cosmic void. That means they vaporize faster than they should. In that process, the particle sends wave movement as a very fast shockwave when it slows its speed. 

And that causes very fast vaporization. In some models, the hypothetical WIMP, weakly interacting massive particles, and the mysterious gravitons, the hypothetical gravitational transmitter particles, are miniature black holes. In those models, all particles in the universe form around quantum-size black holes. Those small black holes can make energy fields travel faster than calculated. And at the same time. Those small black holes vaporize. 

In the same way. There is the possibility that dark matter is also outside the universe. That gravitational effect can pull material and energy out of the universe faster than calculated. But that requires a gravitational center outside the universe. 

https://scitechdaily.com/what-is-dark-energy-the-hidden-force-driving-the-universe-apart/

Chinese researchers have made two interesting things using DNA.

"Scientists successfully created a bi-paternal mouse—born from two male parents—by modifying imprinting genes, overcoming key reproductive barriers in mammals. Though some mice lived to adulthood, they had developmental defects, were sterile, and had shortened lifespans, highlighting the challenges that remain in applying this technology. (Stock image)." (ScitechDaily, Defying Biology: Chinese Scientists Engineer Mouse With Two Male Parents)

 

Two steps to immortality.



In future the advanced genetics and biotechnology can make finish death in the form as we know it. It's possible. The person who dies can store memories in the net using neuro-implanted microchips. The system can make a clone of the body. And then transmit that data back to brains.

The new way to use DNA is the quantum computer. And the researchers made the lab-grown mouse using two males. Let's begin with mice that are created from the genes of two males. Researchers connected imprinted genes together. Then they modified those genes and used embryonic stem cell technology.

The mouse grew adult, but its lifespan was short. In this test, researchers used technology that is very new. Those modified genes injected into stem cells or eggs allowed that embryo to grow. This technology can turn into everyday technology in the future. But that is one of the things that researchers can do.

Researchers created the first bi-paternal mouse by modifying imprinting genes, advancing reproductive science but facing challenges like sterility and low survival rates."(ScitechDaily, Defying Biology: Chinese Scientists Engineer Mouse With Two Male Parents)

This kind of research is possible in China. Their state controls everything, and there is nothing wrong if researchers want to create the mice using two male mice. When we think about the ability to manipulate genomes and make identical mice clones the problem is how to create the first individual.

If researchers can create mice that grow in totally identical conditions that can offer a better chance to research the environmental effect on individuals. The ability to create mice that have no nervous system or that are born from stem cells that can be manipulated cancer cells can make it possible to make animal tests more humane. And that kinds of things are also interesting ways to make many things like theoretical plans for interstellar space travel. Another thing is this: cloned animals can save some species from extinction.

The use of DNA molecules in quantum computing as 3D and 2D structures is a new thing. The quantum system manipulates the nitrogen atoms and their spins using the nuclear energy resonance. That resonance turns the DNA molecule in the quantum computer. In this model. The system will not use the chemical form of the DNA as the data transport

.
"Scientists have taken a step toward DNA-powered quantum computers by using electric fields to control nuclear spins, unlocking new possibilities in computation and data storage. Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, Forget Silicon – DNA Might Be the Future of Quantum Computing)

The DNA in the quantum computers and chemical data storages.

The system uses DNA as the rack that keeps those nitrogen atoms in a stable position. In that electric version, DNA offers an interesting alternative to silicone. DNA is a tool that can replace many other things. DNA itself can act as a chemical qubit. In that model, the system can use microscopes and other sensors to detect the base that travels through the sensor gate.

The DNA is the tool that can make many things. The chemical version of the data transportation. The DNA travels in the nanotubes. The system detects each base adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T). And each of those bases is one state of qubit. That would be a good and safe data transportation system for short distances. That kind of chemical qubits are interesting things. The DNA molecule can transport information safely. The system can also recycle those bases.

