Writings about astronomy and technology.

 The next-generation ion engines can use extremely bright light to ionize gas.  Quasiparticles are the next-generation tools for extremely bright lights.  Wikipedia determines a quasiparticle like this: "In condensed matter physics, a quasiparticle is a concept used to describe a collective behavior of a group of particles that can be treated as if they were a single particle. Formally, quasiparticles and collective excitations are closely related phenomena that arise when a microscopically complicated system such as a solid behaves as if it contained different weakly interacting particles in vacuum." (Wikipedia, Quasiparticle) Some of the quasiparticles are extremely short-living "particle-type energy fields". Or otherwise saying. Quasiparticle is a phenomenon that acts like particles. Researchers are interested in quasiparticles like Majorana fermions because they offer the possibility to make error-resistant quantum computers.  But one version of quasiparticles i

     Are ghosts real?  This is a good question. Things like reality are subjective things. And things can be real to some other person, and they are not real to some other person. This is the thing that we must remember when we talk about things like ghosts. In many theories. Ghosts are a psychological phenomenon.  When people see ghosts, they don't always see dead people. They might see ex-leaders who went to other work. They might smell those ex-leaders candies and aftershaves even if they are not at the same workplace or in the office for years.  "A significant proportion of Americans believe in ghosts, with many claiming personal encounters. However, despite the prevalence of recording devices, concrete evidence for the existence of ghosts remains elusive." (ScitechDaily.com/Are Ghosts Real? Examining the Scientific Evidence) In this model, ghosts are flashbacks from the past. In that model, traumatic stress like PTSD can explain things like ghost cars or something li

    Are computer games, and especially online games, so innocent as they should be? The thing is that there are many ways to use computer games for research, development, and intelligence work. Computer games or online games also offer online social media platforms. And there people can discuss and ask things from each other. When a person plays 1st. person action games. Some other person can ask, where other players learned some kind of tactics. Or would some other player own some guns that are in those games? That thing allows intelligence officials to ask would some players be some kind of military officials. Or are the player's parents working in the military industry or other military work?  "A study from Aalto University’s Department of Computer Science reveals concerning data collection practices within online games and highlights players’ misconceptions about privacy. The research identified manipulative design tactics that encourage data sharing and highlighted that p

 Ancient technology was ahead of its time.  "Image from an illuminated manuscript, the Madrid Skylitzes, showing Greek fire in use against the fleet of the rebel Thomas the Slav." (Wikipedia/Greek Fire) We all heard things like Antikythera mechanisms and Greek Fire that could be a saltpetre-alcohol mixture. That thing causes extremely high temperatures. But it's possible. That ancient wise people knew things about centrifugal guns. Things like Aeolopile and Archimedes' Screw could use to shoot ammunition against the enemy. "Animation showing how the Archimedes screw works, with the red balls representing water." (Wikipedia/Archimedes' screw)  It's possible. Some ancient people knew that if they sent soundwaves to iron nails that thing sends resonance to enemy iron equipment and breaks those things. If that resonance will send through the sea. Enemy ships will be put together using iron nails that resonance can break the wooden structures around the n

 Could there be lifeforms at the outer edge of our solar system? "An artistic representation of how the northern infrared aurora would have looked in 2006 (marked in red). The darker red locations indicate confirmed aurora locations, with fainter red used to mark possible aurora locations. Credit to NASA, ESA and M. Showalter (SETI Institute) for the background image of Uranus, as was observed by the Hubble Space Telescope (in the visible spectrum) in August 2005. Credit: NASA, ESA and M. Showalter (SETI Institute) for the background image of Uranus, as was observed by the Hubble Space Telescope (in the visible spectrum) in August 2005." (ScitechDaily.com/Discovering Uranus’ Glow: New Hints for Life on Icy Exoplanets) The researchers at the Leicester University confirm the IR-aurora around Uranus. That IR aurora could give energy to theoretical lifeforms, that can live on Uranu's high atmosphere.  Could there be lifeforms on super-gold worlds like Uranus? Life as we know

     Bionic limbs are a reality. "This bionic hand is fused to a woman’s bones, muscles, and nerves" "The unique integration reduced her pain and gave her more control over the prosthetic." (FreeThink/This bionic hand is fused to a woman’s bones, muscles, and nerves) The limits of innovation are on our minds. And new bionic prostheses are making the sci-fi tales true. The new bionic prostheses interact with the human nervous system, and they are just like real arms. The next-generation bionic prostheses are AI-controlled robot limbs that follow commands from the human nervous system. Those bionic prostheses are tools that can make people feel like robots. Or those highly advanced bionic prostheses will bring people and machines together. The bionic arms and legs are stronger than natural ones. The same technology used in bionic systems can be used in many ways. And that thing brings sci-fi tales like "Star Wars" and "Dr. Adder" to reality. The bi

