Mars was once a tropical paradise, scientists suggest.

“Kaolinite-rich rocks found by Perseverance hint that Mars may once have had warm, rain-soaked environments, offering new clues about the planet’s ancient climate and its potential for past habitability. Credit: Shutterstock” (ScitechDaily, Mars Was Once a Tropical Oasis, New Study Suggests)

Mars was once habitable, but was it a paradise period lasting long enough for some primitive organisms to form? There is a possibility. The planet Mars had once been in a similar trajectory. To Earth. Then, some violent cosmic event. Like an impact with another planet or a large asteroid, it pushed Mars into a trajectory. There it is today. The solar system’s violent history might have whipped many planets and probably some lifeforms away. Maybe there were more than one protoplanet in the habitable zone around the young sun. Cosmic catastrophes destroyed most of those objects. 

There is also a possibility that planet Mars was once larger than it is now. The meteorite or meteorite swarm stripped the lithosphere off that planet. And maybe that event whipped the last changes of lifeform formation off that planet. But were there lifeforms? The answer is that nobody is sure. It’s possible that the remnants of those lifeforms still exist. But there is one thing that we must consider. 

“Purdue University research into rocks that stood out as light-colored dots on the reddish-orange surface of Mars shows that areas of the small planet could have once supported wet oases with humid climates and heavy rainfall comparable to tropical climates on Earth. Credit: NASA” (ScitechDaily, Mars Was Once a Tropical Oasis, New Study Suggests)

“A complex valley network near Idaeus Fossae on Mars, captured by the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/University of Arizona” (ScitechDaily, The 16 Locations That Could Hold the Secret to Ancient Life on Mars)

“The valley networks, lakes and rivers that make up the Paraná Valles drainage system on Mars. Credit: Abdallah S. Zaki et al.”(ScitechDaily, The 16 Locations That Could Hold the Secret to Ancient Life on Mars)

Lightning on Mars can form when dust devils or dust tornadoes form a structure. That is like a generator. The static electricity of the iron-rich sand particles forms the lightning. When those particles form the tornado-shaped structure. That tornado acts as a generator that forms lightning. And maybe that lightning formation explains. A loss of some probes that lost contact with Earth on that planet. 

"An artist's impression of lightning on Mars. (Mark Garlick/Science Photo Library/Getty)" (ScienceAlert, NASA Recorded Lightning Crackling on Mars For The First Time)

The planet must have a melted core that makes a generator in that planet. That generator forms a magnetic field that pushes solar wind out from the planet's atmosphere. If there is no magnetic field, that means solar wind just pushes that gas layer out from around the planet. There are two ways in which this kind of magnetic field can form. Internal or external effects can form magnetic fields. The internal effect is the magnetic core that surrounds the mantel. 

Because the mantle orbits the core, sometimes in the opposite direction. That forms the magnetic field. Another version is that plasma whirls orbit the core. The icy asteroid that small magnetic particles cover can have a magnetic field. If there is a plasma whirl that surrounds that small icy bite. The magnetic field must be strong enough. It can turn solar wind away. If that doesn’t happen, the solar wind blows the atmosphere off the planet. 

If there is volcanic activity, like a hot core, on that planet. That opens the route. To find lifeforms that use volcanic or geothermal temperatures for their energy source. Those kinds of organisms might live deep under the Martian surface. There is water ice on that planet. And volcanic temperature can mean that there is liquid water deep underground. Magnetic activity on that planet. Means that Mars. Has a similar core to Earth. Another interesting thing is that the Red Planet has lightning. This thing requires. That there is some kind of electromagnetic phenomenon. 

https://www.sciencealert.com/nasa-recorded-lightning-crackling-on-mars-for-the-first-time

https://scitechdaily.com/mars-was-once-a-tropical-oasis-new-study-suggests/

https://scitechdaily.com/the-16-locations-that-could-hold-the-secret-to-ancient-life-on-mars/

The black hole paradox: have we been wrong for 60 years?