The nanomachines are things that can make things like custom DNA that offer the possibility to store large data storage. The computers can store data in the form of DNA and then that thing must transported into a stable, cold place where computers can take that data back into use. Maybe that kind of data storage is the reason for the journey to the Kuiper belt. Data storage can involve information about the person and the data about things that the person learned. This kind of thing is a step to immortality.

https://scitechdaily.com/defying-biology-chinese-scientists-engineer-mouse-with-two-male-parents/

https://scitechdaily.com/forget-silicon-dna-might-be-the-future-of-quantum-computing/

Kosmos 2553 is the satellite that frights NATO.

There is claiming that the mysterious Kosmos 2553 involves a so-called dummy warhead. If that is true and the satellite is a so-called ASAT (Anti-Satellite) or ground-effect EMP (Electromagnetic pulse) weapon that can blind the USA. The detonator could act like a remotely controlled car bomb. The satellite sends its mark that it's in the right position. Then the system takes an encoded detonation order that triggers the bomb. If the system operator wants to destroy large numbers of satellites using that weapon there is no need to be smart. But if the satellite uses some more sophisticated methods like kinetic energy kill systems there is a need for some intelligent technology. 

The Russian Air Force satellite Kosmos (Cosmos) 2553 launched from Plesetsk in 2022. That satellite is at a very high altitude. That trajectory is called the satellite graveyard. Russians say that the "Neitron" radar satellite. However, there is suspicion that the Kosmos 2553 is the test of the ASAT (Anti-satellite) or EMP (Electromagnetic pulse) weapon that can blind the NATO defense. 

The position of the high-orbiting anti-satellite system is the thing that allows the killer satellite to shoot targets below it. Using rockets or some kind of cannons. It's possible. This satellite has multiple missions. Maybe its mission is to jam and observe other satellites. And in wartime, it can destroy other satellites. Or even try to blind the entire USA using the EMP bomb that detonated near the atmosphere. For that, the satellite must only come down and explode. 

Above: The EMP bomb. (GlobalSecurity.org)

The ASAT weapon uses a similar EMP weapon that is used in microwave burst weapons. The system can download electricity to its capacitors and then the system can release that energy to micro- or radio wave transmitters. The high-explosive detonator around the capacitor makes it possible to create very high-power EMP impulses. This kind of system can be installed in the radar system. The satellite can use its maximum transmitter power only once. So, maybe it has two power levels. Maybe the system uses regular transmitters to jam the signals. And then it can detonate the high-energy EMP weapon. 

Or if it involves a nuclear weapon. That weapon can send destructive plasma and radio bursts to the targeted satellites. It can detonate and send the energy burst to satellites below it. That system also destroys  Russia's own communication and spy satellites. But if new satellites are in reserve to fast replace the destroyed satellites that kind of ASAT is a suitable tool. The high-flying satellite can also eavesdrop and jam other satellites. 

 https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/systems/munitions/hpm.htm

https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/e-bomb-peril-high-power-microwave-weapons

https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/world-news/putins-mysterious-cosmos-2553-satellite-34259316

https://swfound.org/news/all-news/2024/06/insight-faq-what-we-know-about-russia-s-alleged-nuclear-anti-satellite-weapon

https://russianforces.org/blog/2022/02/cosmos-2553_-_the_first_neitro.shtml

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kosmos_2553

The mystery FRB that came from nowhere baffles experts.

"Scientists using CHIME expected to find a young, energetic star behind a newly detected FRB. Instead, it came from a quiet, ancient galaxy where star formation ended billions of years ago. This challenges everything they thought they knew about FRBs. Credit: CHIME, edited"  (ScitechDaily, This Mysterious Radio Burst Came From Nowhere and It’s Baffling Experts)

"CHIME, pictured here, consists of four large antennas, each about the size and shape of a snowboarding half-pipe, and is designed with no moving parts. Rather than swiveling to focus on different parts of the sky, CHIME stares fixedly at the entire sky, looking for fast radio burst sources across the universe. Credit: CHIME Collaboration." (ScitechDaily, This Mysterious Radio Burst Came From Nowhere and It’s Baffling Experts)

The mysterious fast radio burst, FRB, seemed to come from nowhere. We can offer many explanations for that thing, including alien spacecraft. But it's more likely that something caused changes in some other wavelength. In some models, black holes can pull the X- or gamma-rays backward and they can stretch like you would pull a corrugated carpet. Things like gravitational or electromagnetic fields can act as lenses that focus the radio waves like lenses focus optical wavelengths. 