 Cosmobiology, vampires, and werewolves cause interesting theorems. Could there be some mirror person of somebody?  Researchers at the Chinese  Hangzhou University researched the DNA and RNA molecules cis-trans isomerism. Researchers created this work to investigate mirror lifeforms. The idea is that in the research the DNA will be injected into the cells in the opposite direction as it normally is.  That thing makes it possible to research things like how the isomerism of the DNA and RNA molecules determines the creature's behavior. We know that things like cis-trans isomerism have an effect on protein behavior in ion pumps of the cells. And if some proteins oppositely go into the cells as it should that protein kills the cell. But what kind of effect does the DNA or RNA if it travels to the cell organelle in the wrong way?  It's possible. That some kind of psychopathic persons were examples of the werewolf and vampire stories. And maybe those stories are told as a warning tha

 Researchers tested the limits of the quantum teleportation.  The researchers from the University of Stuttgart measured all four Bell states. The Bell states are full correlations between qubits that can be in states 0 or 1 or in superpositions. The reason why Bell states are interesting is that the quantum system requires two-qubit lines and all four states to back and forth communication. The problem with Bell state collapse is that the qubits that transmit information from point A to point B are opposite or mirror position to the qubit that transports information from point B to point A.  The reason for that mirror symmetry is that the transmitting side of the qubit must be at a higher energy level than the receiving qubit. Only identical qubits can transport information without damaging the informational structure. When two identical qubits are side by side energy travels from the higher energy qubits to lower energy qubits. "In the Barz group’s experiment with a two-stage int

 Compositional generalization is the new method for machine learning. Compositional generalization means the ability to create new entities using existent particles. The idea is like making music by using the same notes but changing words. In the same way, if the system knows the words "walking" and "two times" it's possible to connect those terms and make the sentence "walking two times". This is the idea of compositional generalization. The compositional generalization can extend to physical works. The system can connect certain movements with certain objects and orders that users give to robots. But the key element in that kind of robot is language modeling. The robot must "understand" the things that people want it to do when they say something. The compositional generalization means that a robot can connect some words that it hears to certain movement series. "Researchers have developed a technique called Meta-learning for Compositi

 Researchers use quantum light to hear quantum sound. At the beginning were ion microphones. When a pressure wave hits the box where there are atoms, it transfers energy to that atom cloud. This thing gives an idea for the ion microphones. An ion microphone can be a kilometer-long tube where laser rays are detecting pressure waves in that tube. The ion microphones can detect sound waves from the ground. The ion microphones are boxes where there are ions or atomic clouds. When a soundwave hits that box, it sends a pressure wave to that atomic cloud. The idea is that those atoms are brought to a certain energy level, and then a pressure wave gives them an energy impulse. And the lasers can detect the movements of that gas. "Researchers from the University of East Anglia have introduced a pioneering method using quantum light to detect quantum sound. Their study sheds light on the intricate quantum interactions between molecular vibrations and photons. The findings are expected to en

Free will and simulated universe theory.  Do we have free will? The fact is that our society and other things like moral and ethical rules limit our free will, and the final limit is from the natural laws. If we think about our bodies, people may believe and want to fly. But we cannot fly without auxiliary machines. That thing limits our free will.  Another thing. That limits our free will in-laws. We can make anything that we want if that willingness follows the laws. Even if lawmakers allow us to grow wings and fly, that thing is impossible without genetic manipulation. But the other thing is that if we break the laws or some behavior code, that thing causes confusion and isolation.  And even if we can make the code of laws the limits come from other states. The question of free will is always top of the list about the allowance of the Internet's unlimited control. People who are against the control say that it limits free will. And the people who support unlimited control say th

 The Big Bang was not the beginning of the universe.  What was before the Big Bang? There were dimensions. The dimension could determined as the superstrings that have a certain energy level. Then something caused the situation. The superstrings send some kind of sub-strings or wave movement and that thing formed material. The impulse from those superstrings caused Schwinger to affect where those impacting superstrings formed the first particles. So we can say that the Big Bang was the event, where material or superstrings that formed material reach a certain energy level.  But then we must ask was there a universe before our universe? There is a vision that radiation that comes from black holes is one of the reasons for dark energy. There is the possibility that information that we see as vapor of the black holes is coming from the future. The idea is that: when escaping velocity turns faster than the speed of light, the time turns to go backwards.  Time stops at the speed of light. A

 Revolution for nanotechnology: the engine that is 1/10,000th of a millimeter In the future, the medicines might be packed in protein capsules. When that protein capsule faces the ion pump, that cell organ pushes medicine away from the nanomachine. One way to make that thing possible is to connect the protein or enzyme that makes the virus homing to certain cells to the nanomachine. The small-size nanomachine requires new technology. In some visions, the ion pumps that deliver nutrients to the cells can connect with nanomachines. And those nanomachines would use those ion pumps as ion engines. Controlling the nanomachine is very important. "The novel type of nanomotor with an RNA polymerase, which pulls the two “handles” together and then releases them again. This generates a pulsing movement. Credit: Mathias Centola/University of Bonn" (ScitechDaily.com/Revolution in Nanotech: A Motor That’s 1/10,000th of a Millimeter) Nanomachines can use enzymes that are long chemical fibe