"Black holes are usually described as regions where gravity becomes so strong that nothing can escape, formed when massive stars collapse beyond a critical threshold. While this is the standard picture, our observations always capture these extreme objects in earlier stages of their evolution, before any such boundary can be directly confirmed. Credit: Stock" (ScitechDaily, New Theory Suggests We’ve Been Wrong About Black Holes for 60 Years)

"How confusing inevitability with reality built decades of paradox." (ScitechDaily, New Theory Suggests We’ve Been Wrong About Black Holes for 60 Years)

"What if general relativity never actually tells us that black holes already exist, but only that their formation is inevitable in an infinite future we can never observe? In a new theory, Daryl Janzen, a physicist at the University of Saskatchewan in Saskatoon, Canada, questions whether we’ve mistaken mathematical inevitability for physical reality, and shows how much of our black hole story rests on that quiet leap." (ScitechDaily, New Theory Suggests We’ve Been Wrong About Black Holes for 60 Years)

Energy always travels out or into particles. If energy travels out from particles. They turn older. When energy travels to particles, they turn younger. That is one way to explain time dilation. The environment determines if a particle will receive. Or deliver energy. If the energy level in the environment is lower. 

Than the particle’s energy level. That means the particle delivers energy. If a particle’s energy level is lower, the particle receives energy. The particle itself is an energy package.  Or one form of condensed wave movement. Without an outside field. That wave package unravels or turns into energy. 

Black holes stretch light. That causes an interesting phenomenon. The black hole turns light into red. And that causes a massive redshift. The formation of the black hole’s event horizon might be like a yarn ball. The fields and particles will be stretched. The massive redshift means. The black hole always seems. To be at a longer distance than it is.  

Black holes are the ultimate objects. The thing. What makes those objects interesting is that. Their escape velocity. It is higher than the speed of light. And that raises an interesting question: do black holes exist? Or are they just forming? Another interesting detail. It is in the time dilation. Time dilation means that when the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light. 

That slows time in those particles. When the speed of particles reaches the speed of light. Time stops. And when the speed of the particle turns higher than the speed of light, that turns time backward. That thing is possible only in certain cases. Where escape velocity turns higher than the speed of light. That happens at the point that we call the event horizon. That turns time moving backward. Time is a direct relative. To the escape velocity. 

Because nothing can travel faster than the speed of light. 

This means that even light cannot escape from a black hole. And the thing. What makes this possible is that a black hole binds quantum fields at that point. The quantum field pulls particles to the gravitational center. So when the speed of the quantum field reaches the speed of light. And crosses it. That field pulls particles with it. The field is like water. That takes objects with it. 

So when a particle rides with a field in the event horizon, the field transports that particle. And that means the particle’s speed relative to the field that transports it is zero. Speed is always relative to some other object. 

And then we can see a thing. That is called the arrow of time. The arrow of time means that when a particle moves forward, it transfers energy into those other particles. The arrow of time also happens with fields. And wave movement. 

 So, when a particle moves in time, it pushes other particles back in time. Then we face the black hole paradox number 2. Because escape velocity is higher than the speed of light, that means time travels backward in a black hole’s event horizon. That causes an interesting idea. Black holes are pushing time forward in the universe. That thing means that the black holes keep time moving in the universe. 

The reason for that is quite easy to understand. The black hole’s ultimate gravitational field. Doesn’t let anything escape from that object. Because a black hole rolls fields into its spin axis. That forms whirl around it. We see those whirls as galaxies if they surround supermassive black holes. Those whirls deny the energy and particles escape from black holes. 

The ultimate spin binds energy from around the black hole into the black hole. The outside energy or outside quantum fields tries to fill the hole. That is the energy whirl leaves behind. When a black hole binds energy into it. That leaves a lower energy area behind it. And the outside energy starts to fill. That lower energy pothole. The thing is that. The black holes are interesting. They bring information from the future to the point where they formed. But they also send information from the past to the future. 

When time or energy travels. In the black hole, it acts like a water flow. It also binds energy. From around it. That makes a lower energy point just near a black hole. Like flowing water cools the air. This energy flow travels against the time. This means there should be some kind of point. Where the black hole. Pushes time forward. Or, it should make that thing. When the energy level turns lower, that causes the effect. Time travels faster because particles deliver energy. Out of them faster. Than in a high-energy environment. 

https://scitechdaily.com/new-theory-suggests-weve-been-wrong-about-black-holes-for-60-years/

Nanomachines, intelligent dust, can make new things in many areas.