"The location of the fast radio burst, indicated by the oval outlines, is on the outskirts of a massive elliptical galaxy, the yellow oval at right. Credit: Gemini Observatory" (ScitechDaily, This Mysterious Radio Burst Came From Nowhere and It’s Baffling Experts)

The redshift (or Dooppler effect)  is one thing that can stretch radiation. Black holes and other very massive objects can cause virtual redshift. Or the neutron star or black hole that distances Earth can also stretch radiation. In that case is possible that GRB and XRB (Gamma- and X-ray bursts) can stretch into the radio waves.  Another thing that can change the radiation wavelength is the cosmic void. When a gamma ray or some other radiation hits a cosmic void that case can pull radiation forward. That can adjust its wavelength. 

Another thing. That can make the radio signals stronger than they were are gravitational or electromagnetic lenses. Changing the direction of the radio waves doesn't require a gravitational lens. Also,  plasma lenses or strong magnetic fields can focus radio waves. So can the plasma in the heliosphere turn the direction of the radio waves that they focus on the point of the planet Earth? 

Gravity lenses can also focus things like X- and gamma-rays. The gravity- or electromagnetic lens that focuses radio- or other types of radiation can turn the regular radio or other radiation to look very strong. Same way lenses can turn sunlight strong when they focus radiation at the same point. If that happens on the point of the radio or other telescope it amplifies the signal. But if astronomers want to register that thing.  That requires that the lens focus is just on Earth. 

https://scitechdaily.com/this-mysterious-radio-burst-came-from-nowhere-and-its-baffling-experts/

Researchers say that DeepSeek training costs were 1,3 billion, not 6 million.

When we talk about China and its authoritarian commanding system. We must realize. That the costs that authoritarian governments and companies that cooperate with them are what the government wants. In China, there is no business without government. The real costs of AI training might form in different ways in China than in Europe. Those ways might be different than we follow in Western countries. 

If governmental offices like intelligence and the People's Liberation Army participate in the AI projects. Those offices are not telling their salaries and costs. There is also suspicion that the Chinese military intelligence offered data, that it gets from hackers to that company. The DeepSeek follows the honorable road of hypersonic missiles and stealth fighters. That algorithm came from nowhere. 

Maybe some part of the code is developed using methods that will not accepted in Europe or other Western countries. The Chinese government uses hackers to steal data that it thinks to benefit it. And there is no way to resist the Chinese government, if and when it wants to participate in some AI project. 

And it's possible. Only the people. Those who are hired by a company. That markets the software take salaries from that work. The entire company can be coulisse. And the project itself is controlled by the People's Liberation Army, PLA. Or, would you download software that the developer is marked as  PLA or "National Police of China"? 

The company's purpose is to make the software or application more attractive. The other thing is this. It's possible. The Chinese government didn't even ask the DeepSeek needed its support. If DeepSeek says "no" that means the end of the business. 

As I wrote before, it's possible. The Chinese government's hackers gave information about DeepSeek. The hacking that happens under the Chinese government's control is suspected of being behind China's fast technological advance. And AI development is at a high level on government's priority. Chinese authorities are interested in the AI's military, intelligence, and surveillance applications. 

That means there is one way in China that developers must follow. That is if the government suggests something the only way to answer is "yes". Other answers cause problems in business. Or, the person who gives that wrong answer will transform to mine worker. 

https://interestingengineering.com/culture/deepseeks-ai-training-cost-billion

Images. InterestingEngineering.