 Researchers created a new method to manipulate qubits by using sound.  Theoretically is possible to move even photons by using soundwaves. Soundwaves are molecular movements, and directly pushing photons using air molecules is impossible. But it's possible to use molecules or atomic clouds to push smaller atoms. Then smaller atoms will push smaller and smaller particles.  If the chain in the series of smaller particles is long enough, the particles will turn smaller and smaller. It's possible. That push to the molecule can send from the series of atoms and subatomic components to photons. In this case particle series whose size decreases during all its series could push photons.  But manipulating qubits by using soundwaves can happen by stressing piezo-electric crystals with soundwaves. The other version is to point sound waves to photonic crystals. Then the soundwaves can affect the crystal's symmetry. Changes in photonic crystal symmetry affect the movements of quantum e

The predator's role is to protect the prey population from weak individuals. If you take your prey from the wrong place in the population, that thing can refine non-wanted abilities in the prey. The bats and insects are in an arms race. They are a good example of the relationship between prey and predator. Just like all other predators and prey, bats and insects are in a race. However, the new research challenges this evolutionary model.  Or does it? Before we start to talk about evolution and the evolutionary arms race, we must understand the predators and their role in the prey's community. The purpose of the predator is to keep the prey's population at a certain level. But the predator's other role is to keep the prey population clean from unwanted genomes. "Researchers challenge the idea of an arms race between bats and insects, suggesting that the barbastelle bat’s quiet calls are inherited from quieter gleaner ancestors, not as a direct adaptation against ins

 What is the interest of genetic scientists in bats and parasites? There is one very interesting combination of bats and vampire stories. Bat's tissues renew very fast. And that thing leads to the idea that maybe it's possible to combine bats' immune genomes and genomes that control the renewal of tissue with human genomes. Bats have no cancer, and that makes them interesting. How fast can renewing tissues avoid cancer? The reason why human neurons are not renewing very often is that by denying the renewing neurons, those cells avoid cancer. Bats are animals that have the fastest-renewing tissues. The skin of their wings can renew very quickly. And that thing makes bats interesting. Their wing tissue's behavior is against the normal genetic model, where fast-renewing cells are the most vulnerable to cancer. There is no cancer in a bat's tissue, and that thing makes those little flying mammals very interesting. Bats are also immune against many viruses. And that make

  China successfully made cracks in the hypersonic thermal barrier. And that causes pressure on the USA. Hypersonic technology, and especially air-breathing hypersonic crafts and missiles, are things that must be taken seriously. The new ceramic materials are hard enough that they can resist the extremely high temperature at hypersonic speed. Hypersonic aircraft can be used to transport satellites and missiles into orbit.  They can make a ballistic jump, and those systems reach every target in the world in less than an hour. Bing says that a flight around the world at the lowest possible speed in a hypersonic area, that is, a Mach 5+ flight, takes 1 hour and 25 minutes. The hypersonic drone can send small-size rockets like "Pegasus" and  its successors  into low orbit. There, they can carry cargo like small satellites. Hypersonic cruise missiles can fly so low that the orbital systems cannot reach them. But it is too high for a regular anti-aircraft system. The hypersonic cru

 The next big leap in communication is laser.  Lasers can be used for communication and they can protect satellites against hostile actions.  The next leap in communication technology is laser communication. The reason why NASA and other space organizations research things like laser communication is simple. Laser communication systems are immune to regular eavesdropping and jamming tools. Especially if the system uses a two-layer laser system where hollow laser rays protect data transmission ray is impossible to steal data from the data channel. The laser systems are more multi-use tools than just communication.   Lasers can also scan pollution from the high atmosphere. In recon satellites, the laser spectroscopes can search chemical compounds from aircraft and other vehicle exhaust gas.  The laser systems can also make gravitational measurements. And the Lidar systems can scan the orbital trajectories to find space debris, that can danger satellites. The power of the laser rays deter

  Gravitational waves don't arrive simultaneously with light.  "In 2017, a kilonova sent light and gravitational waves across the Universe. Here on Earth, there was a 1.7 second signal arrival delay. Why?"  (BigThink.com/Light and gravitational waves don’t arrive simultaneously) The gravitational waves from the kilonova in 2017 arrived 1,7 seconds before visible light. The reason. Researchers might find the answer to the question of why that thing happened and why gravitational waves arrived before visible light from a "Flamingo" simulation. The simulation is meant for a universal model of the object and its magnetic field interaction with the material. All quantum fields interact similarly. And that simulation can give a hint that maybe gravitational wave comes closer than light.  The Flamingo-simulation  There are three possibilities as to why light comes after the gravitational waves.  1) Gravitational waves come from different places than visible light. One