 

"Gold “super atoms” could unlock scalable, customizable quantum computing. (Artist’s concept.) Credit: SciTechDaily.com. Researchers found that gold “super atoms” can behave like the atoms in top-tier quantum systems—only far easier to scale. These tiny clusters can be customized at the molecular level, offering a powerful, tunable foundation for the next generation of quantum devices." (ScitechDaily, Gold Nanoclusters Could Supercharge Quantum Computers)

The thing. That makes nanoparticles intelligent. It is an intelligent carrier. That intelligent carrier makes those nanoparticles travel into the desired cells. That intelligent carrier can be some virus. Or it can be the nutrient. That makes other cells transport those nanoparticles into the desired cells. The effect of nanoparticles. It is not like regular chemicals. In regular chemicals. It is a reactive component that the chemical reaction neutralizes. That means one chemical compound or molecule is single-use. 

The nanoparticle interacts with electric impulses or acoustic oscillations. So when a nanoparticle travels in cells. It doesn’t lose its reactive component. In the cell. The acoustic resonance of those nanoparticles conveys. Into their environment. And forms waves that can destroy the cells. Those oscillations and acoustic waves can also destroy other molecules. Than just DNA. 

This can deactivate poisonous compounds in the environment. Or those acoustic signals can help to make 3D ultrasound images. The nanoparticle can be chemically neutral. Or, it can even be gold. Golden nanoparticles can supercharge quantum computers. But they can supercharge medical research. 

A nanoparticle that goes into the cell. And starting to oscillate. It can damage the cell. The nanoparticle can be grown on the virus's shell. And if those viruses can transport things like DNA to the desired cells. Those nanoparticles can be connected to the DNA. And the virus can launch it. Into those cells.

Above: "Silver nanoparticles built on viral biotemplate kill more bacteria and slow resistance rise" (Phys.org)

Nanoparticles can form on the shell of viruses. Those nanoparticles can be frozen to extremely low temperatures, where they form superatoms. That thing is possible with silver. And maybe, it's possible for gold. 

The acoustic oscillation also. Offers a possibility to create. 3D ultrasound images. This type of system. That benefits acoustic waves. That comes inside. Can be the acoustic versions of the Positron-Emission Tomography, PET scanners. 

The nanoparticle can act as the structure that forms a bubble around it. If the acoustic signal makes those particles oscillate. That makes them send pressure impulses into cells. Just observed  memory in some atomic nuclei. It could be used in the future to create nanotechnology. When radioactive nuclei release one neutron. 

There forms an empty hole. This kind of phenomenon could, maybe, be used in the molecules. Where the atom or atom’s line will touch in the place of the released neutron.  Systems like self-assembly molecules. The idea is that when a neuron travels out from an atom. Its size will turn a little bit smaller. That pulls the particle to that atom, if it's close enough. That thing can be used. In the new types of nanotechnology. Which uses radioactive decay. 

For making atoms touch each other at the right points of the molecule. In that model, the radioactive atoms are in the precise right points in the molecule. Then, if the wanted atoms are near those radioactive touching points. And the system can predict the decay. That can be useful to create new chemical compounds. Or chemical compounds. That has the reactive components in precisely the right points of the molecules. 

Viruses can operate. As platforms for. All kinds of nanoparticles. The nanoparticles can act as part of quantum computers. And those things can make almost everything. 

If the nanoparticle is connected to a bacteriophage. It can travel to the desired bacteria. But there is a possibility to connect them to nutrients. Nanoparticles can travel into cells that use certain nutrients. Nanoplastics are one type of nanoparticles. Those particles are extremely dangerous if they travel to small blood vessels and block them. If that thing happens in the brain, it can cause problems with memory and other brain functions. 

When nanoparticles completely block some blood vessels. That denies their ability to transport nutrients and oxygen to cells, which those little blood vessels feed. That can cause cell death, which can turn into gangrene. 

https://phys.org/news/2025-12-silver-nanoparticles-built-viral-biotemplate.html

https://scitechdaily.com/gold-nanoclusters-could-supercharge-quantum-computers/

https://scitechdaily.com/physicists-observe-a-nuclear-memory-thought-impossible/